子宫内膜异位症患者血清及腹腔液中血小板衍生生长因子、血管细胞粘附分子水平的变化及其意义

目的通过检测子宫内膜异位症(EMs)患者血清及腹腔液中血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF)、血管细胞粘附分子-(VCAM-1)浓度,探讨PDGF和VCAM-1在EMs发病中的作用。方法选取手术后病理证实为EMs的40例患者为EMs组,其中I~II期17例,III~IV23例;非EMs组20例作为对照组。应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清及腹腔液中PDGF和VCAM-1水平。结果EMs组血清及腹腔液中PDGF、VCAM-1水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。随EMs期别的增加,其血清和腹腔液中PDGF、VCAM-1含量呈上升趋势;EMsIII~IV期水平显著高于I~II期(P<0.05)。EMs患者PDGF与VCAM-1呈正相关性(P<0.05)。结论EMs患者PDGF、VCAM-1表达水平升高,在EMs的发生发展中具有重要作用。     

沉默树突状细胞恒定链以增强其抗肿瘤作用的体外实验研究

目的初步观察用小分子干扰RNA(siRNA)沉默树突状细胞(DCs)恒定链(Ii)后,DCs疫苗的体外抗肿瘤效果。方法从小鼠骨髓分离骨髓前体细胞,细胞经100 ng/ml GM-CSF和100 ng/ml IL-4诱导培养6 d后,转染针对DCs Ii链特异的Ii-siRNA,转染后加用50 ng/ml TNF-α继续诱导细胞成熟48 h,然后分别用Western blot检测沉默效果及CCK-8试剂盒检测DCs刺激同种异体淋巴细胞增殖的能力;此外,DCs共转染Ii-siRNA和小鼠胃癌前体细胞MFC的总RNA后,与同种异体淋巴细胞共培养,通过ELISA检测培养上清IFN-γ/和IL-4的水平,并收集致敏淋巴细胞进行体外杀伤实验。结果Ii-siRNA明显抑制DCs Ii的表达。沉默Ii链能够增强DCs的淋巴细胞增殖能力,并促使淋巴细胞向Th1的方向漂移[IFN-γ:(5107±351)pg/ml,IL-4:(65±13)pg/ml,P＜0．05]。淋巴细胞经共转染Ii-siRNA和MFC RNA的DCs激活后,明显而特异地杀伤靶肿瘤细胞(杀伤百分率: 66．94%±2．75%,P＜0．05)。结论通过siRNA沉默DCs的Ii链可能是一种行之有效的增强抗肿瘤免疫的方法。     

Motor unit potential contribution to surface electromyography

The background of the bioelectric activity of muscle recorded from the surface of the skin (surface electromyography) in terms of the representation of single motor units of the underlying muscle(s) is not very well documented or understood. An insight into the composition of an electromyogram is essential for the proper interpretation of one of the most widely applied electrophysiological techniques. In the present paper, a study of the contribution of single motor unit potentials to the surface electromyogram is presented. To this end, the decline of different components of the motor unit potential with depth of the motor unit is quantified. Experimentally, the action potentials from motor units at several positions in the muscle were recorded by 30 skin surface electrodes. Simultaneous use of scanning electromyography provided information about the actual position and size of the motor unit. Observed linear log–log relationships between motor unit potential magnitudes and distance indicated the usefulness of a power function to describe the motor unit potential's dependence on recording distance. It is shown that different specific surface motor unit potential characteristics fall off differently with depth. The magnitude–distance relationship is shown to be dependent on the recording configuration (unipolar vs. bipolar recording, including the inter-electrode distance) and the chosen motor unit potential parameter (negative peak amplitude, positive peak amplitude and area).     

粉被虫草提取物对巨噬细胞吞噬功能及CTL活性的影响

研究粉被虫草菌丝体提取物在体外对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能和脾细胞免疫功能的影响，结果表明：粉被虫草提取物在正常情况下不仅能够促进小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能，而在免疫抑制的情况下，一定浓度的粉被虫草菌丝体提取物还能恢复提高吞噬功能；它不仅能促进正常脾活化Ｔ细胞的增殖，而且能恢复环磷酰胺和氢化可的松抑制免疫小鼠脾活化Ｔ细胞的增殖；在较高浓度下能增高小鼠脾细胞毒Ｔ淋巴细胞（ＣＴＬ）活性，同时在一定浓度下能恢复免疫抑制小鼠脾ＣＴＬ活性。     

EFFECT OF SOME TRICYCLIC AND NONTRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS ON [3H]IMIPRAMINE BINDING AND SEROTONIN UPTAKE IN RAT CEREBRAL CORTEX AFTER PROLONGED TREATMENT

Chronic administration of different antidepressant drugs reduced the number of [3H]imipramine [( 3H]IMI) binding sites in rat cerebral cortex. In the same experimental conditions, fluvoxamine and dothiepin, as well as desmethylimipramine, induced an increase in the maximal velocity of high affinity serotonin (5HT) uptake in cortical slices, whereas citalopram and viloxazine were ineffective in this regard. Our results indicate that even if 5HT uptake and [3H]IMI binding sites are located on the same nerve terminals, they are differently modulated. Increased Vmax of the 5HT uptake process could be due to a rebound phenomenon after withdrawal from drugs that acutely inhibit 5HT uptake. The effect on [3H]IMI sites might be explained through either the agonist properties of the drugs towards these sites or the involvement of mechanisms still unknown.     

Decreased [H]hemicholinium binding to high-affinity choline uptake sites in aged rat brain

The binding of [³H]hemicholinium ([³H]HCh-3) to sodium-dependent high-affinity choline uptake sites provides a useful neuroanatomical and functional marker of the cholinergic system. We examined the autoradiographic distribution of [³H]HCh-3 binding sites in the forebrain of young (4–6 months) and old (32 months) rats. There was a widespread reduction of [³H]HCh-3 binding site density in the aged rat brain. This loss presented regional differences with maximal reduction in the medial and posterior striatum (55%) and in the dentate gyrus (47%), in limbic areas such as basolateral amygdala, tubercle olfactorium and piriform cortex the autoradiographic signal was about 25–30% lower. In aged hippocampus and cerebral cortex the density of [³H]HCh-3 binding sites was about 40% lower, the difference between young and senescent animals being less evident in the medial septum and basal nucleus. No significant alterations were observed in interpeduncular nucleus from old rats. These data are in agreement with the functional results obtained by measuring other cholinergic parameters in the aged rat and confirm the vulnerability of cholinergic system during aging     

应用流式细胞仪对肺癌细胞增殖活力的分析

本文应用流式细胞仪对35例肺癌、10例良性病变肺组织及10例正常肺组织的细胞增殖活力(S％)进行了分析,结果显示肺癌组织细胞增殖活力非常显著高于良性病变组,良性病变组细胞增殖活力亦非常显著高于正常组,提示检测细胞增殖活力对肺癌的诊断、筛选有一定意义。     

A new respiratory valve system for measuring oxygen uptake during swimming

We describe a new respiratory valve system with minimal dead space, which allows measurement of ventilation and oxygen uptake during swimming. The device offers considerable advantages in efficiency and accuracy over current equipment, and can be used in conjunction either with a miniaturized telemetry system for oxygen uptake measurement or with a conventional system. The valve has a low airflow resistance, a small dead space (15 ml), and an electrically operating, closed-circuit pump to remove excess water from the expiratory tube. The external form and the buoyancy of the valve have been hydrostatically and hydrodynamically designed to reduce drag and to ensure a correct mass in the water. To obtain this result a very sophisticated material, carbon fibre, has been utilized. Our studies showed that this respiratory system is ideal for obtaining valid and reliable values of oxygen uptake during swimming, even at high speed and in endurance swimming tests.     

细胞粘附分子在恶性肾肿瘤中的表达

采用斑点杂交和Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ杂交技术研究１２例恶性肾肿瘤组织中细胞间粘附分子和血管细胞粘附分子基因转录水平的表达。结果发现，细胞间粘附分子的阳性表达率为１００％，血管细胞粘附分子的阳性表达率为７５％（９／１２）。提示恶性肾肿瘤细胞中存在活化的细胞间粘附分子和血管细胞粘附分子基因，并可能影响肿瘤与宿主间的免疫反应。     

PET-CT在恶性肿瘤诊断中的初步应用

目的探讨PET-CT一体机在恶性肿瘤中的应用价值.方法收集已经明确诊断的全身不同部位的恶性肿瘤病例62例,经PET-CT检查后进行回顾性分析,采用目测和半定量分析方法.结果62例肿瘤病人共检出142个病灶,PET图像阳性率93.55%(58/62);PET图像阴性率6.45%(4/62);PET发现病灶而CT未完全发现病灶率19.4%(12/62);CT发现而PET未见浓聚率6.45%(4/62);原发灶未能找到率1.61%(1/62).标准化摄取值(SUV)大于2.5占78.2%(111/142);SUV2.5～2.0占14.8%(21/142);SUV小于2.0占7%(10/142).结论PET-CT与单纯PET,CT比较具有明显的优势,可以精确定位、定性,但PET-CT也有一定的局限性.