阿藿烯对四氯化碳所致大鼠肝纤维化的保护作用

目的探讨阿藿烯对四氯化碳(CCl4)所致大鼠肝纤维化的保护作用。方法将40只SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、低(25mg/kg)和高剂量(50mg/kg)阿藿烯组,用40%CCl4皮下注射制作肝纤维化模型,阿藿烯按低和高剂量分别连续灌胃6w后,检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性、总蛋白(TP)和清蛋白(ALB)含量、总胆红素(TBIL)和间接胆红素(DBIL)及肝纤维化的透明质酸(HA)和层粘连蛋白(LN)水平;检测肝组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和脂质过氧化(MDA)水平;并进行肝脏组织病理学检查。结果低、高剂量组阿藿烯均可显著降低血清ALT和AST活性、TBIL、DBIL、HA和LN水平(P<0.01或P<0.05);增加ALB含量(P<0.05);提高肝脏SOD活性和减少MDA含量(P<0.01);并明显改善肝脏的纤维化程度(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论阿藿烯能够减轻CCl4所致的大鼠肝纤维化作用,其机制可能与抗氧化作用有关。     

大豆异黄酮对脑缺血大鼠保护作用的研究

目的:建立大脑中动脉栓塞(MCAO)模型,观察大豆异黄酮(ISO)对脑缺血大鼠的保护作用。方法:健康成年SD大鼠随机分成6组:ISO低、中、高剂量组、VE组、模型组、假手术组。4w后前5组做MCAO模型,分别于造模后1h和6h磁共振检测抗氧化指标,用透射电镜进行神经细胞形态学观察。结果:与模型组相比,各ISO组大鼠血清SOD和GSH-PX活性、6h各兴趣区rADC、rDCavg、rFA值较高;血清MDA含量较低,差别均有统计学意义。ISO剂量与血清SOD和GSH-PX活性、6h各兴趣区rADC、rDCavg、rFA均呈正相关;而与血清MDA含量呈负相关。形态学观察显示,ISO高剂量组神经元细胞结构良好。结论:ISO可通过提高机体抗氧化能力对缺血性大脑损伤起到一定的保护作用,ISO低、中剂量组与VE组作用相近。     

Preparation,Characterization, Solubility,and Antioxidant Capacity of Ellagic Acid-Urea Complex

Ellagic acid (EA), a natural polyphenol found in berries, has high antioxidant capacity. This study aimed to improve EA solubility by complex formation with urea (UR) using solvent evaporation method and evaluate its solubility, antioxidant capacity, and physical properties. The solubility test (25 °C, 72 h) showed that the solubility of EVP (EA/UR = 1/1) was approximately two-fold higher than that of EA (7.13 µg/mL versus 3.99 µg/mL). Moreover, the IC₅₀ values of EA and EVP (EA/UR = 1/1) (1.50 µg/mL and 1.30 µg/mL, respectively) showed higher antioxidant capacity of EVP than that of EA. DSC analysis revealed that the UR peak at 134 °C disappeared, and a new endothermic peak was observed at approximately 250 °C for EVP (EA/UR = 1/1). PXRD measurements showed that the characteristic peaks of EA at 2θ = 12.0° and 28.0° and of UR at 2θ = 22.0°, 24.3°, and 29.1° disappeared and that new peaks were identified at 2θ = 10.6°, 18.7°, and 26.8° for EVP (EA/UR = 1/1). According to 2D NOESY NMR spectroscopy, cross-peaks were observed between the -NH and -OH groups, suggesting intermolecular interactions between EA and UR. Therefore, complexation was confirmed in EA/UR = 1/1 prepared by solvent evaporation, suggesting that it contributed to the improvement in solubility and antioxidant capacity of EA.     

小牛血清去蛋白注射液对局灶性脑缺血大鼠脑血管储备能力的影响研究

目的本文主要研究小牛血清去蛋白注射液对局灶性脑缺血大鼠脑血管储备能力的影响。方法随机将88只大鼠分为治疗组40只、缺血组40只、假手术组8只,治疗组在手术前的三天给予腹腔注射小牛血清去蛋白注射液,剂量为2毫升,一天一次,最后一次进药时间是手术前的五小时。在完成模后的三天内分别处死缺血组和治疗组,最后采取血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的免疫组化检测。结果在手术后缺血的三小时,治疗组逐渐出现阳性反应,各时间点脑组织表达明显多于缺血组和假手术组,具有统计意义（P〈0．05）。结论小牛血清去蛋白注射液可以提高局灶性脑缺血大鼠脑血管储备能力,对缺血性脑损伤具有保护功能。     

大型医院区域医疗合作模式强基层之路探索

本文以公立医院公益性、社会责任为切入点,围绕新医改“强基层”原则,分析某大医院 “社区卫生服务中心-县乡医院-省市医院”三位一体的区域医疗合作模式可行性及其帮扶体系,探讨区域医疗合作模式存在的问题,提出区域医疗合作联盟持续改进的建议。     

老年患者脑血管储备功能的血管危险因素分析

目的调查研究老年患者脑血管储备功能的血管危险因素。方法对我院68例老年患者临床资料进行回顾性分析。按照是否存在血管危险因素均分成存在危险因素的观察组与正常因素的对照组。结果观察组屏气指数（BHI）为（0．56±0．17）与对照组的（1．33±0．32）相比具有显著性的差异（P〈0．05）。结论老年患者存在血管危险因素时脑血管储备功能便会下降,高血压、糖尿病、高血脂以及吸烟习惯对患者的血管储备功能产生较大影响,应对其产生高度重视。     

吸烟对男性血清粘附分子和氧化应激的影响

目的分析吸烟对男性血清粘附分子和氧化应激的影响,为研究吸烟导致动脉粥样硬化和心血管功能障碍的发病机制提供流行病学依据。方法在2005年4~6月到某疾病控制中心体检的符合纳入标准的对象中随机抽取99名男性,调查其吸烟情况后根据分组标准分为:吸烟组43人,对照组56人,并分别检测其血清中可溶性细胞间粘附分子(sICAM-1)浓度、可溶性血管细胞粘附分子(sVCAM-1)浓度、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活力及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)水平。结果吸烟组血清中sICAM-1的浓度为(855±294)ng/mL,高于对照组[(661±285)ng/mL](P<0.01);吸烟组血清中T-AOC的浓度为(11.90±8.64)U/mL,低于对照组[(18.84±11.47)U/mL](P<0.01);血清中sVCAM-1的浓度及SOD的活力,两组比较差异无统计学意义。相关分析表明,血清中sICAM-1浓度与吸烟指数呈正相关(r=0.621,P<0.05)。结论吸烟对血清中粘附分子和氧化应激的影响有可能是吸烟导致动脉粥样硬化作用的机制之一。     

基于血清代谢组学分析热习服相关代谢产物及通路特征

目的：比较热习服与未习服人员血清中小分子代谢物差异,揭示人体热习服相关血清小分子代谢物特征。方法：以70例由温到热跨域作业人员为研究对象,以跨域后暴露于自然高温高湿环境作业或人工空调舒适环境作业为标准分为热习服组（n=40）和未习服组（n=30）。收集他们跨域后60d时清晨空腹血样,标准处理后采用液相色谱-串联质谱法对血清样本进行代谢组学检测,进一步使用Progenesis QI软件和ropls R包筛选两组人员的差异小分子代谢物,并进行KEGG通路富集度分析。结果：两组间年龄和BMI差异均无统计学意义。血清代谢组学检测共发现小分子代谢物1320个,未监督聚类分析能显著预测热习服组和未习服组。两组血清样本间浓度差异在1.5倍（p＜0.05）以上的小分子代谢物89个,其中57个在热习服组升高、32个在热习服组下降;进一步发现差异小分子代谢物主要富集于氨基酸代谢和甘油磷脂代谢等13条代谢通路,涉及色氨酸、甘氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、精氨酸和脯氨酸等通路。结论：热环境暴露下的热习服训练改变了人体血清小分子代谢物的组学特征,表现为氨基酸代谢水平增强,其可能和热耐力的维护有关。     

长三角地区外商直接投资的技术外溢与吸收效果——基于长江三角洲16个城市的面板数据分析

在长三角经济增长中,外商直接投资（FDI）起到了显著的推动作用,FDI的溢出效应是存在的。长江三角洲基础设施和科学事业经费的投入能够提高对FDI溢出效应的吸收能力,而人力资本投入对FDI溢出效应的吸收能力作用并不显著。基础设施形成的吸收效果仍然存在边际递增效应,而科学事业经费的投入的吸收效果存在边际递减效应。进一步提高外商直接投资的质量,加快长江三角洲先进制造业基地的建设,大力引进外资研发机构是今后长江三角洲地区利用外资的重点。     

The respiratory system as an exercise limiting factor in normal sedentary subjects

Summary The present study was undertaken to investigate the respiratory system as an exercise limiting factor. Breathing and cycle endurance (i.e. the time until exhaustion at a given performance level) as well as physical working capacity 170 (i.e. the exercise intensity corresponding to a heart rate of 170 beats -min^–1 on a cycle ergometer) were determined in four healthy sedentary subjects. Subsequently, the subjects trained their respiratory system for 4 weeks by breathing daily about 901 · min^–1 for 30 min. Otherwise they continued their sedentary lifestyle. Immediately after the respiratory training and 18 months later, all performance tests carried out at the beginning of the study were repeated. The respiratory training increased breathing endurance from 4.2 (SD 1.9) min to 15.3 (SD 3.8) min. Cycle endurance was improved from 26.8 (SD 5.9) min to 40.2 (SD 9.2) min whereas physical working capacity 170 remained essentially the same. During the endurance cycling test in the respiratory untrained state, the subjects continuously increased their ventilation up to hyperventilation [ventilation at exhaustion = 96.9 (SD 23.6) 1 · min^–1] while after the respiratory training they reached a respiratory steady-state without hyperventilation [ventilation at exhaustion = 63.3 (SD 14.5) 1 · min^–1]. The absence of this marked hyperventilation was the cause of the impressive increase of cycle endurance in normal sedentary subjects after respiratory training. The effects gained by the respiratory training were completely lost after 18 months. Our results indicated that the respiratory system was an exercise limiting factor during an endurance test in normal sedentary subjects.