银杏叶及葡萄籽提取物体外抑制蛋白糖化终末产物生成作用的研究

 目的 应用体外蛋白糖化反应系统,确定银杏叶及葡萄籽提取物抑制蛋白糖化终末产物生成的作用。方法 对照组将葡萄糖与牛血清白蛋白分别在STUOX；条件下共同孵育，实验组则加入不同剂量的银杏叶及葡萄籽提取物或氨基胍。利用荧光分光光度计对不同温度和时间培养条件下的样品测定，根据荧光强度确定蛋白糖化终末产物的生成量。结果 在本体外系统中，蛋白糖化终末产物的生成与孵育温度及时间呈正相关。银杏叶提取物及葡萄籽提取物在1.0~2.0 g.L_-1剂量范围内均可有效抑制蛋白糖化终末产物的生成，当药物浓度达2.0 g·L_-1时其抑制作用相当于同剂量的氨基胍。结论 具有明确 抗氧化作用的银杏叶提取物及葡萄籽提取物在体外可有效抑制蛋白糖化终末产物的生成。     

龙眼参对小鼠化学性肝损伤的保护作用及其机制研究

目的 :研究龙眼参对小鼠化学性肝损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法 :分别对四氯化碳、硫代乙酰胺和对乙酰氨基酚所致小鼠化学性肝损伤模型进行分组对照实验 ,并对各项相关指标进行测定和比较。结果 :与模型组比较 ,龙眼参治疗组ALT活性明显降低 ;肝脏细胞色素P450 及细胞色素b5 含量升高 ;肝组织丙二醛的含量显著降低 ;苯胺羟化酶及氨基比林 -N -去甲基酶活性增强 ;肝微粒体Ca2 + -ATP酶的活性明显降低 ;谷胱甘肽及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的水平明显提高。结论 :龙眼参对小鼠化学性肝损伤具有保护作用 ,其机制可能与其抗氧自由基、抑制脂质过氧化、诱导肝药酶活性和阻滞Ca2 +通道的作用有关。     

培高利特对帕金森病大鼠保护作用的实验研究

目的　探讨多巴胺受体激动剂培高利特 (pergolide)对帕金森病 (PD)模型大鼠的抗氧化作用及其机制。方法　Wistar大鼠随机分为 4组 (对照组和 3个实验组 ) ,实验组预先于腹腔内分别注射培高利特 (1 0mg·kg-1)、选择性D2 受体拮抗剂氨黄酰基苯甲酰胺化合物 (Sulpiride ,2 5mg·kg-1)及培高利特 +Sulpiride。各组预处理均 1次 /天 ,连续 7d后 ,每组大鼠各取 6只分离纹状体 ,测定抗氧化物SOD及GSH活性。各组所剩大鼠则通过立体定位注射 6 羟基多巴胺 (6 OHDA)制作PD模型 ,两周后比较各组阿朴吗啡诱导的旋转行为 ,并取损伤侧纹状体测定多巴胺 (DA)及其代谢产物多巴克 (DOPAC)、高香草酸 (HVA)的含量。结果　大鼠预先连续注射培高利特 7天 ,可明显增强纹状体SOD及GSH的活性 (P <0 0 5 ) ,并对抗 6 OHDA损伤后纹状体DA及其代谢产物含量的下降 (P <0 0 1) ,降低阿朴吗啡诱导的旋转行为 (P <0 0 5 )。而同时应用Sulpiride可抑制培高利特的促纹状体抗氧化作用 ,并消除其对DA能神经元的保护效应。结论　培高利特可通过增加纹状体抗氧化能力 ,对纹状体DA能神经元提供保护作用 ,其机制可能主要与刺激DAD2 受体有关。     

医院发展力模型体系及其意义

回顾了企业成长理论的发展过程 ,指出企业成长理论之不足在于只重视企业“具有的” ,而忽视了顾客“需要的”。结合医疗行业特点 ,认为目前医院综合实力评价模型也存在同样问题。提出了用医院发展力来评价医院未来发展的模型 ,其构成因素包括物力、人力、品牌竞争 3个方面 ,并论述了医院发展力作为评价医院发展模型的应用价值。     

Social aggregation and lateralised response to social stimuli in tadpoles (Bufo bufo): Influence of developmental stage

In previous studies several species of tadpoles showed a preference for using the left hemifield when approaching a conspecific and during fixation of their own mirror images. These lateral biases typically emerge 5 minutes after the placement of the animals in the test apparatus possibly due to variation in tadpoles' social propensity during the test. The aim of this study is to check whether lateralised response to social stimuli in tadpoles varies during their development. I compared tadpoles of three age classes from a few days after emergence from eggs to close to metamorphosis. In accordance with previous studies I found that tadpoles displayed a preference for the left hemifield when approaching a conspecific and that the bias emerged 5 minutes after placement in the test apparatus. No marked change with development was observed, yet the degree of laterality tended to decrease with age and tadpoles of intermediate age showed left-hemifield dominance during the test significantly earlier than the other two groups.     

Daily consumption of apple,pear and orange juice differently affects plasma lipids and antioxidant capacity of smoking and non-smoking adults

Abstract

Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse correlation between a fruit and vegetable-rich diet and cardiovascular diseases; this beneficial effect of fruits and vegetables is probably due to the presence of antioxidant phytochemicals. In contrast, cigarette smoking is a high risk factor for lung and heart diseases, associated with chronic oxidative stress. In the present study, the effect of the consumption of a pear, an apple and 200 ml orange juice, during 26 days, on total plasma antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lipid profile of chronic smokers and non-smoking healthy adults was analyzed. Fruit consumption increased TAC in non-smokers, but not in smokers. In non-smokers, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol increased significantly; while in smokers, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol decreased. We may conclude fruit/juice supplementation showed different effects, depending on the smoking habit: in non-smokers it increased TAC and cholesterol; in smokers it reduced cholesterol, whithout inducing a TAC increase.     

Pigment identification,antioxidant activity,and nutrient composition of Tinospora cordifolia (willd.) Miers ex Hook. f & Thoms fruit

The stem, leaf, and root of Tinospora cordifolia (willd.) have been highly exploited for medicinal preparations; however, the nutritional and nutraceutical potential of its attractive red berries (fruits) have not so far been studied. Pigments, berberine (107.0 mg/100 g) and lycopene (50.8 mg/100 g), were identified in the deseeded fruit. Total phenol content in the fruit was 3.2 mg gallic acid equivalent/g. The IC₅₀ of DPPH^√ (82, and 468 ppm) and OH^√ (100, and 1,000 ppm) scavenging activity, and the EC₅₀ of reducing power (2,616, and 1,472 ppm) of hexane and methanol extracts, respectively, were observed. Oxygen radical absorbance capacities of the fruit extracts (150 and 300 ppm) were 1,107 and 2,614 μM trolox equivalent/g, respectively. Nutrient composition including carbohydrate (18.4%), proteins (1.5%), lipids (6%) of which ～62% was unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins like ascorbic acid (0.24 μg), niacin (0.7 mg), and tocopherols (2.4 mg) in 100 g fruits were determined. Potassium content was 1.2 g/100 g dry tissue of berries. These findings show that components of T. cordifolia fruit could be bioactive and used in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics.     

Asbestos exposure and tuberculous pleurisy as developmental causes of progressive unilateral upper-lung field pulmonary fibrosis radiologically consistent with pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis

BackgroundUnilateral upper-lung field pulmonary fibrosis (upper-PF), which is radiologically consistent with pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis, develops after thoracic surgery. In most patients with unilateral upper-PF, aberrant intra-/extra thoracic air commonly emerges and an autopsy shows chronic pleuritis, which indicates that pleural involvement is associated with upper-PF development. If so, there may be patients with unilateral upper-PF who have a history of pleural involvement, including tuberculous pleurisy (TP) or asbestos exposure (AE). This study aimed to examine this supposition.MethodsWe examined the radiological reports of all consecutive patients from 2012 to 2018 to investigate whether there were patients having unilateral upper-PF and a history of TP or AE.ResultsEight patients were included in the study. Five patients had a history of TP, and the remaining three had that of AE. All patients were men and had respiratory symptoms, and seven patients presented with restrictive ventilatory impairment. The interval between TP or last AE and upper-PF development was long, with a median of over 20 years. The upper-PF lesion was commonly located in the right lung, and aberrant intrathoracic air was observed in five patients during their clinical course. Additionally, the upper-PF lesion transformed into a cystic lesion in six patients, which resulted in Aspergillus infection in two patients. The prognosis was poor, with a median overall survival of 38 months.ConclusionsUnilateral upper-PF developed even in patients with a history of pleural involvement. Our results indicate that pleural involvement plays an important role in the development of unilateral upper-PF.     

Protective effect of Pumpkin seed extract on sperm characteristics,biochemical parameters and epididymal histology in adult male rats treated with Cyclophosphamide

Cancer treatment with cyclophosphamide (CP) may result in reproductive toxicity as one of its side effects. The pumpkin seed is a rich natural source of antioxidant. We have assessed the possible protective efficacy of pumpkin seed extract on sperm characteristics, biochemical parameters and epididymal histology of CP‐treated rats. Male adult Wistar rats were categorised into four groups. Group 1 served as control and received intraperitoneal (IP) injection of isotonic saline solution. Group 2 rats were treated with CP by IP injection in a single dose of 100 mg/kg body weight, only once. Group 3 and 4 received CP plus 300 and 600 mg/kg pumpkin seed extract respectively. Six weeks after treatment, sperm characteristics, biochemical parameters and histopathological changes were examined. Results showed that, sperm characteristics in CP‐treated rats were significantly decreased. Biochemical analysis results showed that the co‐administration of 300 mg pumpkin seed extract could increase the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) level significantly. In CP‐treated rats, histopathological changes such as vacuolisation, disorganisation and separation of epididymal epithelium were observed as well. Interestingly, pumpkin seed extract could improve the above‐mentioned parameters remarkably in CP‐treated rats. Our findings indicated that pumpkin seed extract might be used as protective agent against CP‐induced reproductive toxicity.