优选前后精子顶体酶活性与IVF受精率相关性的研究

目的探讨优选处理前和处理后精子顶体酶活性的变化,及与体外受精(IVF)受精率的相关性。方法采用分光光度比色法,对接受IVF治疗的53例不育夫妇男方精液,分别测定优选处理前和处理后精子顶体酶活性,分析其与IVF受精率的相关性。结果优选处理后精子顶体酶活性与优选前比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);达到常规IVF标准并选择常规IVF治疗者,优选后的精子顶体酶活性与IVF受精率有相关性,精子顶体酶活性降低与IVF受精率降低有关。结论精子顶体酶活性与IVF受精率有相关性,并且通过精子顶体酶活性可以预测IVF受精率。     

Antiproliferative Activity Against MCF‐7 Breast Cancer Cells by Diamino‐Triazaspirodiene Antifolates

Two triazaspirodienes, having similar phenoxy propyloxy side chain, were identified as potent mammalian dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors; one having a 6,5‐spiro bicyclic ring system (IC₅₀ = 2.3 nm ) and the other a 6,6‐spiro bicyclic system (IC₅₀ = 6.9 nm ). They also showed more than 50% antiproliferative activity against the MCF‐7 breast cancer cells at 20 μm . This study demonstrated the potential lead of the diamino‐triazaspirodienes in anticancer chemotherapeutical agents’ discovery.     

The effect of bacterial melanin on electrical activity of neurons of the substantia nigra under conditions of GABA generation

The changes in spike activity of single neurons of the compact part of the substantia nigra, evoked by nucleus caudatus stimulation under conditions of long-term registration of the single and multiple, isolated and combined actions of GABA, GABA-amide, glutamine, and ethanolamine-O-sulfate (EOS) were studied in albino rats. Inhibition of poststimulus activity under GABA action was recorded and the inhibitory effect of GABA-amide was revealed. Primary excitatory and subsequent inhibitory effects of glutamine in combination with EOS were shown. The subsequent administration of bacterial melanin, synthesized by a mutant culture of Bacillus thuringiensis (BT-M) evoked a clear-cut and prolonged excitatory reaction during all the combined actions of GABA, GABA-amide, glutamine, and EOS. Preliminary administration of BT-M abolished the inhibitory poststimulus effects of GABA, GABA-amide, and EOS, as well as glutamine-induced excitation.     

Physical activity consultation for people with Type 2 diabetes: evidence and guidelines.

Physical activity is an important, but often underused, therapeutic strategy within diabetes care. To date, little is known about the best way to promote physical activity in diabetes care. Physical activity consultation is an intervention designed to promote physical activity behaviour change. This article provides guidelines on how to conduct a physical activity consultation with people who have Type 2 diabetes, and reviews the evidence surrounding the effectiveness of this intervention in this population. The trans-theoretical model is the underlying theory of behaviour change for the physical activity consultation intervention. The review identifies research which supports the use of this model for understanding physical activity behaviour in people with Type 2 diabetes. The review outlines a number of modifiable variables associated with physical activity behaviour change in this population. How each of these variables is addressed within the guidelines for conducting a physical activity consultation is identified. Finally, limited but consistent research highlights the effectiveness of physical activity consultation for promoting physical activity in people with Type 2 diabetes.     

Assessment of anti-inflammatory activity of Poria cocos in sodium lauryl sulphate-induced irritant contact dermatitis

OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of Poria cocos (PoCo) on experimentally induced irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) in a repeated sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) irritation model. METHODS: The anti-irritative effect of PoCo was evaluated with a visual score and quantified by non-invasive bioengineering methods, namely chromametry and transepidermal water loss. Three concentrations of PoCo in base cream DAC (amphiphilic emollient; German pharmacopoeia) were tested in a 4-day repetitive irritation test using SLS. RESULTS: A statistically significant anti-inflammatory activity was observed for PoCo by all three methods when applied in parallel to the induction period of ICD. Application of PoCo after induction of ICD once a day for 5 days, starting just at the end of 4 days, was without any effect. CONCLUSION: An anti-inflammatory efficacy of PoCo on the elicitation phase of the ICD induced by repeated SLS test could be observed and quantified by three independent, non-invasive biophysical assessment parameters. This effect can be explained by its influence on pro-inflammatory enzymes, namely phospholipase A2.     

余甘子功能食品的开发及其类SOD活力测定

余甘子是一种具有较高的食用和药用价值的野生植物资源，风味独特，含有丰富的类SOD活性物质和其他多种具有生物活性的物质，具有清除自由基、抗肿瘤、抗衰老等保健作用。作者提出了余甘予保健口服液的生产工艺流程及配方，并采用改良的Marklund方法测定了类SOD的活力，结果较为满意。     

不同微生物诱导家蝇幼虫表达抗菌肽的特性

研究不同微生物诱导家蝇幼虫表达的抗菌肽特性.用3种不同的病源菌通过针刺感染的方法诱导家蝇幼虫表达抗菌肽,通过Sephadex G25分离,用Hult mark改进法和抑菌圈测定法作抑菌试验,用毛细管电泳（CE）分析不同微生物诱导得到的抗菌肽样品差异,检测抗菌肽的热稳定性和酸碱耐受性.发现不同微生物诱导产生的家蝇抗菌肽具有广谱抑菌性,但不同样品对不同病源菌抑菌活性有差异,不同测定抑菌效果的方法对抑菌结果有影响,各种抗菌肽样品CE蛋白谱具有明显不同.抗菌肽样品都具有热稳定性和酸碱耐受性.说明不同微生物诱导产生的家蝇抗菌肽类型以及抗菌肽含量与诱导源有关,抗菌肽为家蝇幼虫体内固有成分,诱导增加了抗菌肽的表达量同时刺激新抗菌肽的产生.用志贺氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌诱导家蝇幼虫可产生较多含量高活性好的抗菌肽.     

管碟法测定Nisin效价

对管碟法测定Nisin效价的条件进行了研究,考察了几个参数的影响,得出了Nisin测定的最佳条件:90mm培养皿中培养基加量为15mL,Na2HPO4·12H2O质量浓度1g/dL,菌悬液浓度109CFU/mL,琼脂质量浓度1g/dL,培养基pH值7.0,牛津杯中样品加液量100μL.在此条件下,Nisin效价在5～100IU/mL,其对数值与抑菌圈直径有较好的线性关系.     

微波照射对小鼠海马细胞膜ATPase活性和离子通道的影响

目的从电生理、酶学角度探讨微波照射对海马细胞的影响机理。方法用 2 4 5 0MHz连续波照射理疗机为照射源 ,以小白鼠为对象 ,观察微波照射强度为 1 0mW /cm2 时小鼠海马细胞膜Na+,K+ AT Pase、Ca2 +,Mg2 + ATPase活性、电压门控型Na+、K+、Ca2 +通道的变化情况 ,分别用组织化学染色法和膜片钳方法测定ATPase活性和离子通道功能。结果 1 )照射组海马Na+,K+ ATPase活性与对照组无显著差别 ,Ca2 +,Mg2 + ATPase活性比对照组显著降低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;2 )照射组静息电位未发生显著变化 ,电压门控型Na+、K+、Ca2 +电流的诱导发生率显著地低于对照组 ,Na+电流峰值所在膜电位向去极化方向偏移 ,Na+电流衰减速率减慢 ,A电流的发生率显著低于对照。结论 2 4 5 0MHz微波照射小鼠 ,在 1 0mW /cm2 时 ,细胞的生存不会受影响 ,但海马细胞膜Ca2 +,Mg2 + ATPase活性受到抑制 ,电压门控型Na+、K+、Ca2 +离子通道受到损害 ,有可能影响学习记忆功能     

Effects of cimetidine on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of losartan,an AT1-selective non-peptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist

This was a 2-period randomized, crossover study in 8 healthy males to determine the effects of cimetidine (400 mg q.i.d. for 6 days) on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist, losartan (100 mg). Cimetidine increased the AUC for losartan 18% without affecting the AUC for E-3174, the active metabolite of losartan. The increase in plasma renin activity following losartan was not affected by cimetidine (maximum mean increases 12.6 and 12.1 ng Ang I·ml^–1·h^–1 without and with cimetidine, respectively). These results indicate that cimetidine does not appear to alter the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of losartan to a clinically significant extent.