全文获取类型
收费全文 | 97781篇 |
免费 | 8592篇 |
国内免费 | 4789篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 717篇 |
儿科学 | 2073篇 |
妇产科学 | 1635篇 |
基础医学 | 11287篇 |
口腔科学 | 2159篇 |
临床医学 | 9716篇 |
内科学 | 15853篇 |
皮肤病学 | 1414篇 |
神经病学 | 7615篇 |
特种医学 | 1826篇 |
外国民族医学 | 31篇 |
外科学 | 7888篇 |
综合类 | 16633篇 |
现状与发展 | 13篇 |
预防医学 | 8559篇 |
眼科学 | 2852篇 |
药学 | 9297篇 |
32篇 | |
中国医学 | 3480篇 |
肿瘤学 | 8082篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 275篇 |
2023年 | 1206篇 |
2022年 | 2674篇 |
2021年 | 3520篇 |
2020年 | 3141篇 |
2019年 | 2886篇 |
2018年 | 2849篇 |
2017年 | 3250篇 |
2016年 | 3533篇 |
2015年 | 3463篇 |
2014年 | 6146篇 |
2013年 | 6758篇 |
2012年 | 6311篇 |
2011年 | 6970篇 |
2010年 | 5851篇 |
2009年 | 5470篇 |
2008年 | 5695篇 |
2007年 | 5680篇 |
2006年 | 5112篇 |
2005年 | 4533篇 |
2004年 | 3835篇 |
2003年 | 3315篇 |
2002年 | 2746篇 |
2001年 | 2368篇 |
2000年 | 1986篇 |
1999年 | 1709篇 |
1998年 | 1462篇 |
1997年 | 1253篇 |
1996年 | 1126篇 |
1995年 | 1024篇 |
1994年 | 834篇 |
1993年 | 653篇 |
1992年 | 576篇 |
1991年 | 442篇 |
1990年 | 411篇 |
1989年 | 310篇 |
1988年 | 245篇 |
1987年 | 193篇 |
1986年 | 160篇 |
1985年 | 253篇 |
1984年 | 205篇 |
1983年 | 126篇 |
1982年 | 178篇 |
1981年 | 100篇 |
1980年 | 114篇 |
1979年 | 65篇 |
1978年 | 43篇 |
1977年 | 33篇 |
1976年 | 27篇 |
1975年 | 23篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
91.
H. Sonnenberg 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1990,4(4):354-357
The greater than 40-fold range of voluntary salt intake in humans requires corresponding adjustments in renal excretion to maintain balance. Although many mechanisms have been implicated in the regulation of salt output by the kidney, surprisingly little consideration has been given to their quantitative significance and possible interaction. This survey summarizes the effects of changes in glomerular filtration rate, proximal peritubular physical factors, and plasma concentrations of aldosterone and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), singly and in combination, on the level of salt excretion. Contrary to expectation, even large increases in filtration or decreases in proximal reabsorption have only minor natriuretic effects, due to constancy of fractional reabsorption in downstream nephron segments. Lack of aldosterone release increases salt excretion as much or more than the upstream mechanisms, whereas ANF-induced inhibition of reabsorption in the medullary collccting duct has the largest effect. It may be concluded, therefore, that the potency of these natriuretic factors increases with distance along the nephron, even though each is operating on a progressively small tubular load. However, none of the mechanisms, in isolation, is sufficient to explain salt balance over the range of voluntary intake. Combination of factors demonstrates synergism rather than simple additivity, resulting in more than enough reserve capacity for salt excretion. 相似文献
92.
EPF单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株的建立 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文用纯化的早孕因子免疫BALB/C小鼠,通过鼠-鼠杂交瘤技术,成功地建立了2株分泌EPF单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞。经检测,它们所分泌的抗体亚类均为IgG1,毁交瘤染色体数目100-106条,EISA检测诱生腹水抗体效价为1:1.28*10^5,连续培养生物学性状稳定。抗EPF抗原的单克隆抗体的建立,为深入研究EPF的生物学性质、特征提供了有力的工具。 相似文献
93.
Abstract: The effects of pyridoxalated hemoglobin polyoxyethylene conjugate (PHP) and stroma-free hemoglobin (SFH) on vascular responsiveness to various vasoactive substances were examined in isolated perfused rat kidneys. The kidneys isolated from rats were perfused with 6% PHP, 6% SFH, and 6% hydroxyethylstarch (HES) solution at a constant flow rate. Vascular responsiveness to acetylcholine (ACh), nitroglycerin (NG), norepinephrine (NE), and angiotensin-II (ANG-II) was examined by measuring the perfusion pressure (PP). Effects of inhibition of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) by NG -monomethyl L-arginine (L-NMMA) on NE-induced and ANG-II-induced renal vascular responses were examined. ACh and NG induced a dose-dependent decrease in perfusion pressure (PP) in all groups. NE and ANG-II induced an increase in PP in all groups, but NE-induced and ANG-II-induced responses in the PHP-perfused and SFH-perfused groups were significantly larger than those in the HES-perfused group. L-NMMA did not alter vascular responsiveness to NE and ANG-II. These results indicate that PHP and SFH do not inhibit EDRF induced by ACh, but hemoglobin moiety per se does augment the vascular responsiveness to NE and ANG-II in the isolated perfused rat kidney. 相似文献
94.
Association of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression with Tumor Angiogenesis and with Early Relapse in Primary Breast Cancer 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Masakazu Toi Seigo Hoshina Toshiaki Takayanagi Takeshi Tominaga 《Cancer science》1994,85(10):1045-1049
Angiogenesis is an independent prognostic indicator in breast cancer. In this report, the relationship between expression of vascular endothclial growth factor (VEGF; a selective mitogen for endothelial cells) and the microvessel density was examined in 103 primary breast cancers. The expression of VEGF was evaluated by immunocytochemical staining using anti-VEGF antibody. The microvessel density, which was determined by immunostaining for factor VIII antigen, in VEGF-rich tumors was clearly higher than that in VEGF-poor tumors ( P <0.01). There was a good correlation between VEGF expression and the increment of microvessel density. Furthermore, postoperative survey demonstrated that the relapse-free survival rate of VEGF-rich tumors was significantly worse than that of VEGF-poor tumors. It was suggested that the expression of VEGF is closely associated with the promotion of angiogenesis and with early relapse in primary breast cancer. 相似文献
95.
96.
KILL AND CURE THE HOPE AND REALITY OF VIRUS INACTIVATION 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
CHRISTOPHER PROWSE 《Vox sanguinis》1994,67(S3):191-196
97.
98.
99.
A recent large increase in Caesarean section (CS) in Italy was the initial stimulus for a study to identify risk factors for CS and, if possible, to suggest strategies to counteract the rise. The study was conducted in three hospitals where a wide range of individual variables was collected from the clinical records and from personal interviews. Crude CS rates and odds ratios were evaluated for each single variable while logistic regression has been used to investigate possible confounding factors. The study involved 1316 consecutive deliveries. Crude CS rates were 29.4%, 15.7% and 16.1%. Variables identified as high risk factors were pre-eclampsia, previous CS, breech and other non-vertex presentations. Antenatal care under an obstetrician working in the same hospital, a low number of antenatal consultations, previous miscarriages, offer (by obstetrician) and request (by women) for CS showed significantly high odds ratios (ORs). Previous live births was strongly negatively associated with CS. No relationship between type of delivery and social status was observed while a physician factor was detected in all three hospitals where rates for different physicians ranged from 0% to 52.8%. Apart from the main medical indications for Caesarean section (previous CS, breech presentation), the results seem to indicate that individual practice style may be an important determinant of the wide variation in the rates of Caesarean delivery. While this may have been suspected before this study, these results are the first hard data to indicate that, in Italy, CS is widely performed for non-medical reasons. 相似文献
100.
农村健康保险的精算体系 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文提出了我国农村健康保险的精算体系和测算保险费、管理费、储备金、预防保健费、保险因子、增加系数、医药费及其补偿比的实用方法。 相似文献