浅谈威灵仙、白芥子用于穴位贴敷治疗外伤关节肿痛

应用威灵仙、白芥子两味中药,采用穴位贴敷疗法,治疗外伤致膝、踝、肘、腕等部位关节肿痛及软组织损伤取得了满意的疗效,临床操作方便,值得临床广泛推广。     

In vitro Anti‐diabetic Activity and Chemical Characterization of an Apolar Fraction of Morus alba Leaf Water Extract

The tea from the white mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf is a worldwide known traditional medicine of type II diabetes. Here, we report the investigation of the dichloromethane‐soluble fraction obtained in a 0.24% m/m yield from the hot water extract of mulberry leaves. A significant, dose‐dependent activity was found by means of the 24‐h glucose consumption of fully differentiated adipocytes both in the absence and presence of insulin. The fraction was characterized by HPLC‐DAD, GC‐MS and GC‐FID. The main constituent (40.3% by means of GC‐FID) was isolated and identified as loliolide by EIMS, HRESIMS and NMR spectroscopy. In the active fraction benzyl alcohol, ethyl benzoate, t‐cinnamic acid, p‐hydroxyacetophenone, t‐coniferyl alcohol and synapil alcohol were also identified by GC‐MS and quantified by GC‐FID (0.7, 1.3, 1.5, 2.9, 7.5 and 2.6%, respectively). Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

白花丹参根制剂对胃癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的:研究白花丹参根制剂对体外培养的人胃癌细胞BGC823增殖和凋亡的影响.方法:用不同浓度白花丹参根制剂处理胃癌细胞BGC823后,噻唑蓝(MTT)检测细胞的相对存活率,流式细胞仪Annexin V/PI双染法检测BGC823细胞凋亡,激光扫描共聚焦显微镜检测细胞形态.对结果进行统计分析,均数比较用t检验.结果:不同浓度白花丹参根制剂作用于BGC823细胞后,细胞的存活率明显下降且呈剂量依赖性(0.4 g/L:91.7%±10.6%;0.8g/L:66.8%±5.1%;1 g/L:57.5%±9.6%;1.5g/L:32.6%±7.3%;2 g/L:29.4%±9.4%).镜下可见凋亡细胞典型形态,流式细胞术分析表明经过白花丹参根制剂处理后早期凋亡细胞数和晚期凋亡细胞数与对照组相比均显著增加(2.950%±1.575% vs 4.105%±2.393%,P＜0.05;3.848%±2.264% vs 21.465%±6.474%,P＜0.05).结论:白花丹参根制剂能有效地抑制胃癌细胞增生和诱导细胞凋亡.     

Phenol content,antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of mangrove plants in Micronesia

Objective:To find out and compare the in vitro antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of two species of mangrove plants.Methods:Mangrove samples were harvested at the shoreline on the island of Weno,Chuuk State in Micronesia.The phenol content,antioxidant activity(based on DPPH-free radical scavenging)and tyrosinase inhibitory activity in different tissues(leaves,barks and roots)of Rhizophora stylosa(R.stylosa)and Sonneratia alba(S.alba),collected from the island of Weno.Results:Total phenol content ranged from 4.87 to 11.96 mg per g of freeze dried samples.The highest antioxidant activity was observed in R.styiosa bark(85.5%).The highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity was found in S.alba bark.Also,total phenol content and antioxidant activity were higher in methanol extracts than in aqueous extracts.Conclusions:Taken together,the results of this study proved that mangroves can be excellent sources of antioxidant compounds.     

The role of polar phytocomplexes on anticonvulsant effects of leaf extracts of Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown chemotypes

Objectives The purpose of the present work was to characterize the pharmacological profile of different L. alba chemotypes and to correlate the obtained data to the presence of chemical constituents detected by phytochemical analysis. Methods Essential oils from each L. alba chemotype (LP1—LP7) were characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) and extracted non‐volatile compounds were analysed by HPLC and GC‐MS. The anticonvulsant actions of the extracted compounds were studied in pentylenetetrazole‐induced clonic seizures in mice and their effect on motor coordination was studied using the rota‐rod test in rats. The synaptosomes and synaptic membranes of the rats were examined for the influence of LP3 chemotype extract on GABA uptake and binding experiments. Key findings Behavioural parameters encompassed by the pentylenetetrazole test indicated that 80% ethanolic extracts of LP1, LP3 and LP6 L. alba chemotypes were more effective as anticonvulsant agents. Neurochemical assays using synaptosomes and synaptic membranes showed that L. alba LP3 chemotype 80% ethanolic extract inhibited GABA uptake and GABA binding in a dose‐dependent manner. HPLC analysis showed that LP1, LP3 and LP6 80% ethanolic extracts presented a similar profile of constituents, differing from those seen in LP2, LP4, LP5 and LP7 80% ethanolic extracts, which exhibited no anticonvulsant effect. GC‐MS analysis indicated the occurrence of phenylpropanoids in methanolic fractions obtained from LP1, LP3 and LP6 80% ethanolic extracts and also the accumulation of inositol and flavonoids in hydroalcoholic fractions. Conclusions Our results suggest that the anticonvulsant properties shown by L. alba might be correlated to the presence of a complex of non‐volatile substances (phenylpropanoids, flavonoids and/or inositols), and also to the volatile terpenoids (β‐myrcene, citral, limonene and carvone), which have been previously validated as anticonvulsants.     

Pitfalls in retromuscular mesh repair for incisional hernia: The importance of the “fatty triangle”

Open retromuscular mesh repair has become a standard procedure in incisional hernia repair. This technique led to a significant decrease of recurrences. Recurrences after this technique typically occur at the upper mesh border and are a result of the technical complexity of reaching the postulated underlay of 5 cm in the region of the linea alba. We performed an anatomical study in human corpses to investigate the abdominal wall with its different structures, with emphasis on the overlap of the mesh under the linea alba. The overlap can be achieved by incision of the posterior lamina of the rectus sheath, on both sides close to the linea alba. The incision opens the preperitoneal space and appears in the shape of a fatty triangle. The anterior lamina of the rectus sheath above the hernia defect remains intact and facilitates a sufficient thrust bearing for a retromuscular mesh implantation. Knowledge of the anatomy and preparation of the fatty triangle enables a mesh positioning according to the principles of retromuscular mesh repair.     

桑树的黄酮类化学成分及药理研究进展

目的介绍桑树中的黄酮类成分及药理研究进展。方法以国内外发表的文献为依据,从化学成分、药理作用方面对桑树中黄酮类成分进行了综述。结果桑树中的黄酮类成分具有多方面的药理活性。结论桑树中黄酮类成分具有很好的研发和应用前景。     

高频彩色多普勒超声在白线疝诊断中的应用

目的探讨研究高频彩色多普勒超声在白线疝诊断中的应用价值。 方法回顾性分析2007年1月至2014年12月解放军总医院24例经外科手术证实为白线疝患者的临床资料和声像图表现。 结果术前高频彩色多普勒超声检查发现,疝的发生部位均位于剑突与脐孔之间的腹壁中线处,腹白线缺损处（疝环）直径0.4～2.8 cm,疝囊大小（1.1 cm×0.3 cm×1.0 cm）～（8.0 cm×3.1 cm×7.2 cm）,疝囊形态多不规则,疝囊内回声因内容物不同而表现不同,主要分为3类,第1类内容物为腹膜外脂肪,声像图表现为较均匀或不均匀的低回声,第2类内容物主要为网膜,声像图表现为中等稍低回声,第3类内容物主要为肠管,声像图表现为疝囊内可见肠管样回声,动态观察并可见其蠕动。 结论高频彩色多普勒超声可以清楚地显示腹白线的连续性情况、测量缺损的直径、疝囊的大小、判断疝的内容物以及有无嵌顿疝等情况,并具备无损伤、廉价、可重复性好、可动态观察等优势,对于白线疝的诊断有很好的敏感性和特异性,因此对白线疝的临床诊断具有非常重要的价值。