某蓄电池厂防治铅危害效果的动态分析

对４３２名铅作业工人３０余年观察结果，蓄电池厂采用卫生技术措施和先进生产工艺，使铅浓度由超标数百倍降至０．０４２ｍｇ／ｍ３（铅烟）和０．０８５ｍｇ／ｍ３（尘），接近国家卫生标准，从而使铅中毒检出率由高达２８．３％降到无中毒发生。表明这些措施是根治铅危害的根本措施。证明ＧＢＪ－７９卫生标准对蓄电池行业是适用可行的。为更符合我国经济状况和企业实际情况，建议采用“时间加权平均浓度”等其它方法，更可确切地反映有害作业场所的卫生状况。     

两种方法拔除下颌阻生智齿的临床研究

目的　对比高速涡轮钻法与传统的劈冠法在中、低位下颌阻生智齿拔除术中的临床效果 ,评价涡轮钻法的临床可行性和优越性。方法　对 1 1 6例中、低位近中或水平阻生的下颌智齿 ,随机采用劈冠法 (对照组 )或高速涡轮钻法 (实验组 )去除阻力两种方法拔除 ,进行临床观察 ,记录智齿拔除时间 ,术后患者疼痛程度、张口受限程度及干槽症的发生情况。结果　实验组手术时间明显比对照组手术时间短 ,(P<0 .0 5 )。两组患者术后疼痛程度和张口受限程度的构成比存在显著性差异 ,(P <0 .0 1 )。两组干槽症的发生率有显著性差异 ,(P <0 .0 5 ) ,实验组明显低于对照组。结论　高速涡轮钻法拔除下颌阻生智齿能显著缩短手术时间 ,减轻患者术后并发症 ,值得临床推广。     

The Effect of Metal Detector Gates on Implanted Permanent Pacemakers

The effect of metal detector security gates, such as are used in airports, was tested in 103 nonselected pacemaker patients. Various types of single and dual chamber units were examined, using telemetry during the test. Pulse rate and duration were measured immediately before and after the procedure. No ill effect was seen on any of the units tested, pacemaker inhibition was not observed, and programmability was not affected. Metal detector security gates have no effect on implanted permanent pacemakers.     

Mesure des aérosols fongiques dans l'air : utilisation de l'ergostérol

The aim of this study was to develop a method to evaluate the level of airborne indoor fungal exposure. To this end, we have adapted and applied a biomass assay method. Using liquid phase chromatography (HPLC), a specific component of the fungal cell membranes (ergosterol) was measured. This method allowed us to identify this substance and to detect it to a limit of 40 ng/ml (n = 33, σ = 5). When used in association with a rotating foam air sampler, it was possible to measure the airborne fungal contamination with a detection limit of 0.4 ng/m³, corresponding to a theoretical value of 150 spores/m³. Measurement of ergosterol carried out at different indoor sites showed that this method can be used to evaluate different types of exposure of individuals to airborne fungal contamination.     

A Longitudinal Analysis of the Efficacy of Environmental Interventions on Asthma-Related Quality of Life and Symptoms Among Children in Urban Public Housing

In an environmental intervention study in public housing, we examined monthly Juniper Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life (QOL) Questionnaires for 51 children. Longitudinal analysis and spline models were used to identify time periods with significant improvements in QOL to inform judgments about causality. We found significant improvements in QOL, with moderate improvements before environmental interventions, increased rates of improvement immediately after, and reduced rates more than 5 months post-intervention. Effect modification analyses identified high-risk subpopulations and emphasized the importance of environmental, social, and economic conditions. Our results demonstrate the value of longitudinal techniques in evaluating the benefits of environmental interventions for asthma.     

车间空气中奥克托金的测定方法研究

奥克托金经碱水解产生亚硝酸根，再以盐酸萘乙二胺分光光度法进行测定。对实验条件用正交试验进行了优选。方法的检出限为０．５μｇ／ｍ￣３、当奥克托金含量为０．５～１５．０μｇ时，相对标准偏差为４．４％（３．８％～５．３％）；准确度（回收率）为９７．３％（９２．０％～１０５．０％）；洗脱率为９７．７％（９２．０％～１０８．０％）。通过验证试验和现场试验，该方法符合职业卫生工作要求。     

减压性血管内气泡状态与微循环状态的关系

为探讨气泡不能栓塞血管和血管内气泡状态取决于循环系统功能的证据，对３５只豚鼠加压，在压缩空气环境，分别暴露２５～１５０ｍｉｎ然后减至常压后，对存活的３３只动物的球结膜耳背和下肢皮下血管显微观察。结果１００％动物的耳背，皮下动，静脉中和１６只动物球结膜或虹膜动脉中观察到数目不等，形态各异，大小不一，甚至充满血管的气泡。气泡的流向，流速，流态与血液一致，可逆流，摆流，缓流。气泡快速流动时无形态感，流至     

Analysis of airborne radon in an ultra-low background experiment

The contribution of ²²²Rn to the background in a low background experiment with a germanium detector has been estimated. We have also checked the efficacy of a standard radon cleaning system. The cleaning reduces the radon concentration two orders of magnitude with respect to the air in the laboratory. The residual ²²²Rn represents at most 12.5% of the background in the low energy region, a value low enough for the purpose of our experiment. A detailed study of the radioactive background is presented.     

煤烟型大气污染对儿童呼吸系统疾病及症状影响研究

采用现场流行病学调查 ,对太原市大气污染程度不同的 3个地区的小学生进行了健康问卷调查和五官检查 ,研究结果表明 :重 (中 )污染区儿童鼻炎、咽喉炎、扁桃体炎发病率分别大于相对清洁区 ,3个研究区域比较差异有极显著性 (P <0 0 1) ;儿童呼吸道症状的发生率和呼吸道疾病患病率表现为重污染区和中污染区较为接近 ,但明显高于相对清洁区 ,且有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。Logistic分析结果显示儿童咳嗽、咳痰症状发生的危险性表现为重度污染区是相对清洁区的 1 6 4～ 2 92倍 ,中度污染区是相对清洁区的 1 83～2 2 7倍。儿童呼吸系统疾病发生的危险性表现为重度污染区是相对清洁区的 2 6 2～ 5 6 8倍 ,中度污染区是相对清洁区的 1 40～ 4 46倍。提示太原市煤烟型大气污染对儿童呼吸系统产生了一定危害     

室内CO污染对孕妇COHb和非特异性免疫功能的影响

对长春市冬季不同采暖方式的居室ＣＯ污染状况作了调查，并对居住的孕妇血中ＣＯＨｂ、唾液溶菌酶和唾液ＳＩｇＡ含量作了检测。结果表明：燃煤组居室空气ＣＯ浓度显著高于暖气组；其孕妇血中ＣＯＨｂ含量也明显高于暖气组，而唾液溶菌酶和ＳＩｇＡ含量较暖气组明显降低。对同组的孕妇与丈夫各项指标进行比较，结果发现燃煤组孕妇唾液溶菌酶和ＳＩｇＡ明显低于同组丈夫，表明孕妇作为敏感人群，其健康更易受到危害