Study on Relevance of Endothelin to Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Associated with Long-Term Subdermal Implants Use

Objective To investigate the relationship between estradiol, progesterone and endothelin (ET) and abnormal uterine bleeding after using sub-dermal contraceptive implant Materials & methods A prospective self-control clinical trial was conducted in 29 women in the self-control group. Blood samples were obtained on four occasions across the different phases of menstrual cycle before and after using implant. A blood sample was taken for a single determination in another 59 women in the already-use implant group. Plasma of estradiol, progesterone and endothelin were determined by using radioimmunoassays (RIA) in both groups.Results The level of estradiol and progesterone had no significant differences in women before and after using implant in self-control group. The level of estradiol,progesterone had no differences between women with normal and abnormal menstrual cycle in both groups. The levels of plasma endothelin (ET) in women with abnormal bleeding pattern were higher than women with normal bleeding pattern, but difference was not significant. Women with abnormal bleeding pattern had significantly higher ET level than that in women with normal bleeding pattern before using implants,especially in early-proliferative phase and mid-proliferative phase. the level of plasma endothelin was significantly higher in women with disturbed bleeding pattern than that in normal women in the already-use group.Conclusion High serum concentrations of ET are likely to be correlated with abnormal uterine bleeding in long-term subdermal contraceptive implants users.     

染色体变异与男性不育

目的 探讨染色体异常与男性不育的关系。方法 对565例男性不育患者进行染色体分析。结果 发现染色体异常69例,异常率为12.21%。其中性染色体异常48例,占异常核型 69.75%;性反转综合征1例,占异常核型1.45%;常染色体异常20例,占异常核型28.98%。结论 染色体异常是造成男性不育的重要遗传因素。提示对精液检查异常者或男性性征发育不良者进行染色体检查,将有助于不育病因的诊断。     

功能性消化不良患者胆囊排空的研究

目的 :了解功能性消化不良 (functionaldyspepsia ,FD)患者胆囊排空功能 ,探讨胆囊运动与FD的关系。方法 :采用放射性核素显像法检测 2 6例功能性消化不良患者 (FD组 )空腹及试餐后胆囊排空 ,并与 2 1例正常成人 (NC组 )空腹及餐后胆囊排空作比较。结果 :FD组十二指肠显像时间为 43 2± 2 6min ,对照组为 2 5 7± 3 8min ;空腹及试餐后 40、5 0、6 0min胆囊排空分数明显低于正常对照组相应时相的胆囊排空分数 ,差异有显著性意义。结论 :FD患者存在胆囊排空障碍 ,考虑系胆囊收缩无力和Oddis括约肌运动不协调所致 ,提示胆囊排空障碍是功能性消化不良的病理生理基础和病因之一。     

预防非典型肺炎方剂对小鼠外周血液淋巴细胞 DNA损伤的影响

目的　研究预防非典型肺炎方剂对小鼠外周血液淋巴细胞 DNA的损伤作用。方法　应用单细胞凝胶电泳方法测定 6个预防非典型肺炎方剂体内给药对小鼠外周血液淋巴细胞 DNA损伤的作用。结果　ig给予预防非典型肺炎方剂 、 、 (1/ 3临床等效剂量、临床等效剂量、3倍临床等效剂量× 3 d)对小鼠外周血液淋巴细胞 DNA有明显的损伤作用 ,并呈剂量依赖关系。预防非典型肺炎方剂 、 、 (1/ 3临床等效剂量、临床等效剂量、3倍临床等效剂量× 3 d)对小鼠外周血液淋巴细胞 DNA没有明显的损伤作用。结论　预防非典型肺炎方剂 、 、 具有潜在的遗传毒性     

"清透法"组方配伍规律探析

“清透法”系外感热病常用治法之一,其基本法则即“热者寒之”。组方配伍法则为邪犯卫表,清解宣透;邪入气分,轻清宣散;热入营血,散瘀透热。应用时应注意兼挟并顺应脏腑。     

我院门诊病人处方中精神药品药物利用调查分析

目的 :了解我院精神药品 (psychotropicsubstances)使用情况 ,促进合理用药。方法 :采用限定日剂量和药物利用指数为指标对我院门诊精神药品的处方进行调查和分析。结果 ;平均药物利用指数在 1.0 0左右 ,用药时间大于 4wk的达 79.0 9% ,合并用药大于 2种药物的占 13.14 %。结论 :我院精神药品的使用基本合理 ,但用药时间较长 ,合并用药频度较高     

方剂组方中的系统方法

系统科学方法在自然科学和社会科学领域得到了广泛的应用。作为自然科学的传统中医学，两千多年来一直自觉运用系统科学的方法指导着临床实践。本文从系统科学的基本观点出发，论述了系统科学方法在中医组方中的运用，以期对中医组方的规范化和科学化进行探讨。     

Uterine myomas and factors associated with hysterectomy in premenopausal women

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to describe clinical characteristics in premenopausal women with uterine myomas and to identify factors associated with hysterectomy.STUDY DESIGN: Data were collected by chart abstraction in 421 premenopausal women with myomas and analyzed by univariate and multivariable regression.RESULTS: Over a median follow-up period of 29 months, 86% of women had symptoms associated with myomas and 40% had an increase in uterine size of >2 gestational weeks. By multivariable regression, bleeding symptoms at presentation and previous surgical history of cholecystectomy and adhesiolysis were significantly associated with greater odds of hysterectomy. There was a significant interaction between age and uterine size, so that as age increased, uterine size had a greater impact on the likelihood of hysterectomy.CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of premenopausal women myomas were associated with symptoms in almost all women over the follow-up period. Hysterectomy was performed in 22% of women overall. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997;176:1213-9.)     

Diagnosing protan heterozygosity using the Medmont C‐100 colour vision test

Background : A surprisingly high 15 per cent of women in Caucasian societies are carriers of the genes for abnormal colour vision but there is no clinical method to identify them. It has long been known that heterozygotes for the protan colour vision deficiencies can demonstrate a reduced luminous sensitivity to red light. This is known as Schmidt's sign, which is thought to arise from mosaicism (Lyonisation). The Medmont C‐100 colour vision test measures relative spectral sensitivity using flicker photometry to differentiate protans and deutans. It should be able to diagnose Schmidt's sign. Method : We tested six known protan heterozygotes (four whose sons have a protan colour vision deficiency and two whose fathers are protan) with the Medmont C‐100 test. Results : All six heterozygotes made average settings of ‐1.75 or more negative at the Medmont C‐100 test, settings which are at or beyond the boundary of the distribution of settings made by observers with normal colour vision. There have been two previous cases reported in the literature of protan heterozygotes, who made protan settings on the Medmont C‐100 or its predecessor test, the OSCAR. We also tested six daughters of the known heterozygotes, 50 per cent of whom are likely to be heterozygotes. Four of the six (66 per cent) made protan settings on the Medmont C‐100. The other two made normal 0.0 settings. Conclusion : We conclude that the Medmont C‐100 can be used clinically to diagnose carriers of protan colour vision deficiency.     

妊娠期弓形虫感染及妊娠结局的探讨

【目的】　探讨孕妇弓形虫 (toxoplasmosis ,TOX)感染与胎婴儿先天感染和出生异常之间的关系。　【方法】　采用酶联免疫吸附试验 (enzymelinkedimmonosorbentassay ,ELISA)法和聚合酶链反应 (polymerasechainreac tion ,PCR)法分别检测 12 0 0例孕妇血清TOXIgM、TOXDNA。TOXDNA阳性孕妇其胎儿分娩 (包括流产 )时留取脐血 (或流产组织 )检测TOXDNA。　【结果】　孕妇TOXIgM阳性率为 6.3 3 % ,有不良孕产史者 12 .64 % ,明显高于正常妊娠 5 .2 1% ( χ2 =14 .3 7,P <0 .0 1)。垂直传播率为 3 7.10 % ,其中TOXIgM阳性组垂直传播率为 44 .68% ,明显高于阴性组 13 .3 3 % ( χ2 =4.79,P <0 .0 5 ) ,有不良孕产史组垂直传播率 5 7.14 % ,明显高于正常妊娠组 2 6.83 % ( χ2 =5 .47,P <0 .0 5 )。TOXIgM阳性组胎婴儿异常率 3 0 .2 6% ,明显高于阴性组 9.0 2 % ( χ2 =3 3 .73 ,P <0 .0 1)。　【结论】　孕妇弓形虫感染是导致胎婴儿发育异常的重要原因。