双柏膏外敷在肝穿刺活检术后的止痛疗效观察

目的探讨双柏膏外敷在肝穿刺活检术后的止痛效果,并与西药止痛剂作对比。方法将102例肝穿刺活检后患者分为治疗组（51例）和对照组（51例）,治疗组使用双柏膏外敷,对照组使用西药止痛剂。记录两组患者治疗前后的疼痛强度及用药后的不良反应,归纳总结并作对比。结果在止痛效果方面,两组止痛疗效相近,但治疗组完全缓解率和明显缓解率均略高于对照组,差异无统计学意义;在不良反应方面,治疗组仅个别患者有局部皮肤潮红、水泡、轻度瘙瘁反应,发生率极低（1例。占1．96％）;对照组则见有头晕、呕吐、腹胀、便秘等不良反应,且发生率相对较高。结论对于肝穿刺活捡术后疼痛患者．使用双柏膏肝区外敷能够简单、有效地控制疼痛,且不良反应极少。     

他克莫司软膏治疗酒渣鼻临床疗效观察

目的探讨0.03%他克莫司软膏治疗酒渣鼻的疗效及安全性。方法 89例患者按系统随机化法分为两组,治疗组（45例）口服复合维生素B,外搽0.03%他克莫司软膏,对照组（44例）口服复合维生素B,外搽5%硫磺霜,连续治疗观察6周,分析比较两组治疗效果。结果治疗组治疗第2、4、6周后有效率分别为26.67%、64.44%、86.67%,与对照组相比差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;红斑积分在治疗第2周后即有明显降低（P〈0.05）,而丘疹、脓疱积分在治疗第4、6周后才有明显降低（P〈0.05）;19例（占42.22%）在用药后第1~6天内出现局部刺激症状。结论他克莫司软膏治疗酒渣鼻安全、有效。     

Clinical efficacy of dialkylcarbamoylchloride‐coated cotton acetate dressing versus combination of normal saline dressing and 2% mupirocin ointment in infected wounds of epidermolysis bullosa

Dialkylcarbamoylchloride (DACC)‐coated cotton acetate dressing works directly through hydrophobic interaction to reduce the number of bacteria without the risk of resistance. It is easy to use and therefore expected to improve patient's compliance. This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of DACC‐coated cotton acetate dressing compared to a combination of normal saline dressing and 2% mupirocin ointment. A single‐blind controlled trial was conducted and included 14 infected epidermolysis bullosa (EB) wounds which were divided into two groups. Group I received DACC‐coated cotton acetate dressing, and Group II received the combination of normal saline dressing and 2% mupirocin ointment. Study results showed that the average time required for complete wound closure was 8.6 and 11.1 days in Groups I and II, respectively (p = .014), which was statistically significant. Both groups showed complete bacterial elimination on Day 3 based on negative Gram stain results and on Day 6 based on clearance of clinical manifestations (p = 1.000). This is a novel study in EB‐infected wounds, which shows that DACC‐coated cotton acetate dressing promotes faster wound closure and is as effective as the combination of normal saline dressing and 2% mupirocin ointment in eliminating bacterial infection.     

热软膏的薄层色谱鉴别

目的对热软膏鉴别方法进行研究。方法采用薄层层析法,对药品中所含的桉叶油进行鉴别。结果制定的鉴别方法排除了药品中其它成份对被检成份的干扰,专属性强,重现性好。结论本法可用于热软膏的质量控制。     

八桂止痛膏对小鼠镇痛 抗炎作用效果实验研究

目的探讨八桂止痛膏(BAO)对小鼠镇痛、抗炎作用效果。方法选择昆明种雌性小鼠作为实验对象,根据干预方式不同将其分为空白对照组(不予药物干预)、扶他林组(予扶他林软膏干预)和BAO组(予BAO干预)。通过热板实验、醋酸扭体实验和二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀实验评估干预处理对小鼠的镇痛、抗炎效果。结果在给药后15～45 min,扶他林组痛阈值呈逐渐上升趋势,而BAO组痛阈值呈先上升后下降趋势。两组给药后各时间点的痛阈值均高于空白对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。在给药后45 min时间点,BAO组痛阈值低于扶他林组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。扶他林组和BAO组扭体次数低于空白对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。扶他林组和BAO组扭体次数和扭体次数抑制率比较差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。扶他林组耳廓肿胀质量小于BAO组和空白对照组,BAO组耳廓肿胀质量亦小于空白对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 BAO具有较好的镇痛、抗炎作用,其效果与扶他林软膏相当。     

Ointments and transdermal nitroglycerin patches for stable angina pectoris

Summary Nitroglycerin (NTG) ointment is used for the prophylaxis against angina pectoris, but there are no data to support its effectiveness during long-term therapy. Continuous, once-daily application of isosorbide dinitrate cream produces tolerance with complete loss of efficacy within 1 week. Nitroglycerin patches are very popular and continuous once-daily application is still claimed by some investigators to provide 24 hour antiischemic and antianginal efficacy. This claim is based on data from postmarketing studies in a very large number of patients and placebo-controlled studies in smaller groups of patients from Italy, Yugoslavia, Greece, and Germany. In contrast, studies from the United States, Canada, England, and some centers in Germany have failed to show superiority of patches over placebo during continuous therapy. This controversy was addressed by the NTG cooperative study group, in which a total of 562 patients who were responders to sublingual nitroglycerin were studied. Patients received either placebo or NTG patches delivering low (15–30 mg/24 hr), moderate (45–60 mg/ 24 hr), or large (75 and 105 mg/24 hr) amounts of NTG. Four hours after the initial application, NTG patches increased exercise duration compared to placebo, but this beneficial effect had disappeared by 24 hours. Furthermore, after 8 weeks of continuous therapy, none of the NTG patches were superior to placebo, whether patients were or were not taking concomitant beta-blockers. Therefore, current opinion is that continous therapy with NTG patches produces pharmacologic tolerance and is ineffective. Pharmacologic tolerance can be minimized when patches are applied every morning and removed after 10–12 hours at night. However, patches delivering >15 mg NTG/24 hr are required to maintain an increased exercise duration for up to hour 8 after the patch application. Intermittent therapy with patches, however, may lead to rebound nocturnal angina in some patients. Also, intermittent therapy with patches has been associated with worsening of exercise performance in the morning prior to the patch renewal, compared to therapy with placebo patches. This has been referred to as the zero-hour effect and probably represents a rebound phenomenon following nitrate withdrawal. Patients experiencing either nocturnal or early morning angina during intermittent therapy with patches should either be switched to oral long-acting nitrates or should in addition be treated with a beta-blocker, provided there are no contraindications to beta-blocker treatment.The opinions expressed here are those of the authors and should not be taken as those of FDA.     

Wound healing effect of flavonoid rich fraction and luteolin isolated from Martynia annua Linn. on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

ObjectiveTo evaluate wound healing potential of flavonoid fractions of Martynia annua (M. annua) Linn. leaves in diabetic rats on the basis of folkloric information and preliminary study.MethodsThe flavonoid compound luteolin and apigenin were isolated from dried leaves of plant by column chromatography. The two concentrations (0.2% and 0.5% w/w) of luteolin and flavonoid fraction were selected for topically applied as ointment on diabetic wound. The Povidone Iodine Ointment USP was used as a reference. On 18th days, protein content, hydroxyproline and antioxidants (SOD, CAT and GSH) level in granuloma tissues were determined.ResultsThe results showed that, percent wound contraction were observed significantly (P<0.01) greater in MAF fraction and 0.5% w/w of luteolin treatment groups. Presence of matured collagen fibres and fibroblasts with better angiogenesis were observed in histopathological studies.ConclusionsIn conclusion, our findings suggest that flavonoid fraction (MAF) and luteolin (0.5% w/w) may have potential benefit in enhancing wound healing in diabetic condition, possibly due to free-radical scavenging activity of plant.     

三黄膏与生肌膏联合治疗Ⅲ、Ⅳ期压疮的疗效分析

目的 探讨三黄膏与生肌膏联合治疗Ⅲ、Ⅳ期压疮的效果.方法 将68例压疮患者分为实验组和对照组各34例,两组患者均给予海绵垫或交替式充气垫减压、保持皮肤清洁干燥、协助翻身按摩、营养干预、清创去除坏死组织、生理盐水清洗创面等压疮护理措施及相应的全身治疗,实验组加用三黄膏与生肌膏外敷,对照组加用抗生素外敷.于治疗第21天、第35天进行治疗效果分析.结果 实验组患者治疗有效率及治愈率明显高于对照组,愈合时间明显短于对照组(均为P＜0.05),差异有统计学意义.结论 应用三黄膏与生肌膏联合治疗Ⅲ、Ⅳ期压疮可明显缩短愈合时间,提高治愈率.     

米诺四环素软膏与雅皓乳膏治疗急性牙周炎的临床对照研究

目的：比较米诺四环素软膏和雅皓乳膏对治疗急性牙周炎的疗效。方法：将60例临床诊断为急性牙周炎患者180个患牙随机分成用米诺四环素软膏治疗的治疗组和用雅皓乳膏治疗的对照组。分别采用局部涂抹患处法和牙周袋内注药法。记录治疗前后的牙周炎临床症状的改变并进行分析。结果：两组用药后急性牙周炎的肿胀、疼痛、口臭等症状均有明显改善。疗效无显著性差异,P〉0．05。结论：米诺四环素软膏和雅皓乳膏治疗急性牙周炎均有效。且各有自优点。