再论妊娠期糖尿病与胎儿生长发育

目的 研究妊娠期糖尿病与胎儿生长发育中糖代谢特点的关系。方法 选择妊娠期糖尿病25例（GDM组），正常孕妇20例（对照组），分别测孕妇空腹血糖、糖耐量、C肽、IGF－I、新生儿出生2h内空腹血糖，并依据新生儿出生体重分为大于胎龄儿组（LGA组，≥4000g），适于胎龄儿组（AGA组，2500－3999g)。结果 C肽及新生儿出生2h内空腹血糖GDM组与对照组差异有显著性；糖耐量各时点血糖值餐后2h血糖值LGA和AGA组差异有显著性。结论 血糖始终是影响胎儿生长发育的重要因素，孕妇餐后2h血糖水平与巨大儿的发生呈正相关。     

Enantiomeric Resolution of Drug Compounds by Liquid Chromatography

Novel techniques have recently emerged to separate chiral drug compounds into pure enantiomers. The mechanism, experimental difficulties, and applicability of these methods can vary greatly, and the choices involved are not straightforward. The most significant new advances in the field of chiral separations have come from work done with liquid chromatographic systems and chiral stationary-phase columns. This review describes several commonly used approaches to chiral separation, diastereomeric derivatization, chiral mobile-phase additives, and three major types of chiral stationary phases. Although no single method can be judged superior for every drug application, it appears that chiral stationary phases have received the most attention recently and they are emphasized here.     

Changes in the content of Met-enkephalin in different brain structures during the development of immune response

Changes in the content of the opiate peptide Met-enkephalin at the early stages of immune response are studied in different structures of rats brain 20 min and 24 h after immunization with sheep erythrocytes. Translated fromByulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 123, No. 2, pp. 170–172, February, 1997     

血康口服液与他莫昔芬联合治疗免疫性血小板减少性紫癜疗效观察

联合应用血康口服液和他莫昔芬治疗成人免疫性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)20例。疗程超过2月。15例患者的血小板(BPC)计数明显上升,有效率为75％(15/20),对于激素治疗无效者,仍有良效。对月经过多者和不适合应用激素者尤为适应。两药合用无明显副作用。治疗起效时间较快,平均13天。疗效持续时间较长,长者已达一年以上。     

Diving physiology and pathophysiology

Summary. Divers have worked at 500 m depth in the sea and have reached 700 m in simulated chamber dives. A prerequisite for this has been extensive physiological studies of the body's reactions to pressure and pressure changes. This paper reviews such physiological and pathophysiological studies with emphasis on recent developments.     

Indirect detection of anti-acetylcholinesterase compounds in microcolumn liquid chromatography using packed bed reactor with immobilized human red blood cell acetylcholinesterase and choline oxidase

The inhibiting compounds were separated by micro-column liquid chromatography in the mobile phase containing the natural substrate acetylcholine. A home-made packed bed microbioreactor system containing immobilized enzyme acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) in human red blood cell membrane and choline oxidase (CHO) from alcaligenes was used for the post-column conversion of acetylcholine to hydrogen peroxide which was detected by an electrochemical detector. The inhibition effect of the solutes caused a decrease in the acetylcholinesterase activity, a decrease in the formation of hydrogen peroxide and also a decrease in the response corresponding to the concentration of the solutes. The rate of the enzyme regeneration was also recorded. The micro-system was compared with a conventional LC system comprising commercially prepared enzyme reactor. The stability of the enzymes is at least 3 weeks at ambient temperature. The limit of detection depends on biological activity of inhibition and for galanthamine was 1 pmol.     

Pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered sodium dichloroacetate in rabbits

ＰｈａｒｍａｃｏｋｉｎｅｔｉｃｓｏｆｉｎｔｒａｖｅｎｏｕｓｌｙａｄｍｉｎｉｓｔｅｒｅｄｓｏｄｉｕｍｄｉｃｈｌｏｒｏａｃｅｔａｔｅｉｎｒａｂｂｉｔｓＧｕＢｉｎ（顾斌）；ＳｏｎｇＬｉｎｇ（宋岭）；ＪｉａｎｇＹｏｎｇｐｅｉ（蒋永培）；ＷｅｎＡｉｄｏｎｇ（文...     

人体中氧氟沙星的立体选择性代谢

５名健康志愿者日服单剂３００ｍｇ氧氟沙星［（±）－Ｏｆ１］后，采用立体选择性的ＲＰ－ＨＰＬＣ手性流动相添加剂法测定尿中Ｓ－（－）－Ｏｆ１和Ｒ－（＋）－Ｏｆ１浓度结果显示Ｏｆ１在人体内呈现立体选择性代谢。尿中排泄的Ｓ－（－）－Ｏｆ１／Ｒ－（＋）－Ｏｆ１之比随时间变化。服药后２ｈＳ／Ｒ是０．８７５，２４ｈ增加到１．１５０．Ｓ－（－）－Ｏｆ１的消除半衰期（ｔ１／２）是４．５７ｈ；消除速率常数（ｋ）是０．１５４ｈ；药时曲线下的面积（ＡＵＣ）为１．１７ｍｇ·ｈ－１．ｍＬ－１；Ｒ－（＋）－Ｏｆ１的ｔ１／２为４．１８ｈ，ｋ为０．１６８ｈ－１，ＡＵＣ是１．７８ｍｇ·ｈ－１·ｍＬ－１；经配对ｔ检验这三对参数间有显著性差异，Ｐ值分别小于０．０１，０．００１和０．００５．因此两对映体在人体内呈现立体选择性处置     

The relationship of proliferating cell density at the invasive tumour front with prognostic and risk factors in human oral squamous cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND: We hypothesise that the density of proliferating cells at the invasive tumour front (ITF) has a positive relationship with prognostic and risk factors in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). METHODS: Tissues from 47 human oral SCC specimens were collected and stained with a monoclonal antibody directed against the Ki-67 antigen using a horseradish peroxidase based two-step immunostaining method. Counting was performed on two parallel sections at the ITF using an image analyser. The Ki-67 labelling index (LI) was determined by measuring the number of nuclei/mm(2) of epithelium. RESULTS: Our results show that the density of proliferating cells is related to clinical staging, with advanced stage of disease having a significantly higher Ki-67 LI compared with early stage of disease (2111 +/- 905 vs. 1908 +/- 913; P = 0.03). Importantly, this study shows that tumours that have metastasised have a significantly higher Ki-67 LI than tumours where distant metastasis was not detected (3257 +/- 650 vs. 1966 +/- 881; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Cell proliferation, as measured by the Ki-67 LI at the ITF, has a positive relationship with clinical staging, tumour thickness, smoking status of the patient and alcohol consumption. Further, we suggest that a multicenter study with a large cohort of patients is indicated to fully elucidate whether cell proliferation at the ITF is directly related to patient survival.