山东栽培丹参的质量考察

通过薄层、纸层—紫外和薄层—扫描等方法,对同一地区的栽培和野生丹参进行了化学成分、微量元素及抑菌作用等方面的比较,结果表明:栽培丹参能够同野生品一样供药用。     

中国药用植物细胞工程研究进展(1)

中国药用植物细胞工程研究进展（１）于荣敏，张惟材，张辉沈阳药科大学药物研究所１１００１５细胞工程是应用细胞生物学的方法，按照人们的预想方案，有计划地保存、改变和创造遗传物质的技术，亦即在细胞水平上对生物体进行创造设计．由于植物的一个细胞犹如一株潜在的...     

姜黄类挥发油抗癌作用的研究

通过姜黄,片姜黄、姜黄干燥块根、姜黄干燥主根茎、川郁金干燥支根茎、川郁金新鲜支根茎挥发油抗癌作用实验观察,证明其挥发油给小鼠腹腔注射后,荷瘤子鼠的生存时间分别为23.08±7.94、28.3±11.11、30.91±15.26、27.64±12.85、26.46±9.97、25.06±9.28天,与对照组存活18.11±3.87比较(P<0.01),有非常显著的差异.说明姜黄类挥发油能延长荷瘤小鼠的寿命,从而显示其抗Ehrlich腹水癌的作用.     

Effects of dietary oat bran on faecal steroid excretion,plasma volatile fatty acids and lipid synthesis in rats

Two mechanisms have been proposed for the hypocholesterolaemic effects of dietary oat bran, i.e. acceleration of cholesterol catabolism or inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis. The latter is proposed to occur via propionate formed through large bowel microbial fermentation of fibre. We have examined both of these mechanisms in rats fed dietary oat bran and have found that faecal bile acid and neutral sterol excretion was enhanced compared with animals fed cellulose. In contrast, concentrations of propionate in the hepatic portal vein, although raised by dietary oat bran, were less than 2% of those at which inhibition of hepatic cholesterogenesis has been observed in vitro. When hepatic cholesterol synthesis was measured with ³H₂O, it was increased in oat branfed rats. Therefore, it appears most likely that the hypocholesterolaemic effects of this cereal fibre preparation can be explained by increased faecal steroid excretion and not through inhibition of cholesterogenesis by volatile fatty acids of large bowel origin.     

藜的化学成分研究

目的：对藜Chenopodium olbumL.的抗过敏活性成分进行研究。方法：利用色谱的方法分离成分。利用光谱和化学方法鉴定其化学结构。结果：从藜的种子中分离得到3个化合物。经光谱和化学分析，鉴定为28-氧-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-齐墩果酸-3-氧-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸甙（1），20-羟基蜕皮酮（2）和芦丁（3）。结论：化合物1，2和3均为首次从该植物分离得到。     

用L—652,731初筛抗PAF活性成分的简易方法

血小板活化因子（ＰＡＦ）作为受体的介质而与炎症、过敏等多种生理过程有关。作者介绍一种简易的血小板聚集玻片法用以从药用植物中初筛抗ＰＡＦ活性成分，并合成了Ｌ—６５２，７３１且以其作为标准拮抗剂。     

Using the blood concentration of 2,5-dimethylfuran as a marker for smoking

Correct analysis of whole blood volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in evaluating possible exposure situations requires differentiation of smokers from nonsmokers. Whole blood concentrations of 2,5-dimethylfuran are determined using an internal standard method, and the concentrations of this compound are evaluated as a marker for smoking in exposure-study subjects. Results indicate that the concentration of 2,5-dimethylfuran can be adequately determined in whole blood by a method already in use for determining VOCs in blood. The whole blood concentration of 2,5-dimethylfuran was an excellent predictor of smoking when compared with positive responses about smoking on questionnaires. Using a detection limit of 0.024 ppb, 2,5-dimethylfuran concentrations in blood correctly identified the smoking status of 96.4% of the subjects in this study. The blood 2,5-dimethylfuran concentration was linearly related to the number of cigarettes smoked per day. This method is advantageous since blood 2,5-dimethylfuran concentrations can be determined using the same method used to determine concentrations of other VOCs, thus obviating the need for additional analytical procedures.     

苦皮藤根皮的化学成分研究

目的 苦皮藤根皮（Celastus angulatus Maxin.)的乙醇提取液通过多种层析和重结晶等方法分得10个化合物。方法 用波谱（^1H-NMR,^13C-NMR,EI-MS,ESI-MS,IR,等）、化学方法、标准品对照等方法鉴定了其中的5个。结果 分别是6β-Hydroxy-3-oxolup-20(29)-ene(LC4),3β-Hydroxyolean-9(11):12-Diene(LC9),( )-catechin(LC2),sitosterol(LC5)和sitosterin-3-glucoside(LC6)，其中LC2，LC4，LC9为该植物中首次发现。     

国产沉香化学成分的研究 Ⅱ.白木香醇和去氢白木香醇的分离和结构

自国产沉香[系瑞香料(Thymelaceae)植物白木香(Aquilaria slnensuis(Lour.)Gilg.)的含有黑色树脂的木质部]的挥发油中经硅胶柱层析和制备性薄层层析分离得到两个新的沉香呋喃类倍半萜,分别命名为白木香醇(baimuxinol)和去氢白木香醇(dehydrobaimuxinol)。经光谱IR,~1H NMR,MS分析和化学方法,确定它们的结构分别为式(Ⅰ)和(Ⅱ)。     

Effects of shilajit and its active constituents on learning and memory in rats

Effects, in albino rats, of a processed shilajit (Sh-P), native shilajit (Sh-N) (unprocessed water-soluble fraction), and a preparation consisting of a mixture of ethyl acetate extractives (EE) and fulvic acids (FAs) from Sh-P, were evaluated in (i) an active avoidance, (ii) elevated plus-maze and (iii) open-field behaviour paradigms. This study was undertaken to appraise the validity of use of shilajit as an Ayurvedic medha rasayan (enhancer of learning and memory). Sh-P and its active constituents (EE-FAs) significantly augmented learning acquisition and memory retrieval in the battery of tests, designed for this purpose, according to accepted tenets. Sh-N, on the other hand, produced erratic responses (both augmentative and retardative) in the above parameters. The U-shaped dose-responses shown by Sh-P and EE-FAs are reminiscent of agents that improve cognitive functions. Additionally, Sh-P and EE-FAs, in high doses (25–50 mg/kg p.o.), produced significant antianxiety effect in the open-field behaviour test. The present and earlier findings seem to suggest that the action of shilajit is mediated by facilitating communication between the immune and the central nervous systems. These findings reinforce our earlier postulate that purification of shilajit is an imperative necessity to ensure its optimum therapeutic effect. This would also safeguard from potential health risks associated with prolonged ingestion of raw shilajit containing free radicals and fungal toxins.