铝-铬天青-溴化十六烷基啶胶束增溶分光光度法测定血清铝的方法研究

在溶液p H6-5 ～5-5 范围内,铝铬天青S(CAS)溴化十六烷基吡啶(CPB) 生成兰色三元胶束配合物,它的最大吸收在618n m 波长,摩尔吸光系数ε为9-642 ×104L.m ol-1 .c m -1 。在铝含量0 ～6-0 ×10 -6m ol.L- 1,遵循比耳定律,AlCASCPB三元配合物的组成摩尔比是1∶2∶3 。一定量的抗坏血酸和盐酸羟胺可以消除血清中与铝共存的其它阳离子Fe3 ,Cu2 等的干扰。该方法的检出限为6-60 ×10 - 7mol .L-1 ,平均回收率(96-11 ±2-87) % ,相对标准差小于3 % 。方法简便易行,有较高的准确度和灵敏度,用于血清铝的测定可获得满意结果     

Über Melanin und Melanosomen im ZNS im Vergleich zu extracerebralen Erscheinungsformen und synthetischem Melanin aus Dopamin und Serotonin

Summary Melanosomes and isolated melanosomal fragments (melanin particles) originating from gangliocytes (substantia nigra), astroglia (melanosis cerebelli), and melanocytes (melanotic meningeoma; metastases of melanoblastoma; melanosis thalami of the goat) were compared with synthetic melanins prepared from dopamine and serotonin, respectively. Samples were examined by electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis according to Debye-Scherrer and by infrared spectrophotometry, and the results were evaluated with regard to characteristic features as they may relate to specific cell types or chemical structures.On electron microscopy all three types of melanosomes could be differentiated unequivocally as could the two synthetic melanins. Thus, there were similarities between synthetic melanin from dopamine and the gliogenic melanins of the cerebellum; the synthetic melanin from serotonin resembled melanin of melanocytes.X-ray diffraction analysis yielded 2-4 Debye diffraction rings with all human and synthetic samples, suggesting short range orders between 3.8 to 5 Å the sample obtained from a goat with thalamic melanosis showed a specific reflex pattern. While diffraction patterns of some melanins were partially identical, in particular that of melanin from dopamine and melanin of substantia nigra and dentate nucleus, respectively, they were different for the various melanocytic melanins. Further investigations are required to determine whether these differences are due to disparities in basic chemical structures or conformations or else, to particular compositional features of the various types of melanocytes as they arise from benign or malignant tumors or a specific species.Infrared spectrophotometry at higher wave numbers revealed the well known patterns of melanins, which are not, however, very suitable, for their further differentiation. At lower wave numbers (fingerprinting) melanin of substantia nigra and the glial melanin in melanosis cerebelli yielded additional absorption bands of identical configuration. In contrast to melanin from dopamine, melanin from serotonin exhibited a closely similar absorption pattern in this spectral range, suggesting that the neuroectodermal melanins may contain a component possibly arising from serotonin.

Herrn Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Doerr zum 25. 8. 1979     

差示分光光度法测定复方刺梨合剂中总黄酮的含量

目的 测定复方刺梨合剂中的总黄酮含量;方法 采用差示分光光度法,在392nm波长下样品不经分离直接测定;结果 线性范围5.06～50.60μg·mL-1,回归方程A=5.84×10-4+0.01321C,r=0.9996,平均回收率99.59%,RSD=1.49%.结论 所建方法 快速、简便、准确,适用于复方刺梨合剂的质量控制.     

系数倍率法测定膀胱镜检表面麻醉剂中盐酸利多卡因的含量

目的：研究不经提取直接测定膀胱镜检表面麻醉剂中盐酸利多卡因的含量。方法：采用系数倍率法，选择测定的波长为270nm和280nm。结果：盐酸利多卡因线性关系良好，r=0．9993,，平均回收率为100．1％。结论：该方法可靠、简便、准确，可作为医院制剂的质量控制。     

红外分光光度法与焦磷酸重量法测定粉尘中游离二氧化硅的比较

本文对矿山粉尘和铸造粉尘的游离二氧化硅含量进行了红外分光光度法和焦磷酸重量法的对比测定。结果表明,红外法与重量法的结果之间有很好的相关性,其测定值在统计学上无显著性差异。两法测定值的相关回归方程:(?)=1.0001×-2.0610,r=0.947997。红外法的测定不受灰化的影响,对滤膜采集的粉尘中游离二氧化硅的含量测定是一简便、快速的方法,可较好地排除粉尘中难溶或不溶物质和无定形二氧化硅等因素的干扰,克服了重量法的不足。     

紫外分光光度法测定磷酸咯萘啶肠溶片的含量

目的研究磷酸咯萘啶在不同ｐＨ溶剂中紫外吸收特征变化，对药典采用的紫外分光光度法测定磷酸咯萘啶肠溶片含量的方法作了改进。方法以ｐＨ２的盐酸溶液作为溶剂，２７４ｎｍ处为测定波长。与用其他溶液作溶剂的方法相比，以优化测定条件。结果在０．５～２０ｍｇ／Ｌ浓度范围内，浓度与吸光度成线性相关，回归方程为Ａ＝０．００４５＋０．０５０４ｃ，ｒ＝０．９９９８（ｎ＝６），天内精密度ＲＳＤ为０．１５％，天间精密度ＲＳＤ为０．６０％，平均回收率为９６％以上。制剂辅料无干扰。结论本法与用水或ｐＨ７的磷酸缓冲液为溶剂的方法相比，具测定数据稳定，吸收系数大等优点。适用于磷酸咯萘啶肠溶片、注射剂及溶出度等测定。     

大鼠长期服苯妥英锌或苯妥英钠对体内锌铜代谢的影响

本文用原子吸收分光光度法测定了大鼠分别服用苯妥英锌和苯妥英钠13周后(每天剂量为12mg/kg体重),肝脏、全脑、齿龈和血清锌铜的含量。苯妥英锌使齿龈和肝脏锌分别增高80％和49％,全脑和血清锌分别降低39％和35％,而苯妥英钠使齿龈和肝脏锌分别降低70％和28％,血清锌增高41％。两药均使全脑和齿龈铜降低。     

Construction of a novel port wine stain phantom and measurement of colour by digital imaging and reflectance spectrophotometry

A novel skin phantom is described that is constructed with quantifiable amounts of skin pigments, as well as a light scattering medium in the form of barium sulphate suspension. The two predominant skin pigments (melanin and haemoglobin) are varied in controlled amounts within the phantoms to simulate skin colour in different situations. The phantoms were devised in order to simulate the changes in skin colour particularly after laser treatment of port wine stains, where superficial cutaneous vascularity is reduced. Preliminary investigations of two techniques for skin colour assessment were subsequently carried out so that their suitability for measuring colour in the skin phantoms could be considered. A specifically designed device was constructed to enable repeatable digital image capture of the phantoms. Further development of this skin phantom may enable comparison of techniques for skin colour assessment.     

维生素B12注射液紫外分光光度法储存条件分析

目的为维生素B12样品溶液储存方法提供实验依据。方法样品以水为溶剂,对维生素B12溶液分别在室外阳光直射、黑暗储存、室内阴凉处保存和冰箱冷藏的条件下考察,在278 nm、361 nm5、50 nm波长处,采用紫外分光光度法测定吸光度,由测出数值求A361 nm/A278 nm和A361 nm/A550 nm的比值。同时考察了不同pH值条件下维生素B12溶液的吸光度。结果参照中国药典规定,室外阳光直射(33℃)2.4 h,室内阴凉处(27℃)放置38.5 h,黑暗中放置(27℃)78 h,冰箱中冷藏(4-6℃)88 h内维生素B12溶液的吸光度比值符合药典规定范围。结论物理储存条件中,维生素B12溶液在室外阳光直射条件下分解变质最快;室内阴凉处保存次之;黑暗中储存与冰箱中冷藏较为稳定。化学储存条件下,在相应时间内,pH值在5.26-6.02范围内时,吸光度值最高,性质也较稳定。紫外分光光度法简便、准确,可作为维生素B12样品溶液储存条件的实验依据。     

水飞蓟素固体分散体中水飞蓟宾溶出速度的研究

[目的 ]研究载体和表面活性剂对水飞蓟素固体分散体中水飞蓟宾溶出速度的影响 .[方法 ]采用熔融法制备水飞蓟素固体分散体 ,观察固体分散体中水飞蓟宾在人工肠液中的累积溶出量变化 .[结果 ]水飞蓟素与聚乙二醇为 1∶9比例时固体分散体中水飞蓟宾的溶出速率最佳 ,其最大累积溶出率为6 4 2 7% ;表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠组固体分散体的累积溶出率为 6 4 48% .[结论 ]与原料药物相比 ,以聚乙二醇为载体的固体分散体提高了水飞蓟宾的溶出速率