茶树油的提取工艺优化试验研究

目的:以茶树油提取率为考察指标,研究茶树油的提取工艺.方法:采用正交试验进行优选,气相色谱法测定4-羟基萜烯含量.结果:影响茶树油提取率的主要因素是提取时间,对茶树油的提取有显著影响;其次是加水量,对茶树油的提取有较大影响;浸泡时间的影响最小.各因素对4-羟基萜烯含量无影响.结论:最佳的提取工艺为浸泡时间2 h,提取时间6 h,加水800 ml.     

Box-Behnken试验设计优选淫羊藿饮片中淫羊藿苷及总黄酮提取工艺

摘 要 目的： 建立淫羊藿饮片醇提生产工艺。方法: 采用Box Behnken试验设计结合效应面法对各工艺参数进行优选,HPLC色谱法和紫外可见分光光度法联合定量评价。结果: 淫羊藿生产最佳提取工艺为：加入15倍量70%乙醇,提取150 min。结论: Box Behnken试验设计适合对因素的水平范围进行合理筛选,该工艺稳定,可行性强。     

Box-Behnken设计-效应面法优选甘草切制工艺

目的 优选甘草的最佳切制工艺.方法 以甘草苷、甘草酸的量和外观性状为评价指标,采用Box-Behnken设计-效应面法考察润制、蒸制、烘制法切制甘草饮片对其质量的影响,优选甘草切制工艺参数.结果 甘草最佳切制工艺为润制6h、蒸制30 min、烘制2h、烘制温度60℃.结论 优选的甘草切制工艺合理可行.     

Novel druggable hot spots in avian influenza neuraminidase H5N1 revealed by computational solvent mapping of a reduced and representative receptor ensemble

The influenza virus subtype H5N1 has raised concerns of a possible human pandemic threat because of its high virulence and mutation rate. Although several approved anti-influenza drugs effectively target the neuraminidase, some strains have already acquired resistance to the currently available anti-influenza drugs. In this study, we present the synergistic application of extended explicit solvent molecular dynamics (MD) and computational solvent mapping (CS-Map) to identify putative 'hot spots' within flexible binding regions of N1 neuraminidase. Using representative conformations of the N1 binding region extracted from a clustering analysis of four concatenated 40-ns MD simulations, CS-Map was utilized to assess the ability of small, solvent-sized molecules to bind within close proximity to the sialic acid binding region. Mapping analyses of the dominant MD conformations reveal the presence of additional hot spot regions in the 150- and 430-loop regions. Our hot spot analysis provides further support for the feasibility of developing high-affinity inhibitors capable of binding these regions, which appear to be unique to the N1 strain.     

丹参水溶性成分提取工艺研究

目的筛选丹参水溶性成分提取工艺的最优条件。方法采用正交试验法,以乙醇量、回流时间、乙醇浓度、提取次数为因素,以煎液中丹酚酸B含量和收膏率为指标,对提取条件进行筛选。结果丹参水溶性成分的最佳提取工艺为加6倍量的30％乙醇,提取3次,每次60min。结论优选的工艺可行,具操作性。     

基于融合组合赋权和最优聚类机器学习方法的五味子保胃护肝保健食品配方设计与评价

目的 提出一种融合组合赋权、聚类、决策、评价等多种机器学习算法用于保健食品配方设计及评价的方法。方法以五味子Schisandre Chinensis Fructus为例,构建含五味子处方数据库,筛选与五味子配伍高频药味并挖掘其关联规则。同时结合传统中医药理论和现代科学研究建立评价指标体系,采用兼顾主观性和客观性的层次分析（analytic hierarchy process,AHP）-CRITIC(criteria importance though intercrieria correlation)组合赋权法和优选的聚类算法对高频药味进行加权和聚类,结合中医药理论设计配方并进行逼近理想解排序（technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,TOPSIS）综合评价。结果 频次统计得到黄芪、茯苓、人参等与五味子配伍高频药味31个,关联规则分析显示高频药味间更易产生强关联。构建含3个一级指标、7个二级指标的评价指标体系,AHP-CRITIC组合赋权法计算出的指标组合权重从大到小依次为药味传统功效、现代文献研...     

预防流感颗粒Ⅰ号生产工艺研究

目的:确定预防流感颗粒Ⅰ号的最佳生产工艺。方法:以出膏率为考核指标,采用正交试验设计对生产工艺进行优化,考察煎煮过程中加水量、煎煮时间、煎煮次数等因素对出膏率的影响。结果:加水量8倍、煎煮次数2次、煎煮时间第1次2.0 h,第2次1.0 h,为最佳提取条件。结论:用上述方法提取,预防流感颗粒Ⅰ号出膏率最高。     

正交设计优选退白汤的提取工艺

目的:研究退白汤的提取工艺。方法:采用正交试验设计法考察不同提取工艺制备的退白汤中补骨脂素和异补骨脂素的含量,依据试验数据设计最佳提取工艺。结果:加水量、煎煮时间对提取效果有显著影响,最佳提取工艺为加水10倍量,药材浸泡1 h,煎煮2次,每次煎煮1 h。结论:优选出的提取工艺经济,简便,提取效率高。     

骨舒胶囊的提取工艺优选

目的:优选骨舒胶囊的提取工艺。方法:采用正交试验方法对影响水提取醇沉工艺的各因素进行考察,以HPLC测定淫羊藿苷的含量作为优选工艺的考察指标。结果:优选的最佳工艺为药材加10倍量水,煎煮1 h,煎煮3次;醇沉时浸膏相对密度为1.08(60℃),药液温度为40℃,加醇至60%。结论:按正交试验优选的提取工艺可行,以淫羊藿苷为指标成分,能较好控制提取工艺的质量,方法简便实用。     

Design of cardiovascular operating rooms for tomorrow's technology and clinical practice — Part one

Transformations in surgical models of care, including the advent of minimally invasive procedures, bio-robotics and imaging, have revolutionized the cardiovascular physical realm in terms of capability and procedure. An unacceptable number of avoidable patient safety incidents result from the widening disparity between surgical innovation and the environment in which it is applied. Design of cardiovascular operating rooms that aims to minimize the increasing problem of patient safety must consider the behavior of staff and patients as well as the complex interrelationships between culture, technology and achieving reliable, high quality cardiovascular outcomes. There is a need for better, evidence-based physical design guidelines for cardiovascular operating rooms. A better understanding of the relationship between the physical design and its impact on the flow, operations, and culture will positively impact on patient outcomes.