加巴喷丁与卡马西平治疗复发性三叉神经痛的临床效果分析

目的分析加巴喷丁与卡马西平治疗复发性三叉神经痛的临床效果。方法将2016年1月~2017年8月于本院进行治疗的60例复发性三叉神经痛患者作为研究对象,回顾性分析该60例患者的病历资料,按照治疗方式的不同将患者分成两组,普通组使用卡马西平进行治疗,实验组采用加巴喷丁进行治疗,对比分析两组患者的治疗效果。结果治疗后,实验组患者的VAS评分为(2.5±0.5)分,LSI-B指数为(16.5±2.1),各项指标均优于普通组(P0.05);实验组患者的治疗有效率为93.33%,不良反应发生率为3.33%,两项数据均优于普通组(P0.05)。结论加巴喷丁治疗复发性三叉神经痛的效果明显优于卡马西平,该药可有效缓解患者疼痛,且药物不良反应更少,用药安全可靠,能够显著提升患者的生活质量,应在复发性三叉神经痛的治疗中优先选用。     

Unilateral Punctate Keratitis Secondary to Wallenberg Syndrome

We studied three patients who developed left unilateral punctate keratitis after suffering left-sided Wallenberg Syndrome. A complex evolution occurred in two of them. In all cases, neurophysiological studies showed damage in the trigeminal sensory component at the bulbar level. Corneal involvement secondary to Wallenberg syndrome is a rare cause of unilateral superficial punctate keratitis. The loss of corneal sensitivity caused by trigeminal neuropathy leads to epithelial erosions that are frequently unobserved by the patient, resulting in a high risk of corneal-ulcer development with the possibility of superinfection. Neurophysiological studies can help to locate the anatomical level of damage at the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve, confirming the suspected etiology of stroke, and demonstrating that prior vascular involvement coincides with the location of trigeminal nerve damage. In some of these patients, oculofacial pain is a distinctive feature.     

Trigeminal neuralgia

Two different clinical entities, essential or secondary neuralgia, are associated with different pathologies. The pathways of CN V comprise the cervical spine, the brainstem, the root of the nerve and the three peripheral branches: V1, V2 and V3. The lesions responsible for neuralgia are neoplastic, vascular, inflammatory, malformative or post-traumatic. The examination protocol should explore the set of CN V pathways. Neurovascular compression is the main cause of essential neuralgia. It is investigated by T2-weighted inframillimetric volume. Two conditions are necessary to diagnose a neurovascular compression: localised on the root entry zone [(REZ), 2–6 mm from the emergence of the pons] and perpendicularly. In the absence of neurovascular compression, thin slices and a gadolinium injection are necessary.     

Meckel囊在经皮穿刺球囊压迫术治疗三叉神经痛中的应用解剖

目的：对Meckel 囊及其周围重要结构进行解剖学研究，并进行模拟穿刺，为提高手术成功率、减少术后 并发症提供解剖学依据。方法：采用甲醛固定的尸头标本，观察和测量Meckel 囊及其毗邻结构相关数据；将卵 圆孔分为内前（ Ⅰ）、内后（ Ⅱ）、外前（ Ⅲ）、外后（ Ⅳ）4 个象限，在直视下分别将穿刺针放置于不同象限，模拟 穿刺过程，将球囊置于Meckel 囊中，并记录穿刺结果。结果：Meckel 囊是颅后窝硬脑膜跨过岩尖在颅中窝形成 的一个裂隙样硬脑膜袋，其平均长径（12.56±1.14）mm、宽径（9.17±0.93）mm、高度（4.37±0.85）mm。囊 内包含三叉神经根、三叉神经半月节及其分支，是经皮穿刺球囊压迫术中放置球囊的目标位置，当穿刺针置于卵 圆孔Ⅱ象限时穿刺成功率为75%，高于Ⅰ象限（56%）、Ⅲ象限（25%）和Ⅳ象限（38%），差异具有统计学意义。 结论：成功穿刺Meckel 囊是经皮穿刺球囊压迫术成功的关键，熟悉Meckel 囊及其毗邻重要结构对经皮穿刺球囊 压迫术的操作至关重要，从而提高手术效果，减少术后并发症。     

川芎茶调散加减治疗三叉神经痛42例疗效分析

目的：探讨川芎茶调散加减对三又神经痛的治疗效果，以供参考。方法：选择2009年10月-2012年9月我院三叉神经痛患者84例作为研究对象，根据随机分组。A组接受卡马西平治疗，B组同时接受川芎茶调散加减治疗。连续治疗4周后评价疗效，对比两组患者总有效率的差异性。结果：对比两组总有效率发现，B组明显高于A组，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：采用川芎茶调散加减辅助治疗三叉神经痛具有一定的优越性，值得推广应用。     

Pourfour du Petit Syndrome Associated With Right Eye Pressure

Pourfour du Petit (PDP) syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by ipsilateral mydriasis, eyelid retraction, and hemifacial hyperhidrosis caused by hyperactivity of the ipsilateral oculosympathetic pathway. A case is presented of PDP syndrome associated with likely ipsilateral occipital neuralgia. We review the causes and co‐morbidities and the clinical features of PDP.     

45例三叉神经痛患者体感诱发电位的分析与探讨

目的：探讨三叉神经痛患者三叉神经体感诱发电位（TSEP）的波形特征,临床价值以及手术和药物对TSEP的影响。方法：采用丹麦产DISA—2000M多导诱发肌电仪,对45例原发性三叉神经痛患者进行健侧和患侧的TSEP检查,以正常人TSEP数据作为对照,对结果进行对比分析。结果：（1）原发性三叉神经痛患者的健侧患侧比较,潜伏期N1、P3、N3及波幅N2P3、N3P4差异明显,有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。患者与健康者比较,潜伏期P1、N1、P2、N2、P3及波幅P1N1、N1P2、P2N2、N2P3、N3P4差异明显,有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。（2）原发性三叉神经痛患者TSEP高幅电位提前,潜伏期延迟。（3）手术后TSEP波形消失,药物对TSEP影响不大。结论：潜伏期N1、P3的延迟及波幅N2P3的升高,N3P4的降低可以作为原发性三叉神经痛的诊断标准。