Three-dimensional analysis of the effects of the treatment on anterior crossbite in the primary dentition

We performed measurement using a 3-dimensional measurement system in study models of children with anterior crossbite in the primary dentition treated using a chin cap and lingual arch, and evaluated changes in the dentition and occlusion after treatment based on measurement values and also using wire frame models. Comparing with the situation before treatment, the overbite of anterior teeth shows improvement to become shallow and the terminal plane becomes vertical type and the occlusal plane becomes flatter. Labioclination of upper anterior teeth, linguoclination of lower anterior teeth and backward movement of lower dentition are observed. Occlusal view shows that both upper and lower dental arch become semicircular configuration. The width, depth and height of the post-treatment dentition became closer to the standard values. Chin cap and lingual arch treatment for anterior crossbite during early childhood is effective, and also helpful in the normal development of occlusion in children.     

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and calcium hydroxide as pulp-capping agents in human teeth: a preliminary report

AIM: To compare mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) with calcium hydroxide when used as pulp-capping materials in human teeth. METHODOLOGY: Eleven pairs of maxillary third molars in subjects between 20 and 25 years of age were subjected to mechanical pulp exposure. The exposed pulps were capped with MTA or calcium hydroxide, covered with ZOE and restored with amalgam. A total of 14 teeth were extracted after periods of 1 week (two molars) 2 months (three molars), 3 months (five molars), 4 months (two molars) and 6 months (two molars). RESULTS: Histological evaluation demonstrated less inflammation, hyperaemia and necrosis plus thicker dentinal bridge and more frequent odontoblastic layer formation with MTA than calcium hydroxide. CONCLUSIONS: Although the results favour the use of MTA, more studies with larger samples and a longer follow up are suggested.     

下颌骨透明标本的制作及其血供系统的观测

目的 探索下颌骨血供系统的直观观测手段。方法 将6例墨汁灌注的新鲜下颌骨标本制作成透明标本，对其血供系统进行观察分析。结果 下颌骨制作成透明标本后，可以清晰观测其血供系统的来源、分布以及吻合情况。下颌骨血供系统主要由下牙槽动脉及其分支，以及骨膜动脉网来完成。结论 下颌骨透明标本是直观观测下颌骨血供的有效手段。     

可来福接头在神经外科静脉输液中的临床应用

目的:探讨可来福接头与肝素帽在神经外科住院患者中的使用效果。方法:将120例静脉输液的患者随机分为2组,第1组采用肝素帽,第2组采用可来福接头,观察其回血、堵管情况及输液顺利完成情况。结果:可来福接头明显优于肝素帽。结论:可来福接头在神经外科住院患者静脉输液治疗中效果明显,可在临床安全使用。     

透明袜套用于经外周置入中心静脉导管置管后导管保护的临床研究

目的探讨经外周置入中心静脉导管(PICC)置管后患者的导管维护方法。方法将320例PICC置管后患者按照随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组各160例,试验组以透明袜套套在PICC更换敷贴及肝素帽的手臂上;对照组PICC更换敷贴后不采用其他保护措施,观察比较两组不良反应发生率、意外情况发生率及提前更换敷料率。结果两组均随访至穿刺后第21天,试验组发生皮疹2例(1.25%)、胶布松脱1例(0.6%);对照组发生皮疹2例(1.25%)、卷边13例(8%)、胶布松脱12例(7.5%)、导管滑出2例(1.25%),两组不良反应发生率比较(1.25%VS1.25%),差异无统计学意义(P0.05);意外情况发生率比较(0.6%VS16.75%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=26.46,P0.05);对照组有20例提前更换敷贴(12.5%),试验组仅1例提前更换敷贴(0.6%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论透明袜套用于PICC导管及肝素帽的维护,保护了敷贴、胶布及肝素帽,使其不易被外界的牵拉力拉松、脱落,延长了敷贴粘贴时间,减少了不良反应的发生。     

留置针接肝素帽时三种封管排气法的效果观察

目的寻找留置针接肝素帽时封管排除帽内残留空气的有效方法。方法将150例术后留置有静脉留置针未连接肝素帽的输液患者随机分成实验组（A组）和对照组（B组、C组）,A组采用改良封管法,B组先回抽后封管,C组直接封管,比较三组病例封管后帽内空气残留、针管回血、患者对护士封管的满意度、紧张情绪产生状况。结果采用A组方法患者在无空气残留、无回血率、无紧张情绪产生、对护士封管的满意度方面明显优于对照（B、C）组（P〈0.05）。结论实验组方法能有效避免肝素帽内空气残留及静脉回血,减少患者的紧张情绪,提高患者对护士工作的满意度。     

平衡帽材料对准直器散射因子测量值的影响探讨

目的探讨平衡帽材料对准直器散射因子（Sc）测量值的影响。材料和方法采用由A－150塑料和铜制做成的两种平衡帽。用Farmer2570剂量仪分别测量6MVX线不同射野条件下电离室的电离值,并归一到参考射野,得到两组Sc值进行比较。结果使用铜材平衡帽时,电离室的电离值明显高于使用A－150塑料平衡帽时电离室的电离值,最大高出14％,但两组Sc值的差异并不显著,均在1％以内。结论虽然高密度材料和空气严重不等效,但对Sc测量值的影响较小,因此选用高密材料的平衡帽测量Sc（尤其在小野条件下）也不失为一种较好的方法。     

透明成形冠在乳前牙美容修复中的应用效果探讨

目的探讨透明成形冠在乳前牙美容修复中的应用效果。方法选取2016年3月至2017年3月我院收治的80例乳前牙大面积龋损患儿,随机分为对照组(n=40)与观察组(n=40)。对照组去腐后采用复合树脂填充,观察组在复合树脂全冠修复中应用透明成形冠。比较两组患儿治疗后6个月、12个月的乳前牙修复成功率及患儿家属对美容修复的满意程度。结果治疗后12个月,观察组的乳前牙修复成功率为97.50%,明显高于对照组的80.00%(P<0.05)。观察组患儿家属对美容修复的满意程度为100.00%,明显高于对照组的82.50%(P<0.05)。结论与传统乳前牙修复方式相比,透明成形冠技术可明显提高龋损患儿乳前牙修复成功率,且患儿家属对美容修复的满意程度较高,值得临床推广。