CT 对腮腺区肿块的诊断价值

评价ＣＴ对腮腺肿瘤的诊断价值。方法８８例腮腺区肿瘤进行ＣＴ平扫,ＣＴ增强扫描和／或腮腺造影ＣＴ扫描。结果：７８例为腺内肿瘤,其中７例为恶性;１０例为腺肿瘤。对ＣＴ肋腺区肿瘤定位准确,能准确显示肿瘤的范围,大小,数目及浸润情况。     

细支气管肺泡癌的CT表现

目的：回顾性分析细支气管肺泡癌（ＢＡＣ）的ＣＴ表现：方法：４２例经病理证实的ＢＡＣ,根据ＣＴ表现分为结节型,实变型和多结节型,分别为２３,１６和３例;结合献资料分析各型肺泡癌的ＣＴ征角。结果;结节型ＢＡＣ主要表现为：肺外周（９５．７％）,分叶（６９．６％）,空泡征或细支气管气象（６５．２％）,密度不均（６５．２％）,胸膜牵引（６０．９％）和毛玻璃影（５２．２％）;     

Diabetic maculopathy induced by vitreo-macular traction: evaluation by optical coherence tomography (OCT)

Aim: To evaluate the role and efficacy of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the evaluation of diabetic maculopathy induced by vitreo-retinal traction. Methods: 12 patients affected by diabetic maculopathy induced by vitreo-retinal traction were examined using biomicroscopy with a three-mirror contact lens, fluorescein angiography (FA) and OCT scanning in order to identify the presence of a vitreomacular traction. Results: OCT revealed two patterns of maculopathy which were characterised by a thickening of the superior profile of the OCT tomogram or by the disappearance and inversion of the physiologic foveal depression respectively. Conclusions: OCT may be useful in the characterisation and monitoring of diabetic maculopathy induced by vitreo-retinal traction. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

股骨头无血坏死的CT诊断及其与X线平片的关系

虽然对股骨头无血坏死的诊断CT不如MRI灵敏,但可与闪烁摄影媲美。我们对20例正常人(共27髋)进行了股骨头CT扫描作为对照,报告了13例(共15髋)股骨头无血坏死的CT所见并与X线平片分期进行了对照.正常股骨头内可见清晰的星芒征,在较低平面于股骨头内侧可见类似双环之现象。股骨头无血坏死时股骨头内星芒征分支融合成丛成簇,可有囊性变及股骨头骨折变形。CT发现骨折的灵敏度比平片高,因此可以提高疾病分期级别,有助于治疗方案的选择。     

A comparison of iopamidol and ioxaglate in CT enhancement

We evaluated the adverse reactions (AR) rate produced in patients to see if any difference related to the diferent chemotoxicities of two low-osmolality contrast media (CM), could be detected. We compared the AR rate intravenous administration for brain or body computed tomography (CT) enhancement of either the ionic CM ioxaglate 320 mgI/ml or the non-ionic iopamidol 300 mgI/ml at a dose of 0.8 gI/kg. Three hundred and thirty patients (164 ioxaglate, 166 iopamidol) were studied according to a randomized double-blind design. AR reported by the patients (subjective) and/or observed by the radiologist (objective) were recorded by the radiologist on the patients record card. Laboratory test were performed prior to and 24 h after contrast administration.Fifty-nine mild to moderate AR occurred in 30 patients (18.3%) receiving ioxaglate, 4 mild to moderate AR occurred in 2 patients (1.2%) receiving iopamidol (P < 0.05). No severe AR occurred in either group.The results of our study are comparative to the available evidence from 16 comparative randomized trials of iopamidol versus ioxaglate both after intraarterial and intravenous administration that gave an overall odds ratio of 3.9 [confidence interval (CI) 95% = 3.1–4.9].The diagnostic efficacy of the two CM was comparable. This study showed that the non-ionic CM iopamidol was better tolerated than the ionic ioxaglate after intravenous administration. We conclude that the chemotoxicity of the molecule influences the AR when CM with comparable osmolality are administered. Correspondence to: Carlo Del Favero     

Computerized axial tomography for the diagnosis of cerebral cysticercosis

Summary Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT) has proved extremely useful for the diagnosis of cerebral cysticercosis. The calcified small, multiple, and scattered cysts provide a typical image on CAT.The collection of non-calcified cysts in the subarachnoid spaces (racemose form) or in the ventricles may produce areas of low density similar to that of the cerebrospinal fluid. The dilatation of the ventricular system, extreme degrees of hydrocephalus, areas of cerebral atrophy, and other related changes induced by the cysts in the subarachnoid spaces are also clearly shown in the CAT. Four personal cases are reported.     

腮腺肿瘤的CT诊断价值探讨

目的 评估CT对腮腺肿瘤鉴别诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的37例腮腺肿瘤的CT表现。结果 25例良性肿瘤，密度均匀、边界清楚者23例；密度不均、部分境界不清者2例。12例恶性肿瘤，11例密度不均，边界模糊；1例密度较均，境界清楚。CT对腮腺肿瘤的定位准确率100％，而对良恶性定性诊断符合率分别为良性组92％，恶性组91.7％。结论 CT对腮腺肿瘤定位、定性诊断，特别是区别良恶性肿瘤方面有较高的价值。病灶边缘模糊不清是诊断恶性肿瘤的一个重要征像。     

冠状动脉MSCT成像技术探讨

目的探讨回顾性心电门控技术在MSCT冠状动脉成像中的应用。方法15例患者做MSCT冠状动脉成像检查,采用回顾性心电门控和心脏分段重建算法,选择0.5s螺旋扫描。在9个R-Rinterval上进行冠状动脉CT图像重建。结果15例患者的230个冠状动脉节段(内径>2mm)中,213个节段(91%)在70%R-Rinterval上显示最好,15(6.4)、9(3.8%)和3(1.3%)个节段分别在80%、40%和50%R-Rinterval上显示最好。结论冠状动脉通常在心动周期R波后70%R-Rinterval上显示最好。     

13例肝局灶性结节增生的CT和MR诊断

目的 探讨肝脏局灶性结节增生(FNH)的CT和MR表现及诊断价值。方法 回顾分析13例经手术病理证实为肝脏FNH的CT和MR表现，研究其影像的诊断价值。结果 13例FNH的CT和MR中7例表现较为典型，CT平扫等密度，T1WI为等信号，T2WI为等信号或稍高信号；部分病灶可见中央区低密度瘢痕，增强动脉期除中央瘢痕外均明显强化，门静脉期常见明显强化，延时期多为等密度，瘢痕可稍有强化；术前作出正确诊断。6例FNH表现不典型，CT低密度灶，T1WI为低信号，T2WI为高信号，无瘢痕和轻度强化；术前3例诊断为恶性肿瘤，3例诊断为血管瘤。结论 FNH的CT和MR表现在术前进行综合分析，多数可明确诊断。     

腺性膀胱炎24例的影像学诊断

目的　探讨腺性膀胱炎的影像诊断要点。方法　对 2 4例经膀胱镜及病理确诊为腺性膀胱炎的患者临床表现、膀胱镜超声波、CT及静脉尿路造影 (IVU )检查资料进行回顾性分析。结果　临床表现为血尿 11例 ,尿路刺激症 9例 ,排尿困难 8例 ,肾功能减退 2例。膀胱镜检查 2 2例 ,表现为菜花样改变 11例 ,水肿与滤泡样改变8例 ,粘膜粗糙 3例。18例行 B超检查 ,12例诊断为膀胱占位。行 IVU检查 15例 ,其中 10例诊断为膀胱占位 ,并经CT证实。 2 4例中并发膀胱癌 2例 ;1例多次复发。结论　腺性膀胱炎易与膀胱癌混淆 ,病理检查是确诊的依据 ,CT及 IVU检查能发现病变。CT检查时发现膀胱占位合并膀胱壁较广泛增厚而无壁外侵犯时 ,应高度怀疑本病