汉族男女七对显、隐性性状及基因频率的研究

目的探讨汉族男女在正常性状表现及基因频率的差异.方法调查湖南境内汉族男女7对正常遗传性状,并用Hardy-Weinberg定律和分离定律计算男女每一性状的基因频率.结果眼睑、拇指末关节的性状在汉族男女之间差异较大,而卷舌、耳垂、前额发际、发式、发旋无明显差异.结论同一民族不同性别在性状表现及基因频率方面存在差异,为中国人群体遗传学研究提供资料.     

手术治疗46例胸腰椎爆裂骨折的临床分析

目的探讨前路、后路、前后路联合手术治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的特点。方法依据对患者所选择的前路、后路、前后路联合手术术式分为三组,进行影像学评价和神经功能评价。结果各组末次随访脊髓功能评价分级提高情况采用R×C表x2检查方法进行统计学分析,各组差异无显著意义。各组术后cobb氏角改善率应用秩和检验方法进行统计学分析,各组差异无显著意义。结论我们综合应用Denis和McAfee的分型,结合了骨折形态、损伤机制和稳定性评价,对胸腰椎爆裂骨折的治疗有较好的指导意义。手术方式的选择更多基于脊柱机械性稳定性、神经性稳定性评价。综合考虑骨折部位、骨折后时间、患者年龄、工种以及术者对入路的熟悉程度等。     

广东汉族人蛋氨酸合成酶基因多态性

目的了解广东汉族人蛋氨酸合成酶基因的分布特点.方法应用聚合酶链反应技术对211例正常人蛋氨酸合成酶基因进行扩增,进行图谱分析.并结合文献进行了不同种族间的分析比较.结果广东汉族人群中MS基因型以AA最多见,AG次之.AA基因型频率为0.8009、AG为0.1802、GG为0.0189.A基因型频率为0.8910、G为0.1090.与其他种族相比较,MS基因型在中国正常人群中的分布与白种人群中的分布差异显著.结论蛋氨酸合成酶基因因多态性在不同种族间分布存在着明显的差异.     

阿尔茨海默氏病和帕金森氏病对老年人认知功能及日常生活能力的影响分析

目的探讨阿尔茨海默氏病(AD)和帕金森氏病(PD)对老年人认知功能及日常生活能力的影响。方法对2000～2003年就诊于我院的53例AD、68例PD和60例正常人应用简易智力量表(MMSE)和日常生活能力量表(ADL)进行分析。结果AD组与对照组相比MMSE总分及各因子分、ADL总分及各单项分均有显著性差异(P<0.01):PD组与对照组相比除MMSE的记忆力和语言因子分以及ADL第13项目(打电话)外,其余均有显著性差异(P<0.05):AD组与PD组相比除ADL第7项(穿衣)外均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论AD和PD对老年人的认知功能和日常生活能力均有显著的影响,两者相比,AD对老年人的影响更严重、更广泛。     

Genetically regulated human (T,G)-AL specific helper T cell replacing factors possess HLA-DR and Vh determinants

Human (T,G)-AL specific T cell helper factors secreted by in vitro activated peripheral blood lymphocytes of normal donors were characterized. Factors were passed through columns of Sepharose coupled either to antibodies against human immunoglobulin or antibodies against the variable region of the heavy (V_h) and light (V_l) chains of human immunoglobulin. In addition, the same factors were applied to columns of Sepharose coupled to anti-HLA-DR antibodies or to monoclonal antibodies against human Ia or β₂-microglobulin. The activity of the antigen specific factors was removed by the anti-V_h antibodies and not by anti-V_l or anti-human immunoglobulin antibodies. The factors passed through Sepharose coupled to anti-DR antibodies could be removed and eluted from columns of anti-DR antibodies relevant to the donors' DR antigens. The same factors were also removed by a monoclonal antibody (anti-Ia) which recognizes a monomorphic determinant on HLA-DR, but not by monoclonal anti-β₂-microglobulin. The results suggest that the genetically regulated (T,G)-AL specific helper factors possess HLA-DR as well as V_h determinants in their active moiety.     

老年糖调节受损者不同转归情况应对方式的比较研究

目的：探讨老年糖调节受损（IGR）者的应对方式特点,并比较不同转归情况的老年IGR者应对方式的差异.方法：对220例老年IGR者的空腹血浆葡萄糖（FPG）及口服葡萄糖试验2小时血浆葡萄糖（OGTT2hPG）进行测定,并用特质应对方式问卷（TCSQ）对其应对方式进行评定,对不同转归情况的老年IGR者应对方式的差异进行比较.结果：老年IGR者的应对方式总体上是比较积极的,积极应对得分高于国内常模（P＜0.001）;有27.73%～78.64%的老年IGR者采用不同形式的积极应对方式,而4.09%～18.18%采取消极应对方式;不同转归组的老年IGR者应对方式的差异无显著性（P＞0.05）.结论：在老年IGR者的心理干预中应多关注采用积极应对方式较少、消极应对方式较多的这些人群.     

Unusual reactions following insect stings. Clinical features and immunologic analysis.

Fifteen patients were studied who had unusual reactions following insect stings. These included serum sickness, neurologic disease, renal disease, and delayed hypersensitivity-type reactions. The clinical features are briefly outlined. Measurements were made of serum venom-specific IgE and IgG antibodies. These antibodies were present in some patients and in these instances suggested an immunologic pathogenesis for the reactions. Alternative etiologies for the unusual reactions are also discussed.     

Subsensitivity of T lymphocytes to sympathomimetic and cholinergic stimulation in bronchial asthma.

The effect of adrenergic and cholinergic drugs on short incubation “active” E rosette formation was studied in 19 patients with bronchial asthma and 17 healthy controls. Both groups had an equal absolute number of baseline “active” E rosettes, but the asthmatics demonstrated a higher percent baseline value. The beta adrenergic drug isoproterenol (10^?3 M) inhibited the formation of “active” E rosettes in asthmatics by only 18.0% as compared to a 60.8% inhibition in the control group. Carbamylcholine (10^?5 M) a cholinergic agonist, also showed a lower than normal response in asthmatics, 34.3% enhancement of “active” E rosetting compared to a 52.4% enhancement in the controls. The alpha adrenergic agent phenylephrine (10^?5 M) exhibited equal enhancing effects in both groups, 34.2% in the asthmatics and 36.5% in the controls. Isoproterenol (10^?3 M) had a minimal effect on inhibition of long incubation “total” E rosettes in both groups studied. The beta adrenergic abnormality conforms to the beta blockade theory of asthma of Szentivanyi. The cholinergic abnormality is unexplained in view of the hyperresponsiveness of patients with asthma to cholinergic agents in vivo. Patients with bronchial asthma probably have an autonomic dysfunction that may play a role in the pathogenesis of their disease.     

Body temperature is elevated in the early postmortem period

During the collection of specimens at autopsy for biochemical analysis, it was observed that body temperatures were higher than expected. To evaluate this observation further, rectal temperatures were determined at the earliest feasible time after death in 20 adult patients for whom recent premortem rectal temperatures were available for comparison. The average premortem temperature was 37.6 degrees C (range, 34.9 to 41.1 degrees C) and had been obtained 19 to 240 minutes (average, 107 minutes) before death. The average postmortem temperature, also 37.6 degrees C (range, 35.5 to 41.3 degrees C), was obtained 116 to 401 minutes (average, 202 minutes) after death. In the 11 patients in whom the postmortem interval was less than three hours (average, 155 minutes), there was an average postmortem temperature increase of 0.5 degree C (range, +1.3 to -0.7 degree C). The results suggest that there is usually an initial postmortem elevation in body temperature as measured rectally, probably as a result of continuing tissue and bacterial metabolism in the absence of the usual heat-dispersal mechanisms. This phenomenon should be considered when postmortem materials are used for analysis or when postmortem interval is determined by body temperature.