选择性支气管动脉插管药物治疗中,晚期肺癌

对34例中晚期肺癌进行选择性支气管动脉插管药物灌注.药物为 LAK 细胞,IL-2、卡铂、表阿霉素。结果显示,肿块明显消退12例占35.2%,部分消退18例占52.5%、无变化4例占12.7%、总有效率为87.3%。通过对支气管动脉插管技术,灌注疗法同其它治疗方法的优缺点进行比较,认为本疗法优于周围静脉给药且无严重并发症,副作用轻,不失为一种可供选择的治疗方法.     

术前区域动脉持续灌注化疗并栓塞治疗局部晚期乳腺癌的临床观察

目的：观察术前区域动脉持续灌注化疗并栓塞治疗局部晚期乳腺癌的效果。方法：应用术前超选择区域动脉插管持续灌注化疗结合次要供血动脉栓塞的方案,经治Ⅲａ,ｂ 期乳腺癌患者９ 例。结果：在治疗后的１ 个月内取得良好效果,有效率达８９ ％ （８／９） 。结论：局部晚期乳腺癌术前区域动脉持续灌注化疗配合次要供血动脉栓塞可有效提高术前化疗疗效,显著缩短疗程且毒副反应小、简便,值得推广应用。     

区域动脉灌注治疗重症急性胰腺炎116例报告

目的为探讨提高重症急性胰腺炎的疗效。方法应用Ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒ法,置导管于胰腺病变供血动脉内,灌注抑酶制剂和抗生素,以提高进入胰腺组织内的药物浓度,达到控制胰腺病变和预防继发性感染的目的。结果通过１１６例区域动脉灌注的方法和综合疗法,明显减少了坏死胰腺组织的感染,降低了死亡率。结论该法是治疗重症急性胰腺炎的新疗法,特别适合于胰腺早期病变的治疗。     

Laparoscopic Placement of Hepatic Artery Infusion Pumps: Technical Considerations and Early Results

Background Laparoscopic hepatic artery infusion pump (LHAIP) placement is a novel treatment option for patients with colorectal liver metastases. This study investigates technical difficulties with regard to variant hepatic arteries and the preliminary outcomes for patients treated with LHAIP placement.Methods Between March 1998 and January 2003, 38 patients with colorectal metastases confined to the liver, 35 (92%) of who had prior systemic chemotherapy that failed, were treated with LHAIP.Results Twelve patients (32%) had LHAIP placement only, and 26 (68%) had pump placement combined with laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation (LRFA; 24 patients) and/or liver resection (2 patients). Variant hepatic arterial (HA) anatomy was present in 18 patients (47%). The presence of a variant HA did not increase pump complications, operative time, or blood loss (P .20) or decrease the functional time of pump use (P = .91) in comparison with normal anatomy. In all patients with a variant HA, laparoscopic ligation of the variant vessel and/or cannulation of nongastroduodenal artery resulted in complete hepatic perfusion. Three misperfusions identified intraoperatively with use of methylene blue injection were corrected by laparoscopic ligation (two) or postoperative angioembolization (one). Postoperative pump radionuclide flow studies confirmed isolated hepatic artery infusion in all cases. There was a 13% pump-related complication rate. During a median follow-up of 11 months (0.5 to 35.5 months), the actuarial rate of overall survival was 47% and the estimated median survival time was 17.5 months.Conclusions LHAIP placement is technically feasible, and variant HA is not associated with increased pump complications or decreased pump functional time.     

Morbidity of adjuvant hepatic arterial infusion pump chemotherapy in the management of colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver

BACKGROUND: Surgical resection remains the treatment of choice for patients with colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver. Hepatic arterial infusion pump (HAIP) chemotherapy in combination with surgical resection has been demonstrated in a recent study to improve disease-free and overall survival for patients with colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver. Other reports, however, have indicated significant toxicity related to HAIP chemotherapy in the form of biliary sclerosis. Thus, the value of adjuvant HAIP chemotherapy following hepatic resection or ablation remains controversial. The aim of this study was to examine the survival and toxicity in a single institutional experience with adjuvant HAIP chemotherapy. METHODS: Review of a prospective hepatobiliary database was performed. HAIP were placed in the standard technique following resection and/or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of all liver metastases. Patients received floxuridine (FUDR) via the HAIP at standard doses. Complications were graded according to a standard 5-point grading scale. Statistical analysis was performed by chi(2) test. RESULTS: Thirty-four of 86 patients underwent placement of HAIP at the time of hepatic resection or ablation between January 1999 and November 2002. The HAIP group demonstrated a significantly greater (P <0.05) number (median 5 vs. 2) and size (median 5 cm vs. 3 cm) of hepatic lesions compared to the group without HAIP. The HAIP group experienced a greater frequency of complications (53% vs. 33%), with 6 (18%) patients in the HAIP group demonstrating biliary sclerosis. There were no deaths within 30 days of surgery. Median survival was similar in both groups (HAIP 20 months, no HAIP 24 months). CONCLUSIONS: Patients in the HAIP group had significantly worse overall predictors of outcome in metastatic colorectal cancer, yet the median overall survival in both groups was similar. However, adjuvant HAIP chemotherapy was associated with significantly greater morbidity. Given the availability of newer active systemic agents and regimens, the value of adjuvant HAIP chemotherapy remains controversial.     

Anaesthesia for carotid endarterectomy: comparison of hypnotic- and opioid-based techniques

Background. Although the synergistic interaction between hypnoticsand opioids for total i.v. anaesthesia has been repeatedly demonstrated,questions about different dose combinations of hypnotics andopioids remain. The optimal combination would be based on maximalsynergy, using the lowest dose of both drugs and having thelowest incidence of side-effects. Methods. The major goal of this prospective randomized studywas to compare two different dose combinations of propofol andremifentanil (both administered by target controlled infusion(TCI)) in respect of haemodynamics during surgery and recovery,and the need for cardiovascular treatment in the recovery room.A secondary goal was to compare pain scores (VAS) and morphineconsumption in the recovery room. Anaesthesia was induced inboth groups using TCI propofol, adjusted to obtain a bispectralindex score (BIS) value between 40 and 60. TCI for remifentanilcommenced at an initial effect-site concentration of 0.5 ng ml^–1,and was adjusted according to haemodynamics. Patients were dividedinto one of two groups during anaesthesia: (i) Group H, hypnoticanaesthesia (n=23), propofol effect-site concentration maintainedat 2.4 µg ml^–1; and (ii) Group O, opioidanaesthesia (n=23), propofol effect-site concentration maintainedat 1.2 µg ml^–1. In both groups, remifentanileffect-site concentration was adjusted according to haemodynamicsand changes in BIS value. Results. In Group O, more episodes of intraoperative hypotension(P<0.02) and hypertension (P<0.01), and fewer episodesof tachycardia were observed. More patients in Group O requirednicardipine administration for postoperative hypertension (8patients in Group H vs 15 patients in Group O, P<0.04). Duringrecovery, morphine titration was necessary in     

促性腺激素释放激素拮抗剂方案中卵巢反应性相关因素分析

目的研究促性腺激素释放激素拮抗剂（GnRH—ant）方案中卵巢反应性的影响因素及其与妊娠结局的关系。方法分析因输卵管因素和（或）男方因素在我院生殖中心进行体外受精／卵胞浆内单精子注射（IVF／ICSI）助孕的患者共452个周期,按患者的卵巢反应性分为卵巢低反应组、正常反应组和高反应组,比较拮抗剂方案中患者的一般情况、内分泌激素水平、促性腺激素（Gn）用药时间和剂量、获卵数、受精率及临床妊娠结局,并分析上述因素与卵巢反应性的关系。结果（1）在卵巢低反应组、正常反应组和高反应组中,患者的年龄、基础卵泡刺激素（bFSH）水平、基础睾酮（T）水平、窦卵泡计数（AFC）之间差异有统计学意义（P〈O．05）。（2）三组患者人绒毛膜促性腺激素（HCG）日的雌二醇（E：）水平、Gn的用量、取卵数、移植数、冷冻数及流产率之间差异有统计学意义（P〈O．05）;Gn的用药时间、子宫内膜厚度之间差异无统计学意义（P〉O．05）;卵巢低反应组的临床妊娠率（30．28％）明显低于其他两组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。（3）多因素Logistic回归显示,年龄、bFSH水平及总Gn用量与卵巢反应性呈负相关,取卵数与卵巢反应性呈正相关。结论拮抗剂方案中,卵巢反应性与患者的年龄、bFSH水平及Gn用量有关,对卵巢反应性进行评估应当结合患者的一般情况、超声学检查及内分泌特点等多因素进行综合分析。     

诱导hBMSCs成骨分化中微小RNA和靶基因表达水平的变化

目的明确萎缩性骨不连组织中表达上调的数种微小RNA(micro RNA,miRNA)与其相应靶基因mRNA、蛋白在hBMSCs成骨分化过程中的表达变化趋势和生物学功能。方法取自体髂骨植骨手术患者的髂骨骨髓血,采用密度梯度离心法分离培养hBMSCs。取第4代hBMSCs以成骨诱导培养液诱导成骨分化,分别提取0、12 h,1、2、4、7、14 d时的细胞总RNA和蛋白,进行miRNA的实时定量PCR(quantitative real-time PCR,qRT-PCR)、相应靶基因mRNA的qRT-PCR和蛋白Western blot检测。结果诱导hBMSCs成骨分化时,成骨性靶基因碱性磷酸酶(alkalinephosphatase liver/bone/kidney,ALPL)、PDGF-α多肽(PDGF-αpolypeptide,PDGF-A)和BMP-2的mRNA和蛋白表达在多数时间点同对照(0 h)相比增加(BMP-2在12 h和1 d时下降),1～7 d变化最为显著。不同时间点的miRNA、靶基因mRNA和蛋白表达水平存在差异,其中hsa-miRNA-149*和hsa-miRNA-654-5p miRNA含量的变化趋势与各自靶基因ALPL和BMP-2的mRNA及蛋白表达水平总体上成负相关(P<0.05),hsa-miRNA-221与其靶基因PDGF-A的变化趋势无明显负相关关系(P>0.05)。结论诱导hBMSCs成骨分化过程中,hsa-miRNA-149*和hsa-miRNA-654-5p对其相应靶基因ALPL和BMP-2的mRNA及蛋白存在密切调控关系。     

不同剂量瑞芬太尼复合七氟醚控制性降压对神经外科手术患者脑氧代谢的影响

目的观察瑞芬太尼复合七氟醚控制性降压对神经外科手术患者脑氧代谢的影响。方法选择拟行控制性降压的神经外科手术患者60例,随机均分为三组:R1组为瑞芬太尼3ng/ml复合七氟醚组,瑞芬太尼效应室靶浓度设定为3ng/ml;R2组为瑞芬太尼6ng/ml复合七氟醚组,瑞芬太尼效应室靶浓度设定为6ng/ml;N组为硝普钠组。R1、R2组同时吸入七氟醚,控制七氟醚呼出气浓度为1MAC,N组泵注硝普钠的速率为1～3μg·kg-1·min-1。记录麻醉前10min(T0)、降压后10min(T1)、30min(T2)、停止降压10min(T3)、30min(T4)时的MAP和HR,采集相应时点的颈内静脉血和动脉血作血气分析,计算动脉血氧含量(CaO2)、颈内静脉球部血氧含量(CjvO2)、脑动-静脉血氧含量差(Da-jvO2)、脑氧摄取率(CERO2)。结果 T1～T4时R1、R2组,T1、T2时N组MAP明显低于T0时(P<0.01),T2时R2组MAP明显低于N组和R1组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。T1～T4时N组HR明显快于T0时和R1、R2组(P<0.01),T1～T3时R1、R2组HR明显慢于T0时,而T2时R2组HR明显慢于R1组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。T1～T4时三组CjvO2明显高于T0时(P<0.01),而Da-jvO2与CERO2明显低于T0时(P<0.01),T1、T2时R1、R2组CjvO2高于N组(P<0.05),而Da-jvO2与CERO2低于N组(P<0.05)。结论瑞芬太尼复合七氟醚控制性降压可降低神经外科手术患者的脑氧代谢,降压平稳迅速,HR缓慢,停止降压后无BP反跳现象,有利于围术期脑保护。