Humoral immunity to Malassezia furfur serovars A, B and C in patients with pityriasis versicolor, seborrheic dermatitis and controls

Abstract This study examined the humoral immune responses to Malassezia furfur serovars A, B and C of 10 patients with pityriasis versicolor, 10 patients with seborrheic dermatitis and 20 age- and sex-matched controls. A transferable solid-phase ELISA was used to determine titres of total Igs, IgM, IgA and IgG specific to M. furfur serovars A, B and C. The results demonstrated that patients with seborrheic dermatitis had a significantly higher litre of total Igs to serovar A than patients with pityriasis versicolor; and that patients with seborrheic dermatitis had a significantly higher litre of IgA to serovar C than patients with pityriasis versicolor. The litres of total Igs for controls and patienls with seborrheic dermatitis were significantly lower to serovar B than to serovar C. A modified TSP ELISA was used to determine the titres of the IgG subclasses. Titres of IgG _1,3,4 to serovar B were significantly higher in seborrheic dermatitis patients than pityriasis versicolor patients and litres of IgG₃, to serovar A were significantly higher in seborrheic dermatitis patients than pityriasis versicolor patients. However, despite the differences between the patient groups, none of these results was significantly different to those of controls. Thus, this study did not demonstrate any differences in humoral immunity of patients suffering from Malassezia-associated dermatoses when compared to normal controls. These results may suggest that the humoral immune response to M. furfur is not related to the pathogenesis of Malassezia-associated dermatoses, but simply to the carriage of M. furfur on the skin.     

25％乙基硫环磷农药的诱变性研究

本文对新型有机磷农药，２５％乙基硫环磷进行了Ａｍｅｓ及微核两项诱变性试验研究。Ａｍｅｓ试验中，无论是否加入Ｓ９活化系统，２５％乙基硫环磷均未能诱发回变菌落数的增加；微核试验的各剂量组ＰＣＥ微核率也较低，（２‰～３‰），与阴性对照相比无显著性差异。     

Raz four-corner suspension for severe cystocele: Poor results

The Raz four-corner suspension for the treatment of severe (grades 3 and 4) cystocele has yielded poor results, and is the subject of this paper. During a 10-month period from June 1988 to April 1989, 27 patients with severe cystocele and genuine stress incontinence were treated by the Raz four-corner suspension. Each patient had full preoperative urodynamic evaluation. Twenty-two patients were available for follow-up examinations at 3.5–4 years. At the 6-week postoperative examination all patients had excellent support of the anterior vaginal wall, including the restoration of the anterolateral vaginal wall sulci. However, within 10 months, 6 patients had recurrence of cystoceles of grade 2 or more. These results led to the abandonment of this procedure. On long-term follow-up examination at 3.5–4 years, 59% (13/22) of the patients had recurrence of cystoceles of grade 2 or more. The possible causes for these poor results are discussed. At present therefore, the Raz four-corner suspension for severe cystoceles is not recommended.     

Sulphanilic acid: divergent results in the guinea pig maximization test and the local lymph node assay

The guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) has proven to be a valuable tool for the identification of the skin sensitization potential of chemicals. The method identifies a hazard which can lead in the EC to compulsory labelling of that chemical. In the present study, data on sulphanilic acid derived from the GPMT has been compared with results from a second guinea pig assay (the cumulative contact enhancement test) and the murine local lymph node assay, both of which require only topical application of chemical. Except for the GPMT, no test identified any sensitizing activity associated with exposure to sulphanilic acid. These latter results are consistent with the experience gained from substantial human exposure in an occupational setting and from which no cases of allergic contact dermatitis to sulphanilic acid have arisen over a 20-year period. In consequence, it is questioned which test protocol in practice has given the more accurate identification of sensitization hazard relevant to man.     

胶体金免疫层析法检测尿hCG的质量控制方法探讨

目的通过对胶体金免疫层析法（GICA）试纸条评价,建立该方法的检测尿hCG的室内质控.方法利用hCG不同浓度的标准品评价试纸条的敏感性、重复性、稳定性、检测范围,检测温度及时间对试纸条检测尿hCG结果的影响等.结果GICA的检测范围25-100万mlU/ml,最低检出限达25mIU/ml,大于200万mIU/ml时存在后带现象.试纸条反应5分钟后呈色均一,最佳检测温度为4-30℃.结论灵敏度检测可作为GICA室内质控的主要指标,它能保证检测结果的准确性.     

Clinical status and parasitic infection in a Wichi Aboriginal community in Salta,Argentina

In a study, carried out in 2000, of the clinical and parasitological status of a Wichi Aboriginal community living in the suburbs of Tartagal, northern Salta, Argentina, 154 individuals were screened for parasitic infections. Ninety-five faecal samples were also obtained from the same population. Ninety-three percent of the subjects were positive for 1 or more of the parasites investigated by direct test and 70.5% of them had parasitic superinfection. The most frequent helminths were Strongyloides stercoralis (50.5%) and hookworm (47.4%). We found low reinfection rates and a long reinfection period after treatment and provision of safe water and sanitation. Serum reactivity of these patients was analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescent assay and 22.1% of them had anti-Toxocara antibodies, 16.2% were positive for a complex antigen of Leishmania braziliensis, 29.9% were positive for a complex Trypanosoma cruzi antigen, and 17.5% were positive for a specific Trypanosoma cruzi antigen, Ag1 63136/cruzipain.     

Quantification of naturally occurring benzodiazepine-like substances in human breast milk

The possible occurrence of benzodiazepine-like substances in human breast milk was investigated in 35 healthy, newly delivered women who were known not to be taking benzodiazepines. Maternal blood samples and a sample of breast milk were obtained on the fifth post partum day. A radioreceptor technique (lower limit of detection 1.5 ng/ml; difference between duplicates at various concentrations <7%) was used for measuring benzodiazepine-like substances in blood and breast milk (with and without prior extraction). No benzodiazepine-like substances could be demonstrated in any of the blood samples taken from the 35 women. Measurable concentrations of benzodiazepine-like substances were demonstrated in all but 1 of the 35 breast milk samples. The mean concentration of benzodiazepine-like substances for all 35 women was 4.3±2.3 ng/ml (range 0–9.3 ng/ml) expressed as lorazepam. The corresponding value for extracted breast milk was 2.6±1.5 ng/ml (range 0–7.0 ng/ml). There was no association between concentrations of benzodiazepine-like substances in breast milk and maternal age, weight, height and body mass or parity, or the sex of the infant and infant birth weight. We suggest that non-detectable amounts of benzodiazepine-like substances in serum are concentrated in the mammillary glands and excreted in a higher concentration in breast milk. It is less likely that the relevant benzodiazepines are produced in the mammillary glands.     

淋巴细胞β受体与放射配基结合所需孵育时间的确定

介绍理论运算和实验测量相结合，确定淋巴细胞膜碎片β受体与标记配基结合所需平衡时间的方法。结果表明：二种方法所得平衡时间基本一致。多点法时平衡时间需25-30min；单点法时需5-7min。     

经吻合器直肠下端黏膜环形切除肛垫悬吊术治疗脱垂性痔

目的　探讨利用吻合器通过切除直肠下端黏膜 ,肛垫悬吊治疗脱垂性痔的手术疗效和安全性。方法　应用该术式治疗 31例Ⅲ、Ⅳ度环形脱垂痔患者 ,男 18例 ,女 13例 ,平均年龄 49岁 ,痔脱垂病史 7年 ,11例曾接受硬化剂治疗 ,3例有手术治疗史。结果　 2 1例术后立即完全回缩 ,8例术后第 3天后完全回缩 ,2例未能完全回缩。无术后肛门疼痛及肛门部水肿 ,无吻合口出血、尿潴留。术后平均住院 4d ,随访 2～ 2 4个月。术后无大便失禁、肛门狭窄、复发。结论　经吻合器直肠下端黏膜环形切除肛垫悬吊术治疗脱垂性痔具有疗效显著、手术后并发症少、住院时间短等特点。