Preproghrelin基因rs696217位点单核苷酸多态性与广州番禺人群2型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的探讨广州市番禺区人群2型糖尿病(T2DM)与Preproghrelin基因rs696217位点单核苷酸多态性的相关性。方法提取来自番禺人群的非糖尿病人(对照组)和T2DM患者(T2DM组)的DNA,采用PCR-RFLP,检测其Preproghrelin基因rs696217位点的基因型,比较组间基因型、等位基因频率分布的差异。结果对照组116例样本中,CC 96例、AC 20例,AA 0例;基因型频率分别为:0.828、0.172、0。T2DM组118例样本中,CC 89例、AC 24例、AA 5例,基因型频率分别为:0.754、0.203、0.043。对照组和T2DM组的基因型频率分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡。组间基因型和等位基因频率差异无统计学意义。结论未发现Preproghrelin基因rs696217位点单核苷酸多态性与广州市番禺区人群2型糖尿病直接相关。但在T2DM组中检测到AA基因型,预测等位基因A在T2DM发生中可能有某种作用,有待进一步研究。     

Over-the-Counter “Adrenal Support” Supplements Contain Thyroid and Steroid-Based Adrenal Hormones

Objective

To assess whether dietary supplements that are herbal and/or animal-derived products, marketed for enhancing metabolism or promoting energy, “adrenal fatigue,” or “adrenal support,” contain thyroid or steroid hormones.

Impact of hypotension after return of spontaneous circulation on survival in patients of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Objective

To investigate the relationship between hypotension in the first 3 h after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

PDR患者外周血CD4+CD25+T细胞和相关基因FOXP3的变化及临床意义

目的：探讨增殖性糖尿病视网膜病（ proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR）患者外周血CD4＋CD25＋T细胞及相关基因FOXP3表达变化意义,观察其在PDR发病中的临床意义。
　　方法：采用流式细胞术检测PDR患者及正常对照外周血CD4＋CD25＋T细胞比例,Q－PCR测PDR患者、糖尿病和正常人中 FOXP3, IL－17和CTLA－4的 mRNA 表达,并用Wilcoxon秩和检验和直线相关分析法分析PDR患者糖化血红蛋白、年龄、血脂、肾功能的临床资料及它们之间相关度。
　　结果：PDR患者CD4＋T细胞降低,CD4＋CD25＋T无显著差异,FOXP3和CTLA－4在PDR中下降, IL－17增高。 CD4＋T细胞与年龄相关,CD4＋CD25＋T与患者的血肌酐存在正相关性,CD4＋CD25＋T细胞水平与年龄、糖化血红蛋白、血脂、血肌酐（ Cr）、尿素氮（ BUN）均无明显相关性。 PDR患者糖化血红蛋白、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白均高于正常值。
　　结论：CD4＋CD25＋T细胞可能参与PDR的发病机制,并且血脂异常提示PDR可能与血脂相关。     

Immune Modulation by Vitamin D and Its Relevance to Food Allergy

Apart from its classical function in bone and calcium metabolism, vitamin D is also involved in immune regulation and has been linked to various cancers, immune disorders and allergic diseases. Within the innate and adaptive immune systems, the vitamin D receptor and enzymes in monocytes, dendritic cells, epithelial cells, T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes mediate the immune modulatory actions of vitamin D. Vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency early in life has been identified as one of the risk factors for food allergy. Several studies have observed an association between increasing latitude and food allergy prevalence, plausibly linked to lower ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure and vitamin D synthesis in the skin. Along with mounting epidemiological evidence of a link between vitamin D status and food allergy, mice and human studies have shed light on the modulatory properties of vitamin D on the innate and adaptive immune systems. This review will summarize the literature on the metabolism and immune modulatory properties of vitamin D, with particular reference to food allergy.     

Effects of Dietary Plant Sterols and Stanol Esters with Low- and High-Fat Diets in Chronic and Acute Models for Experimental Colitis

In this study, we evaluated the effects of dietary plant sterols and stanols as their fatty acid esters on the development of experimental colitis. The effects were studied both in high- and low-fat diet conditions in two models, one acute and another chronic model of experimental colitis that resembles gene expression in human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In the first experiments in the high fat diet (HFD), we did not observe a beneficial effect of the addition of plant sterols and stanols on the development of acute dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) colitis. In the chronic CD4CD45RB T cell transfer colitis model, we mainly observed an effect of the presence of high fat on the development of colitis. In this HFD condition, the presence of plant sterol or stanol did not result in any additional effect. In the second experiments with low fat, we could clearly observe a beneficial effect of the addition of plant sterols on colitis parameters in the T cell transfer model, but not in the DSS model. This positive effect was related to the gender of the mice and on Treg presence in the colon. This suggests that especially dietary plant sterol esters may improve intestinal inflammation in a T cell dependent manner.     

Toxicology of 3-epi-deoxynivalenol,a deoxynivalenol-transformation product by Devosia mutans 17-2-E-8

Microbial detoxification of deoxynivalenol (DON) represents a new approach to treating DON-contaminated grains. A bacterium Devosia mutans 17-2-E-8 was capable of completely transforming DON into a major product 3-epi-DON and a minor product 3-keto-DON. Evaluation of toxicities of these DON-transformation products is an important part of hazard characterization prior to commercialization of the biotransformation application. Cytotoxicities of the products were demonstrated by two assays: a MTT bioassay assessing cell viability and a BrdU assay assessing DNA synthesis. Compared with DON, the IC₅₀ values of 3-epi-DON and 3-keto-DON were respectively 357 and 3.03 times higher in the MTT bioassay, and were respectively 1181 and 4.54 times higher in the BrdU bioassay. Toxicological effects of 14-day oral exposure of the B6C3F₁ mouse to DON and 3-epi-DON were also investigated. Overall, there were no differences between the control (free of toxin) and the 25 mg/kg bw/day or 100 mg/kg bw/day 3-epi-DON treatments in body and organ weights, hematology and organ histopathology. However, in mice exposed to DON (2 mg/kg bw/day), white blood cell numbers and serum immunoglobulin levels were altered relative to controls, and lesions were observed in adrenals, thymus, stomach, spleen and colon. Taken together, in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that 3-epi-DON is substantially less toxic than DON.     

血清CK-MB和cTnT水平评估先天性心脏病患儿介入治疗后心肌损伤的价值

目的探讨血清肌酸激酶同工酶MB（CK‐MB）和心肌钙蛋白 T （cTnT ）水平评估先天性心脏病（CHD）介入治疗后心肌损伤的价值。方法接受心导管介入封堵术CHD患儿152例分为继发孔型房间隔缺损（ASD组,49例）、膜部室间隔缺损（VSD组,61例）和动脉导管未闭（PDA组, 42例）三组,免疫抑制法和化学发光法检测术前、术后即刻及术后48 h血清CK‐MB和cTnT 水平。结果三组患儿术前血清CK‐MB和cTnT 均在正常水平。ASD、VSD组术后即刻血清CK‐MB水平均升高（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）;VSD组术后48 h血清CK‐MB水平低于术后即刻（P＜0．05）。三组术后即刻血清 cT nT 水平均升高（ P＜0．05或P＜0．01）。三组术后48 h血清 cT nT 水平均下降（P＜0．05）,但VSD、PDA组仍高于术前（P＜0．05）。结论检测血清CK‐MB和cTnT 两项指标均可用于评估CHD患儿介入治疗后心肌损伤,血清cTnT水平更敏感。