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31.
21 d-6°头低位卧床期间运动训练对动态姿态平衡的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探讨21 d-6°头低位卧床和卧床运动训练对动态姿态平衡和控制功能的影响. 方法 10名健康男性青年被试者分为卧床对照组和卧床训练组,每组5人,卧床期间训练组每天进行2次、每次30 min逐级增加负荷的头低位功率自行车训练;分别于卧床前和卧床后21 d进行了动态姿态平衡和双膝等速肌力的测试. 结果与卧床前相比,对照组动态本体感觉得分和运动控制适应能力明显降低,双膝相对峰力矩明显降低,同时伴有腘绳肌与股四头肌峰力矩屈/伸比值的明显增加;训练组动态本体感觉得分和运动控制适应能力明显高于对照组,而腘绳肌与股四头肌峰力矩屈/伸比值无明显改变. 结论 21 d-6°头低位卧床运动训练能够明显改善卧床后动态姿态平衡及其动态运动适应功能. 相似文献
32.
门脉高压症患者肝脏储备功能评估的临床研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 :探讨肝硬化门脉高压症患者术前肝脏储备功能的评估方法。方法 :用L ogistic多元回归法分析了 80例门脉高压症断流患者术后出现肝功能不全的相关因素 ,从中筛选与肝功不全关系最密切的危险因子。结果 :排除手术操作本身的影响后 ,术后发生肝功不全影响最大的因素依次为 :肝性脑病 ( ENC)、血浆吲哚氰绿潴留试验 ( ICGR15)及门静脉充血指数 ( PCI)等 ,而术前的血清总胆红素 ( TBIL)、白蛋白 ( A)、A/G比值、总胆汁酸( TBA)、透明质酸 ( HA)、凝血酶原时间 ( PT)、门静脉内径 ( dp)、门静脉流速 ( Vp)及门静脉流量 ( Qp)等因素 ,在多元回归中所占比例不大。结论 :综合分析术前患者临床指标和肝功能实验室检查有助于评价肝硬化患者肝储备功能 ,预测手术风险及术后转归 相似文献
33.
H. Kitamura T. Shioiri M. Itoh Y. Sato K. Shichiri & T. Someya 《Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR》2007,51(10):812-820
Background Evidence suggests that, as a group, patients with schizophrenia have intellectual deficits that may precede the manifestation of psychotic symptoms; however, how successfully intelligence tests are able to discriminate schizophrenia from other psychotic disorders has yet to be investigated in detail. Methods Using Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Revised (WAIS‐R) data for 55 inpatients with schizophrenia and 28 inpatients with non‐schizophrenic psychotic disorders (NSPD) (schizophreniform disorder, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, psychotic disorder due to a general medical condition, and psychotic disorders not otherwise specified), intelligence performance was compared between schizophrenia and NSPD and among different subtypes of schizophrenia. Results There were no significant differences in intelligence quotient (IQ), verbal IQ (VIQ) and performance IQ (PIQ) discrepancy, and subtest scores of WAIS‐R between the patients with schizophrenia and those with NSPD. These diagnostic groups were not discriminated well by any WAIS‐R variables. Schizophrenia patients with prominent negative symptoms, on the other hand, had a significantly larger IQ discrepancy (VIQ > PIQ) than those without prominent negative symptoms and NSPD patients. Intelligence performance in schizophrenia did not differ with respect to diagnostic subtypes and longitudinal courses. Conclusions The current study failed to show diagnostic usefulness of WAIS‐R in discriminating schizophrenia and other psychoses. A diagnosis of schizophrenia does not significantly impact intellectual deficits in psychotic disorders. 相似文献
34.
老年人前瞻性记忆损害的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 了解健康老年人前瞻性记忆改变的情况,初步探讨老年人基于事件的前瞻性记忆(EBPM)和基于时间的前瞻性记忆(TBPM)损害程度的区别.方法 建立前瞻性记忆的神经心理学测验方法,测试教育程度相匹配的40名健康老年人和40名健康成年人的EBPM和TBPM.结果 与成年组[EBPM(6.25±1.60)分;TBPM(5.38±0.87)分]相比,老年组的EBPM[(2.50±0.85)分和TBPM(4.93±1.07)分]均较成年组差(P<0.01,P<0.05),而EBPM损伤指数的差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.01).老年组前瞻性记忆的EBPM和TBPM存在双分离.结论 老年人存在前瞻性记忆的损害,EBPM损害较TBPM损害更为显著.EBPM和TBPM的双分离表明其可能有不同的神经机制,推测额叶可能特异性地参与了EBPM. 相似文献
35.
The Adelaide Diagnostic Learning Inventory (ADLIMS) is a measure of learning styles and learning pathologies that was designed to investigate the impact of traditional approaches to learning versus problem-based learning and to identify students whose approach to learning tasks predicted poor academic performance. In this study, some important psychometric properties of the ADLIMS were examined, including its factor structure. In this study, factor replicability across samples was argued to provide a more robust and psychologically meaningful factor solution than that which can be obtained using traditional mathematical criteria. The results of the factor analysis did not confirm the presence of the four factor solution earlier reported for the ADLIMS, but did identify three clear factors that had very high replicability. An inspection of the items comprising these three factors showed that factor 1 tapped subjective distress related to poor study habits, lack of motivation to study, and distraction from social activities. Factor 2 tapped distress arising from high achievement expectations that were hampered by superficial or disorganized study habits that did not enable the student to grasp the relationships between concepts and ideas. Factor 3 tapped positive feelings and a sense of satisfaction associated with a problem-based approach to the learning of new study material. Although the internal reliability of the ADLIMS subscales met the requirements of a measure to be used in general research such as in the investigation of correlates among groups of medical students, they did not meet the higher requirements of a measure to be used to identify or predict individuals with pathological learning styles. 相似文献
36.
Martin Døssing Steffen Groth Jørgen Vestbo Ole Lyngenbo 《International archives of occupational and environmental health》1990,62(3):209-212
Summary Among 701 Copenhagen plumbers we examined the lung function of 23 never smokers, who had removed asbestos insulation and intermittently been exposed to high levels of asbestos for about 25 years without being exposed to welding fume. The plumbers had significantly lower TLC, MEF25, MEF50, closing volume and closing capacity in comparison to 23 never smoking electricians without asbestos exposure. There was no reduction in TLCO. Pulmonary clearance of aerosolized 99mTc-DTPA was normal indicating that the asbestos had not induced increases in pulmonary epithelial permeability. However, in 11 of the 23 plumbers the 99m-Tc-DTPA ventilation scintigrams had a slightly irregular and spotty appearance, which together with the results of the lung function tests are suggestive of small airways' dysfunction. None of the subjects had symptoms or clinical signs of lung disease. 相似文献
37.
氨基酸负荷对梗阻肾的肾功能和肾储备功能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为寻求预测梗阻肾肾功能的新方法,用氨基酸负荷(AL)对25例双肾积水患者进行肾储备功能测定,并对负荷前后肾小球滤过率(GFR)、有效肾血浆流量(ERPF)、肌酐清除率(Ccr)、滤过分数(FF)、GFR百分比上升率(%GFR)进行比较性研究,以求预测肾功能恢复的客观指标。结果表明:AL能提高GFR、ERPF值,通过Ccr对比研究,进一步表明GFR增值能反映肾储备功能的变化,增值越高恢复越快,反之亦然。结果认为:肾储备功能的测定可预测肾功能恢复情况,并对肾积水疾病的手术方式选择有一定的指导作用 相似文献
38.
A. GUPTA F.F.A.R.C.S. M. VEGFORS M. ODENSTEN C. LENNMARKEN 《Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica》1994,38(2):156-160
Forty patients agreed to participate in a study to compare whether fentanyl or alfentanil used as analgesic is associated with quicker recovery following anaesthesia for outpatient arthroscopy procedure. Psychomotor tests including choice reaction time (CRT), perceptive accuracy test (PAT) and finger tapping test (FTT) were done prior to induction of anaesthesia with propofol (2–3 mg–kg-1 ). Patients were then divided into two groups: Group F (fentanyl) received 0.1 mg fentanyl prior to start of surgery and thereafter 0.05 mg every 30 min during the procedure. Group A (alfentanil) received 0.5 mg alfentanil prior to the onset of surgery and 0.25 mg every 15 min thereafter. Anaesthesia was then maintained using isoflurane (0.5–2%) in oxygen and air (Fio2 0.33) during spontaneous respiration with a face mask in a Bain's system. Psychomotor tests were repeated every 45 min postoperatively. Clinical recovery, visual analogue pain intensity score (VAS) and time to discharge home were also assessed by a nurse blind to the method used. Patients in Group A returned to baseline values on the FTT after 90 min while those in Group F did not return to baseline values until 135 min after the end of the operation. Clinical recovery and time to discharge home ("home ready") were also significantly longer in Group F. There was no difference in recovery as seen in the PAT and CRT between the groups. Also, there was no difference in the incidence of side effects and the pain intensity (VAS) scores were similar in the two groups at all time periods. We conclude that recovery following alfentanil is quicker compared to fentanyl when anaesthesia is based on isoflurane. 相似文献
39.
多巴酚丁胺负荷及运动试验~(99m)Tc-MIBI心肌断层显像与冠状动脉造影的对比研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
比较69例冠心病患者多巴酚丁胺负荷99mTc甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)心肌断层显像与82例运动试验99mTcMIBI心肌断层显像的结果,以探讨它们对冠心病的诊断价值。结果表明:以冠状动脉造影结果为标准,多巴酚丁胺负荷诊断冠心病的敏感性和特异性分别为912%和800%,运动试验分别为894%和829%。多巴酚丁胺负荷检出冠状动脉病变的敏感性和特异性:左前降支为781%和913%,回旋支为667%和982%,右冠状动脉为100%和837%;运动试验分别为783%和911%,600%和968%,909%和850%,差异均无显著性(P>005)。提示两者结果相近,对于不能进行运动试验的病人,多巴酚丁胺试验是一种有价值的诊断冠心病的方法。 相似文献
40.
M. Burdelski M. Oellerich J. Düwel H. Raith M. Scheruhn B. Ringe B. Rodeck A. Latta R. Pichlmayr J. Brodehl 《European journal of pediatrics》1992,151(Z1):S39-S43
The pre-operative risk of paediatric liver transplantation candidates (n=41) was assessed in a prospective study by means of clinical symptoms, conventional static and liver blood flow dependent dynamic liver function tests. Nine patients died during the 365-day waiting period. The data were subjected as covariates to a survival analysis in the Cox proportional hazards model. There was a significant relationsship between the results of mono-ethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) formation and ICG test and the 365-day survival rate. In the stepwise analysis, none of the remaining parameters improved the predictive ability when added to the dynamic liver function test results. The assessment of post-transplantation liver function was studied in 27 patients during the first 28 postoperative-day period. In addition, liver function was studied in a cross-sectional study 1–7 years after successful liver transplantation in children with complete or partial rehabilitation. In the early postoperative period severe organ damage was indicated by both static and dynamic liver function tests. In the later course after transplantation no deterioration of liver function measured with MEGX formation was to be observed. These findings demonstrate the usefulness of dynamic liver function tests in the pre- and post-transplant assessment of liver function. 相似文献