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排序方式: 共有534条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
71.
Invasive mould infections (IMI) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In vitro studies have demonstrated that hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) have activity against several pathogenic moulds including Zygomycetes and Aspergillus spp. The aim of our study was to determine if statin use is a preventive factor for the development of IMI. This was a retrospective case-control study of 10 United States Veterans Affairs Medical Centers that comprise the Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 16. Cases with IMI and controls were identified from 2001 to 2008. Controls were matched by age, facility, history of transplantation, presence of chronic steroid use and presence of human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV). Two hundred and thirty-eight patients were included. Independent variables associated with the development of IMI were history of solid malignant tumours (OR 2.63, 1.41-4.87) and hypertension (OR 2.29, 1.13-4.68). Statin use within 3 months of index date was not an independent variable for prevention or development of IMI. No level of exposure to a statin drug appeared to influence the development of infection. This retrospective case-control study suggests that despite evidence of in vitro activity, statins may not decrease risk of IMI. Prospective, controlled trials may be necessary to investigate any potential clinical benefit. 相似文献
72.
Douglas C. A. Taylor Ankur Pandya David Thompson Paula Chu Jennifer Graff James Shepherd Nanette Wenger Heiner Greten Rafael Carmena Michael Drummond Milton C. Weinstein 《The European journal of health economics》2009,10(3):255-265
The Treating to New Targets (TNT) clinical trial found that intensive 80 mg atorvastatin (A80) treatment reduced cardiovascular
events by 22% when compared to 10 mg atorvastatin (A10) treatment. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of intensive A80 vs
A10 treatment in the United Kingdom (UK), Spain, and Germany. A lifetime Markov model was developed to predict cardiovascular
disease-related events, costs, survival, and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Treatment-specific event probabilities were
estimated from the TNT clinical trial. Post-event survival, health-related quality of life, and country-specific medical-care
costs were estimated using published sources. Intensive treatment with A80 increased both the per-patient QALYs and corresponding
costs of care, when compared to the A10 treatment, in all three countries. The incremental cost per QALY gained was € 9,500,
€ 21,000, and € 15,000 in the UK, Spain, and Germany, respectively. Intensive A80 treatment is estimated to be cost-effective
when compared to A10 treatment in secondary cardiovascular prevention.
相似文献
73.
74.
Hu Chenglin Xiang Jizhou Li Yanbo Zou Yongguang Liu Jun Tang Qizhu Huang Congxin 《岭南心血管病杂志(英文版)》2006,7(2):122-128
Objectives In addition to its lipid-lowering properties, statin decreases the level of C-reactive protein (CRP) resulting in reduction of cardiovascular events. However, information about discontinuation of statin therapy in stable cardiac patients is limited. This was a prospective cohort study to explore whether withdrawal of statin treatment could result in rebound of inflammation in patients with stable angina pectofis in a short-term course. Methods and Results 75 patients with stable angina pectoris were randomly divided into three groups: ① Pretreatment with Xuezhikang (XZK, an extract of cholestin) for 6 weeks and then replaced by placebo; ②Treatment with XZK throughout the study; ③ Placebo. Lipid levels, highly sensitive CRP (hs-CRP) and serum cardiac troponin T (cTnT) were assessed before receiving the XZK therapy, 1 day before discontinuation of XZK, and on day 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14 after discontinuation of XZK, respectively. At day 14 after discontinuation of XZK therapy, total cholesterol, LDL-C and triglyceride significantly increased, whereas HDL-C level significantly decreased. The median level of hs-CRP increased significantly from the second day after withdrawal of XZK therapy. There was a prominent rebound of hs-CRP concentration 3 days after discontinuation of XZK therapy. 7 to 14 days after discontinuation of XZK therapy, the hs-CRP concentration declined to a similar level as in the placebo group. Elevated eTnT level did not occur throughout the study course in either guroup Conclusios Short-term discontinuation of statin therapy could induce a rapid rebound phenomenon of inflammatory response independently of changes of lipid parameters. However, it was not enough to induce myocardial injury in this cohort of patients with stable angina peetoris. 相似文献
75.
Carotid intima-media thickness and coronary atherosclerosis: weak or strong relations? 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Michiel L Bots Damiano Baldassarre Alain Simon Eric de Groot Daniel H O'Leary Ward Riley John J Kastelein Diederick E Grobbee 《European heart journal》2007,28(4):398-406
AIMS: Measurement of change in carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) has been proposed as an alternative for the occurrence of cardiovascular (CV) events in the assessment of therapeutic interventions. Nevertheless, criticism has been voiced based on observations indicating a weak relation between CIMT and coronary atherosclerosis as well as on the virtual absence of data showing that progression of CIMT indeed predicts coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke. METHODS AND RESULTS: We set out to review the evidence on these issues by performing a literature search on these topics. Of the 34 studies on the relation of CIMT with coronary atherosclerosis, as assessed by angiography (n=33) or intravascular ultrasound (n=1), 30 showed a modest positive relationship; the magnitude of which was similar to that found in autopsy studies. Of all studies on CIMT and future CV events (n=18), 17 showed graded positive relationships. At present, only one study has provided evidence on the relation of change in CIMT and future CV events, showing an increased risk with CIMT progression. The paucity of data on progression and future CV risk is partly attributable to time windows required to complete these studies. CONCLUSION: The modest relation between CIMT and coronary atherosclerosis most likely reflects variability in atherosclerosis development between the vascular beds rather than limitations of CIMT measurements. Additional data on the relation between change in CIMT and future CV events is required and currently is in progress. 相似文献
76.
David Colquhoun Anthony Keech David Hunt Ian Marschner John Simes Paul Glasziou Harvey White Philip Barter Andrew Tonkin 《European heart journal》2004,25(9):771-777
AIMS: Fibrates or nicotinic acid are usually recommended for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in patients with low plasma levels of both low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) < or =140 mg/dL (< or =3.6 mmol/L) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) < or =40 mg/dL (< or =1.03 mmol/L). The LIPID trial, a randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 9014 patients at 87 centres in Australia and New Zealand, provided an opportunity to investigate the effects of an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor in patients with low LDL-C and low HDL-C. METHODS AND RESULTS: Participants in this post hoc substudy were 2073 patients aged 31-75 years with baseline LDL-C < or =140 mg/dL (< or =3.6 mmol/L), HDL-C < or =40 mg/dL (< or =1.03 mmol/L), and triglyceride < or =300 mg/dL (< or =3.4 mmol/L). The relative risk reduction with pravastatin treatment was 27% for major coronary events (95% CI 8-42%), 27% for coronary heart disease mortality (95% CI 0-47%), 21% for all-cause mortality (95% CI 0-38%), and 51% for stroke (95% CI 24-69%). The number needed to treat to prevent a major coronary event over 6 years was 22. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with pravastatin in patients with both low LDL-C and low HDL-C significantly reduced major coronary events, stroke, and all-cause mortality. The level of HDL-C is crucial to the risk of recurrent CHD events and, consequently, the benefit of lowering LDL-C. 相似文献
77.
Protective effect of atorvastatin on acute systemic inflammation-induced endothelial dysfunction in hypercholesterolaemic subjects. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Charalambos Vlachopoulos Konstantinos Aznaouridis Anna Dagre Carmen Vasiliadou Constantina Masoura Elli Stefanadi John Skoumas Christos Pitsavos Christodoulos Stefanadis 《European heart journal》2007,28(17):2102-2109
AIMS: Recent studies suggest an association between acute inflammation and deterioration of arterial function. The effect of acute inflammation on endothelial function and the role of treatment with statins have not been investigated in subjects with dyslipidaemia. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, we generated a transient systemic inflammation by Salmonella typhi vaccination in 50 volunteers with mild hypercholesterolaemia after 4 days of treatment with atorvastatin 40 mg or placebo once daily. Endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery and circulating levels of endothelial and inflammatory markers were measured before and 8 h after the vaccine. Vaccination produced a decline on FMD at 8 h (absolute decrease of 2.55%, P = 0.001), indicating an unfavourable effect on endothelial function. In contrast, in atorvastatin-treated subjects, FMD was preserved after vaccination (decrease of 0.15%, P = 0.005 vs. placebo). The vaccination-induced decline in plasma level of nitric oxide metabolites (by 6.0 micromol/L, P = 0.007) and antioxidant capacity (by 20.6 micromol/L, P = 0.001) in the placebo group were completely abolished by atorvastatin (P = 0.038 and P = 0.005, respectively, vs. placebo). In contrast, atorvastatin had no significant effect on cytokine levels. CONCLUSION: Acute inflammation is aetiologically associated with the deterioration of vasomotor and systemic endothelial function in hypercholesterolaemic patients. Atorvastatin effectively abrogates these deleterious effects. 相似文献
78.
目的观察冠心病患者在使用他汀类药物后对斑块破裂及不稳定性心绞痛(UAP)发生的影响。方法采用回顾性病例对照研究方法,分析62例冠心病患者的血脂异常率、他汀类药物治疗率以及治疗后低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)达标率;比较各组冠心病他汀类药物治疗患者的UAP发生率;应用血管内超声(IVUS)测量、分析责任血管狭窄病变处、近端参考血管、远端参考血管外弹力膜截面积、斑块破裂、钙化斑块比例及冠状动脉重构情况。结果非他汀组患者LDL-C未达标率为96.4%(27/28),应获得而未得到他汀类药物治疗率为46.4%(13/28);他汀组患者LDL-C达标率为26.5%(9/34)。他汀组UAP发生率显著低于非他汀组(χ~2=34.491,P=0.001),他汀组LDL-C达标者与未达标者UAP发生率比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.002,P=0.968)。他汀组LDL-C显著低于非他汀组(2.457±0.802 vs 3.218±1.130,Z=-9.760,P=0.001);他汀组未达标患者LDL-C水平显著低于非他汀组未达标患者(2.816±0.640 vs 3.370±0.963,F=-3.613,P=0.001)。他汀组斑块破裂的发生率低于非他汀组(38.2%vs 60.7%,χ~2=3.107,P=0.1500.05),正性重构率亦明显低于非他汀组(29.4%vs 46.4%,χ~2=1.905,P=0.090.05)。结论他汀类药物治疗冠心病患者UAP发生率显著降低。使用他汀治疗可使斑块破裂减少,其独立于冠脉重构之外。他汀类药物治疗的最主要效果在于预防动脉粥样硬化斑块的破裂。 相似文献
79.
The use of lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) results in a reduction in atherosclerotic cardiovascular events but not mortality. The risk reduction for patients on dialysis appears to be less than in pre-dialysis CKD. These findings may be due to the higher rate of non-atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease found in end-stage disease. Because of this, the role of LLT is less clear in CKD than in the general population. This review outlines the results of recent trials of LLT, particularly Ezetimibe, and implications for patients with CKD. The evidence in favour of lipid lowering in CKD comes largely from the SHARP study. This study used combined simvastatin and Ezetimibe to reduce cholesterol. Though the benefits of statins are well proven, there is no evidence that Ezetimibe independently reduces cardiovascular events in any population. Data which support the use of Ezetimibe show only that it effectively reduces cholesterol. Surrogate end-point data are contentious. Some studies suggest benefit whilst others suggest off-target effects that question the validity of Ezetimibe in the absence of quality cardiovascular outcome data. 相似文献
80.
Do statins influence the prognostic impact of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia after ST-elevation myocardial infarction? 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Herbert Lorenz Claus Jünger Karlheinz Seidl Anselm Gitt Steffen Schneider Rudolf Schiele Harm Wienbergen Ralph Winkler Martin Gottwik Wolfram Delius Jochen Senges Bernhard Rauch 《European heart journal》2005,26(11):1078-1085
AIMS: The study evaluates the effect of statin therapy on the prognostic impact of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) occurring after acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS AND RESULTS: From the German Acute Coronary Syndrome Registry (ACOS), 3137 patients with STEMI and in-hospital Holter monitoring were analysed. Three hundred and forty-six (11.0%) patients had NSVT. When compared with patients with no documented NSVT, patients with NSVT were older, more often had myocardial infarction in their history, diabetes mellitus, and an ejection fraction <40%. Regarding frequency of drug application, medication at discharge did not (beta-blockers, ACE-inhibitors, amiodarone) or only slightly (acetylsalicylic acid, statins, and sotalol) differ between both groups. Multivariable analysis of 1 year mortality, adjusted for age, gender, diabetes, reperfusion therapy, ejection fraction <40%, and beta-blocker therapy showed the following results: In patients without statin treatment and no NSVT, 1 year mortality after STEMI was 9.2%, but increased to 25.0% [odds ratio (OR) 3.02; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.47-6.20], if NSVT were present. In patients on statin treatment and no NSVT, 1 year mortality was only 3.2%, and in the presence of NSVT 1 year mortality was not significantly increased anymore (5.3%; OR 1.03; 95% CI 0.55-1.92). CONCLUSION: After STEMI, only in patients not on statin treatment, the occurrence of NSVT is associated with a significant and marked increase in 1 year mortality. 相似文献