中药配方颗粒自动调配系统调剂操作规程的标准化研究

探索建立完善的中药配方颗粒自动化调配系统调剂操作流程,使其规范化、标准化、自动化调配准确性高,以防差错和纠纷的发生。通过反复调剂操作,结合实际工作,将其在工作中发现的问题和突发情形进行归纳总结,并将实际经验制定成中药配方颗粒自动调配系统调剂操作规程。完善的操作流程,可保证药物颗粒的稳定性,有效杜绝颗粒先后应用顺序不一的情况;发现问题及时,纠正快。操作流程规范,方法得当,调配准确,避免差错。     

湖南省基层地区肿瘤规范化诊治及康复医疗的现状及改善措施

恶性肿瘤是一个全球性的公共卫生问题,其发病率逐年上升,病死率居高不下。目前,湖南省恶性肿瘤的发病率和死亡率与全国基本一致,但肿瘤防治存在两个薄弱环节,一是肿瘤治疗水平的地区差异大,基层城乡肿瘤规范化诊治的实施情况不尽人意,专科医疗技术水平低;二是湖南省肿瘤康复治疗处于相对空白的领域,缺乏专业的医护人才。因此,湖南省肿瘤医院（中南大学湘雅医学院附属肿瘤医院）从全省肿瘤诊治的薄弱环节入手,采用了多种方法从不同的方面完善基层城乡医院的肿瘤规范化诊治,提高其肿瘤诊治水平,并填补其肿瘤康复医疗的空白,为肿瘤患者提供更多的及时、有效的帮助和便利。本文主要对湖南省基层地区肿瘤规范化诊治及康复医疗的现状及具体的改善措施进行了综述。     

Effects of transcutaneous neuromodulation (TENS) on overactive bladder symptoms in children: A randomized controlled trial

BackgroundThe aim of the present study was to investigate whether addition of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) treatment improves the results of standard urotherapy in children with overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms.Material and methodsSixty-two children with symptoms of OAB and incontinence were included. The children were randomized either to standard urotherapy treatment alone or a combination of standard urotherapy and TENS. The effect variables were taken from a voiding–drinking diary: number of voiding, number of incontinence episodes, and maximum voided volume.ResultsBoth treatment groups had good treatment results, with no significant difference between the groups. In the standard treatment group 13/28 (46%) were completely dry and 11/28 (40%) had a decrease in incontinence episodes, compared to 16/24 (67%) and 3/24 (13%), respectively, in the standard + TENS group (p = 0.303). The number of voiding decreased in two-thirds of the patients in both groups. However, maximal voided volume only increased in the standard treatment group. Subjectively 72% and 80% considered themselves significantly improved or free of symptoms. Previous treatment was registered in 15/55 (27%). All efficacy variables decreased in those with previous treatment, but with no difference between the standard and standard + TENS treatment groups. The only difference noted was when comparing the children without previous treatment in the groups: a significantly higher proportion were completely dry in the TENS group (12/18 [71%] versus 10/22 [48%], p = 0.05).ConclusionOur results showed no significant difference overall in treatment response to OAB symptoms between urotherapy only and urotherapy + TENS, whereas a tendency to difference was found in children without previous treatment. Thus with good urotherapy support, TENS only seems to have marginal additional effects on OAB symptoms.     

痛风患者达标治疗的影响因素调查分析与护理对策

目的探讨痛风患者达标治疗的影响因素及护理对策。方法选取2017年9月至2019年3月我院收治的痛风患者100例为研究对象,对其痛风达标治疗相关影响因素的现状进行调查,包括一般人口学资料及病历资料。采用多因素logistic回归分析法对痛风患者治疗后未达标的相关危险因素进行分析,并制定相关护理措施。结果本组100例患者中未达标59例,多因素logistic回归分析显示,体质量和饮酒史是痛风患者治疗未达标的独立危险因素(P<0.05),医嘱执行和定期复诊是保护因素(P<0.05)。结论影响痛风患者达标治疗的因素较多,需结合其自身实际情况,制定个性化健康干预指导,提升其对痛风达标治疗的相关认知、治疗依从性和自我管理能力,从而改善达标治疗的现状,提高治疗效果。     

标准外伤大骨瓣开颅术在重型颅脑损伤中的应用

目的 探讨及评价标准大骨瓣开颅术在交通事故性重型颅脑损伤中的应用价值.方法 采用标准大骨瓣开颅术治疗交通事故后46例重型颅脑损伤患者,对其相关的临床资料进行分析总结,3个月后采用GOS评定治疗效果.结果 随访3个月后,患者恢复良好23例,中残5例,重残或植物生存8例,死亡10例.结论 标准外伤大骨瓣手术是治疗交通事故性重型颅脑损伤的有效方法,它具有操作方便、彻底减压的优点,能明显提高治愈率,减轻后遗症,提高患者生存质量.     

欧盟医疗器械标准体系发展现状探析

从标准化战略、法律法规、管理机制、运行监督及保障机制和具体的标准目录等方面,总结欧盟医疗器械标准体系的发展现状,以期对我国医疗器械标准研究有所启示。     

语义互操作标准在临床决策支持系统中的应用

介绍临床决策支持系统互操作研究基本情况,基于语义互操作标准类别、临床决策支持系统开发与部署的功能需求,对临床决策支持系统中的标准进行分类,探讨各类标准在临床决策支持系统中的应用。     

龈沟内环形切口法用于下颌远中邻面暴露≥1/2的水平阻生第三磨牙拔除的研究

目的 探讨龈沟内环形切口法用于下颌远中邻面暴露≥1/2的水平阻生第三磨牙拔除的临床效果。方法 纳入2020年3月—2022年3月我院收治的180例需拔除下颌远中邻面暴露≥1/2的水平阻生第三磨牙的患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组90例。观察组采用龈沟内环形切口法,对照组采用标准封套法。比较两组术后2、7 d出血程度、疼痛程度、肿胀程度、最大开口度,术前与术后3个月下颌第二磨牙牙周探诊深度及并发症发生情况。结果 观察组术后2 d出血程度、疼痛程度、肿胀程度均轻于对照组（P＜0.05）,最大开口度大于对照组（P＜0.05）,两组术后7 d出血程度、疼痛程度、肿胀程度、最大开口度差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;两组术后3个月下颌第二磨牙远颊位点、近颊位点、颊侧位点、远舌位点、近舌位点、舌侧位点牙周探诊深度较术前差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,且两组组间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;两组并发症总发生率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 下颌远中邻面暴露≥1/2的水平阻生第三磨牙拔除术中采用龈沟内环形切口法,可减轻术后早期出血、疼痛及开口受限,缩短软组织恢复时间     

Relation between HbA1c and incident cardiovascular disease over a period of 6 years in the Hong Kong population

Aim

The current trend on diabetes management advocates replacing the paradigm from a uniform to an individualized patient-centered haemoglobin A_1c (HbA_1c) target, but there is no consensus on the optimal HbA_1c level. The study aimed at examining the association between HbA_1c and the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) for diabetic patients with different characteristics, in order to identify patient-centered treatment targets.

标准外伤大骨瓣开颅联合外侧裂池打开引流治疗额颞顶部重型颅脑损伤的疗效分析

目的探讨采用标准外伤大骨瓣开颅去骨瓣减压联合外侧裂池打开引流术治疗额颞顶部重型颅脑损伤患者的效果。方法回顾性分析该科采用标准外伤大骨瓣开颅去骨瓣减压联合外侧裂池打开引流术治疗109例额颞顶部重型颅脑损伤患者的临床资料,并进行GOS疗效评定。结果随访6个月,存活93例（85．3％）,良好41例（37．6％）,中残32例（29．4％）,重残14例（12．8％）,植物生存6例（5．5％）。死亡16例（14．7％）。结论标准外伤大骨瓣开颅去骨瓣减压联合外侧裂池打开引流术治疗额颞顶部重型颅脑损伤患者疗效确切,可降低病死率与减少术后并发症,提高患者生存质量。