龙葵水溶性多糖的成分分析(Ⅰ)

从龙葵（SolanummigrumL.）的水提取液中分离出一中性杂多糖。经高效液相色谱分析其酸水解液,证明它由D-葡萄糖、L-鼠李糖、L-阿拉伯糖和D-木糖组成,摩尔比为14.2:5:2．8：1。多糖含量为84．1％。     

用两种高效液相色谱法测定连翘中连翘苷的含量

采用两种高效液相色谱法测定连翘中连翘苷的含量.方法1采用键合氨基柱,氯仿甲醇(体积比8∶1)为流动相,平均回收率为974%,RSD106%.方法2采用ODSC18柱,以乙腈水(体积比25∶75)为流动相,平均回收率为1010%,RSD168%.     

山芋对五加皮减肥作用的影响

［ 目的］ 防止五加皮降低体能．［ 方法］ 利用高脂饲料饲养大鼠１５ｄ 形成肥胖模型后给予五加皮、山芋水提液灌胃．［ 结果］ 服药后和整个实验过程中,大鼠始终体能旺盛、采食正常、各项减肥指标正常．［ 结论］ 山芋为五加皮减肥良好的辅助药．     

Potato: The hidden treasure

The United Nations General Assembly decided in December 2005 to declare 2008 as the International Year of the Potato (IYP). Potato is the world's number one non-grain food commodity, with production reaching a record of 320 million tonnes in 2007 (FAO, 2007). Consumption is expanding steadily in the developing countries, where potato is an increasingly important source of food, employment and income. Global interest in the potato increased sharply in 2008 as world food prices soared, threatening the food security and stability of dozens of low-income countries. Unlike major cereals, the potato is not a globally traded commodity and prices are usually determined by local production costs. Increasingly, therefore, the potato is being seen as a vital food-security crop and as a substitute for costly cereal imports.     

A human dietary risk assessment associated with glycoalkaloid responses of potato to Colorado potato beetle defoliation

A quantitative human dietary risk assessment was conducted using the glycoalkaloid concentrations measured from tubers of plants defoliated by Colorado potato beetles and undefoliated (control). There was a significantly greater production of glycoalkaloids for defoliated plants compared to control plants for both skin and inner tissue of tubers. The dietary risk posed to different human subgroups associated with the consumption of potatoes was estimated for the 50th, 95th, and 99.9th percentile US national consumption values. Exposures were compared to a toxic threshold of 1.0mg/kg body weight. Defoliation by Colorado potato beetles increased dietary risk by approximately 48%. Glycoalkaloid concentrations within the inner tissue of tubers, including undefoliated controls, exceeded the toxic threshold for all human subgroups at less than the 99.9th percentile of exposure, but not the 95th percentile.     

半夏多倍体复合体基因组DNA甲基化状态的MSAP分析

目的分析半夏多倍体复合体DNA甲基化状态的变化(甲基化水平和甲基化差异模式)。方法应用甲基化敏感扩增多态性(methylation sensitive amplified polymorphism,MSAP)技术,采用34对引物进行选择性扩增。结果扩增共得到7708条带,其中5636条带为甲基化多态性带在半夏7倍、8倍、9倍、10倍体值株间DNA甲基化水平变化不大。总扩增位点甲基化水平在54%～58%,全甲基化率为24.1%～24.3%,高倍性植株甲基化程序相应比较高。除甲基化水平稍有变化外,半夏不同倍性株间的DNA甲基化模式也形式各异,检测到的带型分为两大类(和型)。其中,不同倍性间DNA甲基化状态保持不变的位点占52.5%,归为型;少部分检测位点(占47.5%,归为型)的DNA甲基化模式在不同倍性间存在显著差异。结论半夏多倍体复合体各倍性植株间存在大量的胞嘧啶甲基化变异且整体甲基化水平较高。     

Apoptotic effects of Tian-Long compound on endometrial adenocarcinoma cells in vitro

The Tian-Long (TL) compound is a water-soluble extract of six Chinese medicinal herbs. To explore its antitumor properties and the mechanism for activity in gynecological malignancies, the present studies were carried out using Ishikawa cells derived from uterine endometrial adenocarcinoma. Morphologically, cell death and decrease in the number of viable cells were observed in the presence of the TL compound. The proliferation of Ishikawa cells was significantly suppressed in a time- and dose-dependent manner, as indicated by both the WST-1 and the BrdU incorporation assay. Results from both the WST-1 and the BrdU incorporation assay demonstrated that the compound could inhibit the cell proliferation despite the presence of 17β-estradiol in the medium. It is generally noted that the disturbance in mitochondrial function and DNA synthesis during cell proliferation can result in apoptosis. Being consistent with this notion, redistribution of the plasma membrane phosphatidylserine was identified with fluoromicroscopy and flow cytometry. Analysis of the fluorescent patterns of JC-1 staining revealed depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane in the exposed cells. Moreover, the amount of Bcl-2 enhanced in the presence of 17β-estradiol was repressed by the compound. The present results indicate that the ingredients of TL compound are very promising for use in the treatment of endometrial adenocarcinoma. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the therapeutic mechanisms in its antitumor activity.     

Solanum indicum ssp. distichum extract is effective against l‐NAME‐induced hypertension in rats

Solanum indicum ssp. distichum is used as a vegetable in some parts of Africa and claimed in folk medicine to guard against cardiovascular disorders. It was of interest to study the potential blood pressure lowering effects of a standardized extract of the fruit. An ethanolic extract of the fruit, standardized to contain > 0.15% chlorogenic acids, was tested orally in both normotensive rats and in those rendered hypertensive by twice daily intraperitoneal injection of N^W‐nitro‐l ‐arginine methylester (l ‐NAME) for 1 week. The extract was either given at the same time as l ‐NAME or after the establishment of hypertension. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured non‐invasively using a tail cuff computer‐aided monitoring device. Treatment of normotensive rats with the extract (30–300 mg/kg) for 4 weeks showed no hypotensive effect. Giving the extract (100 and 300 mg/kg) orally once daily during the 1 week hypertension induction period with l ‐NAME prevented the development of hypertension. Administration of the extract orally for 1 week after the establishment of hypertension tended to normalize the blood pressure. Pharmacological evidence for the antihypertensive activity of S. distichum is hereby reported for the first time. The extract showed good prophylactic as well as curative effect against l ‐NAME‐induced hypertension, whereby its content of chlorogenic acids may play a minor role. Other constituents may be responsible for the antihypertensive action. The findings support further development of the extract as a potential therapeutically useful antihypertensive agent.     

半夏全球生态适宜性分析与品质生态学研究

目的 通过分析全球范围内半夏生态适宜产区,对半夏合理生产布局开展科学规划。方法 采用药用植物全球产地生态适宜性区划信息系统（GMPGIS）,以半夏道地产区、野生分布区的标本采样点气候因子值和土壤类型为依据,通过生态相似性原理,分析得出半夏全球内最大生态相似度区域。结果 半夏为广布种,在全球范围内适宜生长的面积占全球陆地面积的13.84%,适宜生长地区主要包含北美洲中部、亚洲东部及欧洲中南部。生态适宜区的国家主要包括美国、中国、加拿大、巴西等;中国适宜半夏生长的省份包括云南、四川、广西、陕西、湖南、湖北、河北、贵州等。研究结果基本包含了目前半夏栽培产区及道地产地。结论 研究结果可为半夏全球范围种质资源保护、引种栽培及高品质半夏药材生产提供参考。     

壮药赪桐乙酸乙酯部位及流份对LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞的抗炎作用

目的 筛选赪桐乙酸乙酯部位及不同洗脱梯度二氯甲烷-甲醇部位对炎症反应的抑制作用最强的流份。 方法 使用MTT法确定壮药赪桐乙酸乙酯部位及不同洗脱梯度二氯甲烷-甲醇部位对RAW264.7细胞安全给药浓度范围,通过ELISA法测定赪桐乙酸乙酯部位及不同洗脱梯度二氯甲烷-甲醇部位对LPS诱导RAW264.7细胞分泌NO、TNF-ａ、IL-12、IL-6、IL-1β含量,筛选对炎症反应的抑制作用最强的流份。 结果 赪桐乙酸乙酯部位及流份在0.06~2.0 mg/ml浓度范围内,赪桐乙酸乙酯部位及流份对细胞活力的抑制作用逐渐增强,浓度在0.5 mg/ml以上具有明显的细胞毒性,在0.5 mg/ml以下对细胞活力具有增强作用。二氯甲烷-甲醇洗脱部位高剂量能抑制炎症因子IL-12、IL-6、TNF-ａ、IL-1β释放,对NO的分泌没有抑制作用。 结论 赪桐乙酸乙酯部位及不同洗脱梯度的二氯甲烷-甲醇部位抗炎机制是通过抑制NO、TNF-ａ、IL-12、IL-6、IL-1β炎症因子的分泌,二氯甲烷-甲醇（50:1）洗脱部位和二氯甲烷-甲醇（30:1）洗脱部位的抗炎能力较强。