早期强化辛伐他汀治疗急性冠状动脉综合征的研究

目的 :研究两组不同剂量辛伐他汀治疗急性冠状动脉综合征 (ACS)的近期心血管事件影响及安全性。方法 :15 2例ACS患者随机分成 3组。A组常规治疗 ;B组 :辛伐他汀 2 0mg/d ;C组 :辛伐他汀 4 0mg/d ,随访观察 3组患者首次入院后 1个月和 1年的终点事件发生率 (死亡、再发心绞痛或心肌梗死、再入院率 )以及血脂水平、肝肾功能和不良反应。结果 :B组、C组初始 1个月及 1年内的病死率、再发心绞痛、再发心肌梗死及再住院率均较A组明显降低 (均P <0 .0 5 )。B组 1个月、1年病死率下降分别为 3.92 %、7.84 % ,C组 1个月、1年病死率下降分别为 3.76 %、7.6 0 % ;C组与B组比较 ,初始 1个月内心绞痛、心肌梗死再发生率差异有统计学意义 (P<0 .0 5 )。但对 1年内病死率及心绞痛、心肌梗死的再发生率差异无统计学意义 (均P >0 .0 5 )。 2、6、12个月血脂监测显示B组、C组均能有效降低总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、三酰甘油水平。B组 2例、C组 3例出现恶心、纳差等消化道症状 ;B组 1例、C组 2例出现转氨酶增高 1～ 3倍。结论 :辛伐他汀 2 0、4 0mg用于ACS早期治疗均安全有效 ,均能有效降低近期冠心病事件发生率和病死率 ,且提示疗效与剂量成正相关     

不同剂量辛伐他汀对老年早期糖尿病肾病患者炎症因子和肾功能的影响观察

摘 要 目的： 观察不同剂量辛伐他汀对老年早期糖尿病肾病患者炎症因子和肾功能的影响。方法: 160例老年早期糖尿病肾病患者随机分为对照组、低剂量组、常规剂量组和大量组。各组均给予基础治疗,低剂量组、常规剂量组、大量组分别在基础治疗同时加用辛伐他汀10,20,40 mg·d^-1。4周后观察比较各组患者治疗前后炎症因子（CRP、ICAM-1、IL-1β）和肾功能指标（BUN、Cr、UAER、24hUpro、Uβ₂-MG）变化及药品不良反应。结果: 治疗后大量组CRP水平较治疗前显著降低,且明显低于对照组治疗后（P<0.05）;治疗后低量组、常量组和大量组ICAM-1水平均较治疗前显著降低,且明显低于对照组治疗后（P<0.05）;治疗后4组IL-1β水平均无明显变化（P>0.05）。治疗后4组BUN水平均无明显变化（P>0.05）;Cr、UAER水平均较治疗前显著降低（P<0.05）,且辛伐他汀各剂量组均低于对照组治疗后（P<0.05）,常量组和大量组低于低量组（P<0.05）;治疗后辛伐他汀各剂量组24 h Upro、Uβ₂-MG水平均较治疗前显著降低,且低于对照组治疗后（P<0.05）;且常量组和大量组Uβ₂ MG水平低于低量组治疗后（P<0.05）,大量组低于常量组治疗后（P<0.05）。四组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05)。结论:辛伐他汀治疗从炎症因子和肾功能指标两个方面可以改善糖尿病肾病的病情,大剂量辛伐他汀表现出一定的优势。     

Effects of simvastatin only or in combination with continuous combined hormone replacement therapy on serum lipid levels in hypercholesterolaemic post-menopausal women.

AIMS: To evaluate the effects of simvastatin only or combined with continuous hormone replacement therapy on the serum lipid profile in hypercholesterolaemic post-menopausal women. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred hypercholesterolaemic post-menopausal women were given either simvastatin 10 mg daily together with oestrogen 0.625 mg and medroxyprogesterone 2.5 mg daily (HRT+simvastatin group) (n:50) or simvastatin 10 mg daily (simvastatin only group) (n:50) in a prospective manner. Serum total, low density lipoprotein, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels were measured at baseline, at 3 and 6 months. The initial mean (+/-SD) cholesterol values were as follows for the HRT+simvastatin group and the simvastatin only group, respectively: total cholesterol 240. 0+/-28.0 and 248.9+/-28.2 mg x dl(-1); low density lipoprotein cholesterol 174.7+/-25.6 and 175.1+/-25.9 mg x dl(-1); high density lipoprotein cholesterol 37.2+/-5.0 and 39.9+/-7.3 mg x dl(-1). Compared with the baseline, total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased; and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased significantly at 3 and 6 months in both groups. However, the mean percent reduction in total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly greater in the HRT+ simvastatin group compared with the simvastatin only group both at 3 months (12.3+/-7.0% vs 8.9+/-6.2%;P<0.01; and 19.0+/-10.6% vs 13.2+/-10.4%;P< 0.005, respectively) and at 6 months (14.6+/-7.7% vs 11.3+/-7.4%;P<0.05 and 23.3+/-9.7% vs 15.8+/-12.3%;P<0.005, respectively). The mean percent increase in serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations was also significantly greater in the HRT+simvastatin group compared with the simvastatin only group at both times (14.6+/-11.8% vs 9.8+/-11.8%;P<0.005, at 3 months, and 21.3+/-15.2% vs 11.1+/-12.5;P<0.005, at 6 months, respectively). Furthermore, significantly more patients in the HRT+simvastatin group than in the simvastatin only group attained their target treatment goals dictated by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel II Guidelines. Although the mean percent decrease in triglyceride levels was significantly greater in the HRT+simvastatin group at 3 months, the significance disappeared at 6 months. CONCLUSION: The combination of simvastatin and continuous combined hormone replacement therapy seems to be more effective than simvastatin only in the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia in post-menopausal women.     

化痰逐瘀通脉颗粒联合辛伐他汀治疗颈动脉斑块

目的 探讨中药化痰逐瘀通脉颗粒联合辛伐他汀治疗颈动脉斑块的临床疗效.方法 选择符合颈动脉斑块和中医痰瘀互结诊断标准患者60例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,各30例,治疗组采用化痰逐瘀通脉颗粒(半夏、陈皮、茯苓等,1剂/d)联合辛伐他汀(10 mg/次,1次/d)口服;对照组仅采用辛伐他汀口服,治疗6周后比较2组临床疗效、IMT、血脂变化及不良反应.结果 治疗组中IMT和血脂变化均较治疗前有明显改善,且治疗组比对照组改善更为明显;治疗组总有效率93.33％明显高于对照组的70.0％(P＜0.05).结论 中药联合小剂量辛伐他汀治疗颈动脉斑块,能够起到消除或减缓动脉斑块形成的作用,降低不良反应发生率.     

Management of Patients With Aortic Valve Stenosis

With increased life expectancy and aging of the population, aortic stenosis is now one of the most common valvular heart diseases. Early recognition and management of aortic stenosis are of paramount importance because untreated symptomatic severe disease is universally fatal. The advent of transcather aortic valve replacement technologies provides exciting avenues of care to patients with this disease in whom traditional surgical procedures could not be performed or were associated with high risk. This review for clinicians offers an overview of aortic stenosis and updated information on the current status of various treatment strategies. An electronic literature search of PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus was performed from conception July 1, 2016, through November 30, 2017, using the terms aortic stenosis, aortic valve replacement, transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), transcatheter aortic valve insertion (TAVI), surgical aortic valve replacement, aortic stenosis flow-gradient patterns, low-flow aortic valve stenosis, natural history, stress testing, pathophysiology, bicuspid aortic valve, and congenital aortic valve disease.     

阿司匹林联合辛伐他汀防治缺血性脑血管病临床研究

目的：探讨缺血性脑血管病应用阿司匹林联合辛伐他汀治疗的效果,以丰富临床治疗经验。方法：选择2012年6月～2013年6月在我院接收并确诊的缺血性脑血管病患者100例,根据入院治疗顺序随机分为对照组与观察组各50例,对照组通过给予阿司匹林进行治疗,观察组则通过给予阿司匹林以及辛伐他汀同时治疗,治疗后8周,统计两组患者的治疗总有效率,将结果进行对比。一年以后对所有患者进行随访,了解患者的长期病情。结果：治疗后,患者的临床症状均有明显的改善与缓解,观察组治疗的总有效率为84.00%,优于对照组的68.00%,差异显著（P<0.05）;在治疗一年后,对患者进行随访,观察组心肌梗死、短暂性脑缺血发作以及再发性脑梗死等疾病的发生率为16.00%,远远低于对照组的36.00%,差异显著（P<0.05）。结论：缺血性脑血管病应用阿司匹林联合辛伐他汀治疗,具有疗效确切、安全可靠等优点,值得临床推广。     

辛伐他汀联合普罗布考治疗缺血性脑卒中对患者血清 hs－CRP、FT3、FT4水平的影响

目的：观察辛伐他汀联合普罗布考治疗缺血性脑卒中对患者血清超敏C反应蛋白（ hs－CRP）、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（ FT3）、甲状腺素（ FT4）水平的影响。方法将107例缺血性脑卒中患者随机分为试验组54例和对照组53例。试验组给予辛伐他汀联合普罗布考治疗,对照组仅给予普罗布考治疗,连续治疗21d。比较2组患者治疗前后血清hs－CRP、FT3、FT4变化。结果治疗前2组患者血清hs－CRP、FT3、FT4水平差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。治疗后2组患者hs－CRP均有所降低,但试验组患者降低幅度大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）;治疗后2组FT3、FT4水平均增高,但试验组患者增幅大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论辛伐他汀联合普罗布考治疗缺血性脑卒中可显著降低患者血清hs－CRP水平,增高FT3、FT4水平,使其趋于正常水平。     

不同剂量辛伐他汀早期干预对急性冠状动脉综合征患者血清C反应蛋白的影响

目的观察不同剂量辛伐他汀早期干预对急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者血清高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平的影响及调脂作用与安全性。方法75例ACS患者随机分为三组,A组为优化药物治疗,B组为优化药物治疗加辛伐他汀20mg/d,C组为优化药物治疗加辛伐他汀40mg/d,均治疗4周,健康对照组不予治疗。分别于用药前及疗程结束后查hs-CRP及血脂水平,同时观察用药安全性。结果(1)ACS患者hs-CRP、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、三酰甘油(TG)含量显著高于健康对照组(P<0.01)。(2)辛伐他汀20mg与40mg治疗4周后,均能显著降低hs-CRP、TC、LDL-C及TG水平(P均<0.01),其中40mg剂量组的疗效明显优于20mg剂量组。结论ACS患者hs-CRP显著升高,存在明显的炎症反应,早期大剂量辛伐他汀调脂干预,能安全更有效地抑制此类炎症反应及脂质过氧化损伤,且呈剂量依赖性。     

Clinical Observation on the Aggressive Lipid-lowering Treatment with Simvastatin on the Aged Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Objectives To find out the efficient dose and safety of simvastatin (Zocor) on the aged patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) for aggressive lipid-lowering treatment. Methods Select 95 aged patients with CAD combined with primary hyperlipemia and give them 20mg/day of simvastatin for treatment. According to the therapeutic target of serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) regulate the dosage of simvastatin in follow-up. Observe 12-18 months. Results After treatment, the TC, LDL-C and triglycerides(TG) of the patients reduced by 40%，52% and 26% respectively, while there was no significant change in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The apolipoprotein A1 arose by 14.4%, while the apolipoprotein B lowered by 25.0%. The ratio of LDL-C to HDL-C was reduced to 1.96. In the 6^th month, the 12^th month and the 18th month, respectively, 86%, 93% and 95% of the patients took 10mg/day of simvastatin and the result was their TC≤140mg/dL(3.7mmol/L) and LDL-C≤70mg/dL(1.8mmol/L).There was no special side-effect. Multi-factor analysis indicated the age of the patients was a significant factor affecting the adjustment of the dosage of simvastatin.Conclusions The therapeutic result of simvastatin on the aged patients with CAD for aggressive lipid-lowring treatment is definite, safe and the dose is lower as well.     

辛伐他汀对兔粥样硬化髂动脉P-选择素、细胞间粘附分子-1表达的影响

目的研究辛伐他汀对兔粥样硬化髂动脉组织P-选择素(P-selectin )、细胞间粘附分子-1(ICAM-1)表达的影响. 方法 30只雄性新西兰大白兔,分别予普通饲料喂养(正常对照组8只)及高脂饲料喂养(基础对照组10只,辛伐他汀组12只).正常对照组喂养6周后处死.高脂饲料喂养2周后行髂动脉内膜球囊损伤术;术后辛伐他汀组每只予辛伐他汀15 mg/d;分组喂养4周后处死所有动物,取一侧病变髂动脉做病理切片;取另一侧抽提总RNA和总蛋白,分别应用免疫组化方法、半定量逆转录多聚酶链式反应和Western蛋白印迹测定P-选择素和ICAM-1 mRNA和蛋白质水平的表达. 结果辛伐他汀可以显著降低兔血浆总胆固醇,正常对照组、基础对照组和辛伐他汀组动脉壁P-选择素 mRNA/β-actin mRNA的相对值分别为0.12±0.04、0.51±0.06、0.27±0.06,相互间差异有显著性(P<0.05);ICAM-1 mRNA/3-磷酸甘油脱氢酶(GAPDH) mRNA比值分别为0.25±0.08、0.91±0.10、0.47±0.09,相互间差异有显著性(P<0.05);P-选择素为6.41±1.64、14.38±2.56、9.47±1.69, 相互间差异有显著性(P<0.05);ICAM-1为4.71±1.64、14.03±2.05、6.78±1.39, 相互间差异有显著性(P<0.05);免疫组化结果与之相一致. 结论辛伐他汀可以显著降低兔粥样硬化髂动脉组织P-选择素和ICAM-1的表达.