联合应用郁乐疏合剂治疗慢性前列腺炎的临床疗效评价

目的:探讨联合郁乐疏合剂治疗慢性前列腺炎的临床疗效。方法:将88例Ⅲ型慢性前列腺炎/慢性盆腔疼痛综合征(CP/CPPS)患者随机分为对照组和试验组,每组44例,对照组采用临床常规治疗,即口服抗生素、α受体阻滞剂、活血化瘀中成药及前列腺按摩;试验组44例,在接受临床常规治疗的同时口服郁乐疏合剂。治疗前后两组分别应用国际慢性前列腺炎症状评分(NIH-CPSI)测评症状严重程度,用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)测评患者焦虑、抑郁等情绪障碍状况,用国际勃起功能指数-5(IIEF-5)测评患者性功能状况,并对各项结果进行统计学分析。结果:治疗后两组患者前列腺炎症状均有明显改善,性功能障碍亦有改善,试验组改善程度明显优于对照组,其中对疼痛不适症状改善明显,试验组治疗后疼痛症状评分为(7.89±2.82)分,对照组为(10.41±2.55)分,两者比较有显著差异(P0.01)。对照组治疗前后HAMA、HAMD评分无显著性差异(P0.05);而试验组治疗前后HAMA、HAMD评分有显著性差异,试验组治疗前后HAMA评分分别为(24.30±5.07)分和(13.80±3.62)分(P0.01);试验组治疗前后HAMD评分分别为(23.81±5.01)分和(16.23±5.93)分(P0.01)。结论:郁乐疏合剂能缓解患者的焦虑、抑郁心理状态,改善慢性前列腺炎患者的症状,是治疗慢性前列腺炎的有效药物。     

Trajectories of Substance Use among Child Welfare-Involved Youth: Longitudinal Associations with Child Maltreatment History and Emotional/Behavior Problems

Background: Maltreated children experience a variety of adverse outcomes including substance use problems. Although previous research indicated that there may be distinct trajectories of substance use among these youth, studies have examined them as if they were a single homogeneous group. Objectives: The goals of this study were to explore substance use trajectories among child welfare-involved youth and to identify characteristics that distinguish substance use trajectories. Methods: Data from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW II) were used. Multilevel latent growth mixture modeling (MLGMM) was performed using a subsample of 625 youth from ages 11–17 years investigated for maltreatment in 2008–2009. Measures included self-reported use of substance use during the previous 30 days, demographic characteristics, maltreatment history, placement in out-of-home care, and behavioral health problems. Results: MLGMM identified two distinct substance use trajectory classes including High Stable Substance Use and Rapid Progression Use. Findings suggest that the experience of physical abuse is the key factor that distinguishes the two groups. When the effects of class-specific covariates were examined, results suggest that involvement in substance use behavior and its escalation vary between groups and are affected by youth’s different previous experiences. Conclusions/Importance: The results have important implications for understanding individual differences in substance use behavior over time and how these differences were shaped by youth’s experiences of family adversity. Study findings may be helpful for developing and enhancing the effectiveness of interventions targeted at decreasing substance use behaviors in child welfare-involved youth.     

Change in basic need frustration in relation to perfectionism,anxiety, and performance in elite junior performers

The present study examined whether there were different growth profiles in basic need frustration in elite junior performers over a nine-month period. Subsequently, we examined whether the identified growth profiles differed in their levels of perfectionistic strivings and evaluative concerns measured at baseline and, additionally, whether they were associated with higher or lower levels of anxiety and perceived performance level in the end of the period. A sample of 259 (M_age = 17.31; SD_age = 0.97) elite junior performers from sports and performing arts completed an online questionnaire to report their self-ratings of the study variables. The analyses were conducted using growth mixture modeling in Mplus 8.0. Two main contrasting growth profiles were identified in each of the basic need frustration. Perfectionistic strivings were overall higher than evaluative concerns, but did not differ between the growth profiles. Conversely, evaluative concerns differed significantly between the identified growth profiles. Higher levels of evaluative concerns were associated with the most maladaptive growth profiles. Indeed, elite junior performers, who experienced moderate and increasing levels of competence and autonomy frustration, reported higher levels of anxiety and lower levels of perceived performance level than those who reported low and decreasing levels of competence and autonomy frustration. Based on these findings, evaluative concerns and basic need frustration appear to play key roles in the development of maladaptive motivational processes over time.     

肾糖康合剂联合西药治疗早期糖尿病肾病的临床研究

目的观察肾糖康合剂对早期糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)的临床疗效。方法将符合纳入标准的40例早期DN患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各20例,2组均予控制饮食、降糖等基础治疗,同时给予福辛普利每日1次,连服2月;治疗组在此基础上口服肾糖康合剂,每日1剂,每次300 ml,早晚各服1次,连服2月。结果治疗组尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值(Alb/Cr)和超敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)水平显著优于对照组,二者具有统计学差异。结论肾糖康合剂可以改善早期DN患者临床症状,减少尿微量白蛋白排泄,降低hsCRP从而改善慢性炎症。     

Isolation and genetic analysis of pure cells from forensic biological mixtures: The precision of a digital approach

Latest genotyping technologies allow to achieve a reliable genetic profile for the offender identification even from extremely minute biological evidence. The ultimate challenge occurs when genetic profiles need to be retrieved from a mixture, which is composed of biological material from two or more individuals. In this case, DNA profiling will often result in a complex genetic profile, which is then subject matter for statistical analysis.In principle, when more individuals contribute to a mixture with different biological fluids, their single genetic profiles can be obtained by separating the distinct cell types (e.g. epithelial cells, blood cells, sperm), prior to genotyping.Different approaches have been investigated for this purpose, such as fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS) or laser capture microdissection (LCM), but currently none of these methods can guarantee the complete separation of different type of cells present in a mixture.In other fields of application, such as oncology, DEPArray™ technology, an image-based, microfluidic digital sorter, has been widely proven to enable the separation of pure cells, with single-cell precision.This study investigates the applicability of DEPArray™ technology to forensic samples analysis, focusing on the resolution of the forensic mixture problem.For the first time, we report here the development of an application-specific DEPArray™ workflow enabling the detection and recovery of pure homogeneous cell pools from simulated blood/saliva and semen/saliva mixtures, providing full genetic match with genetic profiles of corresponding donors. In addition, we assess the performance of standard forensic methods for DNA quantitation and genotyping on low-count, DEPArray™-isolated cells, showing that pure, almost complete profiles can be obtained from as few as ten haploid cells. Finally, we explore the applicability in real casework samples, demonstrating that the described approach provides complete separation of cells with outstanding precision.In all examined cases, DEPArray™ technology proves to be a groundbreaking technology for the resolution of forensic biological mixtures, through the precise isolation of pure cells for an incontrovertible attribution of the obtained genetic profiles.     

Chromosomal aberrations in railroad transit workers: Effect of genetic polymorphisms

Complex chemical mixtures are transported by train from Russia to Finland for further shipment. Here, we studied if exposure to genotoxic components among these substances could affect chromosomal aberrations (CAs) in peripheral lymphocytes of workers handling the tank cars. An initial survey among 48 railroad workers and 39 referents (male smokers and nonsmokers) showed an elevation of CAs. A campaign was started to reduce exposures through preventive measures. Five years later, 51 tank car workers and 40 age‐matched referents (all nonsmoking men) were studied for CAs and genetic polymorphisms of xenobiotic metabolism (EPHX1, GSTM1, GSTP1, GSTT1, NAT1, NAT2), DNA repair (ERCC2, ERCC5, XPA, XPC, XRCC1, XRCC3), and folate metabolism (MTHFR, MTR). No increase in CAs was seen in the exposed group, suggesting that the preventive measures had been successful. However, a positive association existed between exposure duration and CA level among the exposed subjects. The level of chromosome‐type breaks was actually lower in the exposed workers than the referents, particularly among MTHFR wild‐type homozygotes or XRCC3 codon 241 variant allele carriers, suggesting modulation of CA frequency by folate metabolism and DNA repair. An interaction was observed between the occupational exposure and MTHFR, EPHX1, and MTR genotypes in determining CA level. The NAT2, ERCC2 exon 10, and XRCC1 codon 194 polymorphisms also affected CA frequency. Our findings suggest that handling of tank cars containing complex chemical mixtures poses a genotoxic risk, which may be reduced by preventive measures. Several genetic polymorphisms seem to modify the genotoxic effect or baseline CA level. Environ. Mal. Mutagen. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Stable dry powder inhaler formulation of tranilast attenuated antigen-evoked airway inflammation in rats

Tranilast (TL) has been clinically used for the treatment of airway inflammatory diseases, although the clinical use of TL is limited because of its poor solubility and systemic side effects. To overcome these drawbacks, a novel respirable powder of TL (CSD/TL-RP) for inhalation therapy was developed using nanocrystal solid dispersion of TL (CSD/TL). Stability study on CSD/TL-RP was carried out with a focus on inhalation performance. Even after 6 months of storage at room temperature, there were no significant morphological changes in micronized particles on the surface of carrier particles as compared with that before storage. Cascade impactor analyses on CSD/TL-RP demonstrated high inhalation performance with emitted dose and fine particle fraction (FPF) of ca. 98% and 60%, respectively. Long-term storage of CSD/TL-RP resulted in only a slight decrease in FPF value (ca. 54%). Inhaled CSD/TL-RP could attenuate antigen-induced inflammatory events in rats, as evidenced by marked reduction of granulocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and inflammatory biomarkers such as eosinophil peroxidase, myeloperoxidase, and lactate dehydrogenase. These findings were consistent with decreased expression levels of mRNAs for nuclear factor-kappa B and cyclooxygenase-2, typical inflammatory mediators. Given these findings, inhalable TL formulation might be an interesting alternative to oral therapy for the treatment of asthma and other airway inflammatory diseases with sufficient dispersing stability.     

厚朴排气合剂治疗腹部非胃肠吻合术后早期肠麻痹（气滞证）临床研究

目的观察厚朴排气合剂治疗腹部非胃肠吻合术后早期肠麻痹（气滞证）的临床疗效。方法采用随机对照的原则，将116例本病患者分为治疗组87例，对照组29例，治疗组口服厚朴排气合剂治疗，对照组口服西沙比利片治疗，24h后观察疗效。结果临床综合疗效总有效率治疗组为93．1％，对照组为86．2％，中医症状积分治疗前后差值治疗组为（21．94±7．08），对照组为（19．41±8．76），肛门排气症状改善治疗组平均起效时间为（13．49±4．71）h，对照组为（15．58±5．30）h，2组上述各指标比较，差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。提示厚朴排气合剂对腹部非胃肠吻合术后早期肠麻痹（气滞证）有积极疗效，与西沙比利疗效相近。结论厚朴排气合剂有促进肛门排气，消除腹部胀满，减轻疼痛，以达到改善腹部非胃肠吻合术后早期肠麻痹的作用。     

糖肾合剂治疗早期糖尿病肾病38例疗效观察

目的观察糖肾合剂治疗早期糖尿病肾病(DN)的临床疗效。方法76例早期DN患者随机分为对照组和治疗组各38例,2组均予饮食、运动及控制血糖、血压等常规治疗。在此基础上,治疗组加服糖肾合剂,每次1袋,每日1次;对照组加服洛丁新10 mg,每日1次口服。2组均30日为1个疗程,连用3个疗程。观察2组治疗后中医症状积分、尿微量白蛋白排泄率(UAER)、空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)及糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)的变化以及临床疗效。结果2组治疗后UAER比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但FPG、2 hPG、HbAlc以及中医证候积分比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论糖肾合剂是临床治疗早期DN的有效方剂。     

解酒合剂作用研究

目的:探讨解酒合剂的作用。方法:观察和比较解酒合剂对小鼠的攀爬活动、翻正反射和睡眠的影响。结果:解酒合剂能明显缓解小鼠因醉酒引起的平衡失调现象,延长小鼠睡眠耐受时间,缩短睡眠维持时间,降低急性酒精中毒的死亡率。结论:解酒合剂具有良好的解酒作用。