肾组织移植对慢性肾功能衰竭大鼠促红细胞生成素的调节作用

目的研究鼠婴肾组织移植于肾包膜下对促红细胞生成素的调节作用,为临床应用治疗肾性贫血提供理论依据。方法以Wistar雄性大鼠建立慢性肾功能衰竭动物模型为受体,将鼠婴肾组织块多点植入受体肾包膜下。治疗期间用EPO酶联免疫(ELISA)试剂盒测定血清EPO水平;观察肾组织病理改变,用免疫组化方法检测EPO在移植物中的表达。结果①60d时D组血清促红细胞生成素(1.768±0.140)mu/mL高于B组(1.160±0.324)mu/mL(P<0.01),与C组(2.329±0.125)mu/mL也有差异(P<0.05)。②移植后60d,移植物的体积由1mm3增至3-4mm3大小,表面血管网丰富,光镜下见肾小球、肾小管结构正常;③移植物EPO免疫组化,发现移植物EPO着色颗粒主要分布于肾皮质的肾小管,明显多于病例对照组大鼠肾组织(P<0.05)。结论通过对移植物的形态观察和功能测定,证明肾组织移植是一种有效的治疗手段,有可能为慢性肾性贫血提供一种新的途径。     

Influence of Rifampin on Capsule Formation Around Silicone Implants in a Rat Model

This study investigated the effect of rifampin on the thickness of capsules around silicone implants by bactericidal activity against Stapylococcus epidermidis. Silicone blocks (1 × 1 cm) were placed into pockets created for each of the 40 rats included in the study. In group 1, the operation was performed under aseptic conditions. In group 2, standard S. epidermidis was inoculated into the pocket, whereas rifampin and S. epidermidis were applied in group 3. In group 4, only rifampin was applied topically on implants. After 12 weeks, the peri-implant capsules were removed and examined under a photomicroscope and a scanning electron microscope. The mean thickness of the capsules was 63.307 μm in group 1, 111.538 μm in group 2, 43.076 μm in group 3, and 30.384 μm in group 4. The differences between groups 2 and 3 and groups 2 and 4 were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.001). Rifampin appears to be an agent for preventing peri-implant capsule formation.     

精神分裂症首次发病患者的磁共振弥散张量显像研究

目的探讨从未用过药的精神分裂症首次发病(以下简称首发)患者的重要白质及部分灰质区的磁共振弥散张量显像(DTI)的特点。方法选取9例首发精神分裂症患者(患者组)及9名年龄、性别、受教育程度与患者组相配对的健康者,应用DTI成像技术检测脑额颞交界处、内囊等白质区和颞中回灰质、中央前回、中央后回等灰质区的各向异性(FA)、表观扩散系数(ADC)及双侧海马体积。结果患者组及对照组组内左右两侧兴趣区FA值及ADC值的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);患者组与对照组各感兴趣区FA值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但患者组颞中回灰质(8.655×10-9)、中央前回(7.816×10-9)、中央后回(7.855×10-9)ADC值高于对照组(分别为7.428×10-9,6.921×10-9,7.013×10-9;P=0.049,0.009,0.005);两组内及组间双侧海马体积比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论首发精神分裂症患者与健康者DTI参数之间没有明显区别。     

通心络胶囊对实验性偏头痛大鼠CGRP及α-CGRP基因表达的影响

目的研究通心络胶囊对硝酸甘油性偏头痛大鼠模型血浆降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)、脑干及三叉神经节αCGRP基因mRNA表达的影响,以探讨通心络治疗偏头痛的可能机制。方法50只SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组、生理盐水组、模型组、苯噻啶防治组、通心络防治组。模型组和药物干预组用硝酸甘油10mg/kg皮下注射造模,每周1次,连续4周,第2次造模后每天分别灌服通心络1.5g/kg/d(通心络组)或苯噻啶0.5mg/kg/d(苯噻啶组)进行干预。第4次造模后用放射免疫法测定血浆CGRP、RTPCR技术测定脑干及三叉神经节区αCGRP基因mRNA的表达。结果与空白对照组比较,反复硝酸甘油造模后,通心络组血浆CGRP水平明显升高(55.63±9.01ng/Lvs45.23±1.79ng/L,P<0.05);苯噻啶组和通心络组αCGRP基因mRNA表达分别为0.67±0.12和0.64±0.12,与空白对照组的0.88±0.09比较,明显下调(P<0.05)。结论通心络胶囊下调了脑干及三叉神经节αCGRP基因mRNA的表达,增加了血浆CGRP含量,提示通心络胶囊不是通过下调血浆CGRP含量而起到预防偏头痛的作用。     

清斑胶囊对ICR鼠皮肤色素生成及抗氧化作用的实验研究

目的：探讨清斑胶囊对黄体酮诱导的孕期全身色素加深小鼠血液和肝脏中的SOD、MDA、GSH的影响,以及对小鼠皮肤组织黑色素的影响。方法：制备黄体酮体内注射诱导小鼠全身色素加深模型,给药治疗后采用SOD、MDA、GSH试剂盒检测血清和肝脏中相关指标的变化;体外观察清斑胶囊对酪氨酸酶活性影响;免疫组化法观察对小鼠皮肤组织黑色素的影响。结果：清斑胶囊低中高三剂量组可以明显提高SOD、GSH活力,降低MDA含量;体外实验表明,清斑胶囊明显抑制酪氨酸酶活性,有效抑制皮肤组织黑色素的形成。结论：清斑胶囊具有良好的抗氧化作用及抑制小鼠皮肤黑素生成的作用。     

负压封闭引流在骨科复杂创面修复中的应用

目的探讨负压封闭引流（VSD）在骨科复杂创面修复的适应证与疗效。方法对52例软组织缺损患者应用VSD治疗,负压吸引直至创面新鲜后经直接缝合、植皮或转移皮瓣覆盖修复。结果 52例创面均愈合良好。并发症：引流通路堵塞6例,膜下积液4例。结论负压封闭引流技术处理复杂软组织缺损疗效显著,是显微皮瓣技术的辅助及有益补充。     

足底内侧皮瓣在足跟部皮肤恶性肿瘤手术缺损修复中的应用

目的探讨足跟部皮肤恶性肿瘤切除后皮肤软组织缺损利用足底内侧皮瓣转移进行修复的方法并评价其疗效。方法对11例足跟周围皮肤恶性肿瘤患者病变局部扩大切除后,在肿瘤边界完整切除的基础上,皮肤软组织缺损采用足底内侧皮瓣转移进行修复。结果 11例均获随访,时间10个月~6年。转移皮瓣均成活,外形满意,感觉恢复,足及足趾活动良好,未见肿瘤复发。结论足底内侧皮瓣修复足跟部皮肤恶性肿瘤切除软组织中小面积缺损疗效较好。     

Defining the Origins of the Iliofemoral, Ischiofemoral, and Pubofemoral Ligaments of the Hip Capsuloligamentous Complex Utilizing Computer Navigation

Purpose  

To use computer navigation software to investigate the specific origins of the hip capsuloligamentous complex.     

Soft Tissue Tension in Cruciate-Retaining and Posterior-Stabilized Total Knee Arthroplasty

Using a tensor for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) designed to facilitate soft tissue balance measurements with a reduced patellofemoral joint, we intraoperatively compared the soft tissue tension of cruciate-retaining (CR) and posterior-stabilized (PS) TKAs performed at 0°, 10°, 45°, 90°, and 135° of flexion, with the patella both everted and reduced in 40 osteoarthritic patients. Although balance of soft tissue tension with a reduced patella of PS TKA slightly increased in varus from extension to flexion, these values slightly decreased for CR TKA from extension to flexion. Accordingly, we conclude that soft tissue tension patterns differ between everted and reduced patellae, as well as between PS and CR TKA.     

Effect of Er:YAG, CO(2) and diode laser irradiation on surface properties of zirconia endosseous dental implants

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Zirconia implants (ZI) are becoming more popular in implant dentistry, as a result of their favorable esthetic outcome. However, little is known about the impact laser application has on this material in the course of peri-implantitis treatment. The objective of this investigation was to analyze the influence of Er:YAG, CO(2) and diode laser irradiation on polished ZI. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) ceramic disks were irradiated at different power settings with either an Er:YAG, CO(2) or diode laser. The surface of the disks was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal 3D white light microscopy (CWLM). In addition energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis was performed on all disks. Six specimens were used for each parameter set of each laser. RESULTS: SEM analysis demonstrated that, regardless of the power settings, neither the diode laser nor the Er:YAG laser caused any visible surface alterations to ZI. The results of the CWLM were in agreement with the SEM pictures. However, Er:YAG irradiation did penetrate through the disks. At various power settings, the CO(2) treatment was characterized by material cracking and melting. The increased roughness values (from CWLM) of the ZI underlined the SEM observations. CONCLUSION: In contrast to diode and Er:YAG laser irradiation, the CO(2) laser revealed distinct surface alterations to zirconia at various laser parameters. However, the Er:YAG laser cannot be recommended for the treatment of ailing implants, as the laser beam penetrates the material. In this respect, currently, diode lasers seem to be the only laser systems offering surface preservation and safety in the treatment of peri-implantits with ZI.