携带双自杀基因且可诱导敲除SV40T的逆转录病毒载体的构建与结构鉴定

目的构建携带双自杀基因且可诱导敲除SV40T的逆转录病毒载体,优化目前的肝细胞永生化。方法去除eGFP终止子taa的pSEB-HUS质粒为逆转录病毒基础质粒。先将SV40T及其启动子hEFH亚克隆至pSEB-HUS,再将LoxP位点插入至pSEB-SV40T质粒的抗性基因Blasticidin上游获得pSEB-LoxP-SV40T质粒。同时将CD自杀基因定向克隆至pSEB-HUS的eGFP下游;然后设计一段HSV-tk自杀基因引物,在上游引物的5′端加入方向一致的LoxP序列。PCR获得TK基因后,定向克隆至CD下游获得pSEB-CD-TK,最后将pSEB-CD-TK上的双自杀基因亚克隆至pSEB-LoxP-SV40T质粒上得到携带双自杀基因及SV40T的质粒。结果PCR及酶切鉴定均证实两个自杀基因及SV40T正确克隆至逆转录病毒质粒中,目的基因序列与GenBank报道一致,两个LoxP位点方向相同。结论成功构建携带双自杀基因且可诱导敲除SV40T的逆转录病毒载体。     

猴空泡病毒40核酸序列检测法的优化研究

目的 对通常使用的猴空泡病毒40(Simian vacuolating virus 40,SV40)核酸序列检测法进行优化,寻找敏感性高、特异性强、适用面广的SV40核酸序列检测引物.方法 以21个SV40毒株完全基因组为基础数据,用Primer Premier 5.00软件重新设计两对SV40 DNA检测引物,用Oligo 6.71软件和DNAMAN 6.0.40软件对引物参数进行分析,将分析结果与通常使用的检测引物进行比较.用不同稀释度SV40核酸序列作模板,比较4对引物检测的敏感性.分别用无菌水、Vero细胞DNA、SV40 DNA作模板检测4对引物的特异性.结果 对于21个SV40病毒株,优化引物对VP1和T的序列是保守的;对于接受号为J02400、NC_001669、AF316139和AF316141的4个病毒株,通常使用的引物对GCVP1和GCT的序列是保守的;用同一稀释度的SV40 DNA作模板,引物对VP1和T的扩增效率明显高于引物对GCVP1和GCT;在特异性检测比较中,引物对VP1和T没有出现非特异性扩增条带,引物对GCVP1和GCT在100 bp处出现非特异性扩增条带.结论 优化的SV40核酸序列检测法具有敏感性高、特异性强、检测面广、引物及其PCR产物序列保守等特点.     

Exercise Intolerance in Patients With Heart Failure: JACC State-of-the-Art Review

Exercise intolerance is the cardinal symptom of heart failure (HF) and is of crucial relevance, because it is associated with a poor quality of life and increased mortality. While impaired cardiac reserve is considered to be central in HF, reduced exercise and functional capacity are the result of key patient characteristics and multisystem dysfunction, including aging, impaired pulmonary reserve, as well as peripheral and respiratory skeletal muscle dysfunction. We herein review the different modalities to quantify exercise intolerance, the pathophysiology of HF, and comorbid conditions as they lead to reductions in exercise and functional capacity, highlighting the fact that distinct causes may coexist and variably contribute to exercise intolerance in patients with HF.     

Human acid maltase-deficient myogenic cell transformation with origin-defective SV40: characterization of a cloned line

A clonal human skeletal muscle cell line showing acid maltase deficiency (AMD) was established through the transfection of origin-defective SV40 DNA. The low acid alpha-glucosidase activity and glycogenosomes in this clone corresponded to AMD. This clone, in spite of loading glycogenososmes, was competent not only as to proliferation without contact inhibition but also as to myogenic differentiation to some extent. Dexamethasone promoted the formation by the transformant of multinucleated myotubes, which expressed acetylcholine receptors. The existence of glycogenosomes did not seem to affect the proliferation or differentiation of myoblasts. The aberrant acid alpha-glucosidase expressed in the transformed myogenic clone was shown to be biochemically identical to that in AMD fibroblasts. This transformant should be of great value for investigating the pathogenesis of AMD because of the possibility of supplying semi-permanently a uniform myogenic cell line expressing AMD.     

Cell based approaches for evaluation of drug-induced liver injury

An improved understanding of mechanisms that underlie drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is required to enable design of drugs that have minimal potential to cause this adverse reaction in man. Available evidence suggests DILI arises in susceptible patients because of an imbalance between chemical insults (which are an inherent property of certain drugs and/or their metabolites) and the ability of the liver to mount compensatory/adaptive responses. In vivo safety testing in pre-clinical species ensures that drugs which enter clinical trials do not cause reproducible and dose-dependent liver injury in man, but is of limited value for exploration of underlying mechanisms and does not assess potential to cause rare idiosyncratic DILI. This review highlights the value that can be gained from in vitro studies using cultured hepatocytes and also hepatocyte-derived cell lines transfected with individual human cytochrome P450 (CYP450) isoforms. We have evaluated a range of mechanisms and endpoints (cell necrosis, mitochondrial injury, inhibition of biliary transporters and metabolite-mediated toxicity) using these model systems. Our data indicate that multiple mechanisms are likely to be involved in development of idiosyncratic DILI in man caused by numerous drugs, e.g. the anticonvulsant chlorpromazine.     

Oncogene-mediated propagation of tracheal epithelial cells from two cystic fibrosis fetuses with different mutations. Characterization of CFT-1 and CFT-2 cells in culture

Abstract. Primary tracheal epithelial cells obtained from two fetuses with cystic fibrosis (CF) were successfully transfected with a plasmid vector recombined with the large T oncogene of SV40. The resulting tracheal cells were propagated in culture for up to 25 passages and retained the mutations of the CF genes carried by the two fetuses, one heterozygous for the S549N and N1303K substitutions (CFT-I cells), and the other homozygous for the most common deletion ΔF508 (CFT-2 cells). The transfected cells: (a) expressed the SV40 large T oncogene, as determined by immunofluorescence and Northern blot analysis; (b) retained typical epithelial morphology, as assessed by the presence of microvilli, desmosomes, gap junctions, and cytokeratin expression; (c) were fully responsive to the cAMP-stimulating agents isproterenol, forskolin and vasoactive intestinal peptide for cAMP production and PKA activation; (d) do not produce any tumour in the athymic nude mice; (e) were diploid and tetraploid with a normal chromosomal complement at early passages, and (f) exhibited the abnormal regulation of chloride conductance characteristic of CF.
These results indicate that CFT-1 and CFT-2 cells constitute a suitable model for: (a) comparison of the maturation and function of the CFTR protein mutated in the two nucleotide-binding domains; (2) analysis of the biochemical defect in CF epithelial airway cells, (c) development of new therapeutic agents, and correction of the CF defect by gene replacement therapy in vitro .     

纯合子胃壁细胞特异性表达SV40T抗原转基因小鼠品系的建立

目的：建立稳定遗传的纯合子SV40T胃壁细胞定位表达转基因小鼠品系。方法：通过定量PCR法比较已知杂合子小鼠和未知阳性小鼠中外源基因的起始模板量来确定小鼠的基因型,并通过测交的方法来验证试验结果。结果：用定量PCR法选育出15只纯合子小鼠,经测交验证它们与野生型小鼠交配所生的后代均为阳性,证明了定量PCR的结果是正确的。通过纯合子之间的全同胞交配建立了6个独立的纯合子品系。结论：定量PCR具有省时、省力及高通量等优点,能够很好地应用于筛选纯合子转基因动物。