Effectiveness of yoga training program on the severity of autism

This study examines the effect of yoga training program (YTP) on the severity of autism in children with High Function Autism (HFA). Twenty-nine children aged 7 to 15 (mean = 11.22, SD = 2.91) years were randomly allocated to either yoga or control group. The participants in the yoga group received an 8-week (24-session) Yoga Training Program (YTP). Parents or caregivers of participants completed autism treatment evaluation checklist (ATEC) at baseline and the end of the intervention. The results of the analysis showed that there were significant differences between the two groups with regards to all ATEC sub-scores except ATEC I (speech/language/communication). This study provides support for the implementation of a yoga training program and identifies specific procedural enhancements to reduce the severity of symptoms in children with autism.     

Assessment of Baroreceptor Reflex Function During Mental Stress and Relaxation

This paper describes a method of measuring baroreceptor cardiac reflex sensitivity noninvasively from spontaneous patterns of blood pressure and interbeat interval, and the application of this technique in psychophysiology. Baroreflex function was assessed in 24 female volunteers during relaxation and performance of the cold pressor test and a non-verbal mental arithmetic task. Blood pressure and interbeat interval were monitored continuously from the finger using the vascular unloading technique. Sequences of three or more cardiac cycles were identified over which systolic blood pressure increased progressively in conjunction with lengthening interbeat interval, or systolic blood pressure decreased as interbeat interval was reduced. The regression between systolic blood pressure and interbeat interval was computed as an index of baroreflex sensitivity. Relaxation was associated with a small prolongation of interbeat interval, whereas baroreflex sensitivity increased from 17.1 to 19.8 ms/mmHg. Baroreflex sensitivity was reduced significantly during mental arithmetic (mean 14.2 ms/mmHg) but not during the cold pressor test (mean 17.4 ms/mmHg). The difference between mental arithmetic and the cold pressor test may be related to the relative intensity of cardiac and vascular responses in the two situations. The implications of these results for the understanding of behavioural influences on haemodynamic function are discussed and the advantages of noninvasive methods are considered.     

Effect of autogenic training on quality of life and symptoms in people living with HIV: A mixed method randomized controlled trial

ObjectiveQuality of life of people living with HIV is strongly affected by sleep problems, fatigue, pain, anxiety, and depression symptoms. This study set out to evaluate the effects of autogenic training (AT) on quality of life and symptoms within this population.MethodsA mixed method randomized controlled trial was conducted. Participants were randomly assigned to either the AT group (n = 32) or the control group (CG) (n = 31). Quality of life and symptoms were measured in both groups three times: prior to intervention (T0), immediately after intervention (T3), and three months after intervention (T6). Fourteen individual interviews were conducted.ResultsResults show a significant improvement in social and mental dimensions of quality of life for the two groups at T6. They also show a significant improvement in sleep for AT participants at T3. Qualitative results are consistent with quantitative ones.ConclusionAT seems to improve sleep quality and could improve some dimensions of quality of life and other symptoms among people living with HIV. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.Trial registration numberNCT01901016.     

Effects of a Contingent Relaxation Treatment Program on Adults with Refractory Epileptic Seizures

A group of eighteen adults with refractory epileptic seizures were given psychological treatment in a two-phase experimental group study. In phase one, the experimental phase, the patients were divided into three groups--contingent relaxation (CR), attention control (ATC) treatment, and a no-treatment (NT) control group--with the purpose of investigating the effects of a learning-based contingent relaxation program compared with the effects of professional attention alone when superimposed on a regular medical treatment program. The design of the experimental phase was comprised of a 10-week baseline, 6-week intervention, and 10-week follow-up. Results of this phase at the end of follow-up showed a significant reduction only for those patients receiving the CR treatment. In the nonexperimental phase, the two control groups also received the CR treatment for a 6-week period, and subsequent seizure frequency measures for all three groups were analyzed after 10-week and 30-week follow-up periods. Results of this phase showed a significant reduction in seizure frequency for all three groups after receiving the CR treatment. Effects of the CR treatment were maintained at a 30-week follow-up. The results indicate that the CR treatment program may be of substantial help to adults whose seizures are resistant to conventional drug therapy.     

会阴局麻术松弛会阴的效果评价

目的:评价会阴局麻术松弛会阴的效果.方法:56例实验组对宫口开全的产妇用0.5％普鲁卡因行双侧加正中会阴局麻,以使会阴松弛,使产妇免于侧切或严重撕裂;50例对照组按产科常规执行.结果:侧切率明显降低,会阴完好率明显提高.结论:此法简单、易行、经济,具有临床实用价值.     

分别基于行为疗法和口服帕罗西汀在治疗功能性腹痛综合征中的临床研究

目的探讨功能性腹痛综合征（FAPS）患者症状与精神心理状态的联系,比较分别基于行为疗法与口服帕罗西汀在治疗FAPS中的作用。方法以症状自评量表（SCL-90）评价FAPS患者和健康志愿者的心理状态,并与国内常模比较。将确诊为FAPS患者随机分为松弛行为疗法组和口服帕罗西汀组,记录每位患者治疗前后的症状（严重程度及影响程度）评分及相关因子分值,采用样本非参数检验进行统计学分析。记录患者及健康志愿者性别、是否绝经、年龄、文化程度、经济状况、对目前工作生活满意度及过去6个月有无重大负性事件,采用非条件Logistic回归分析发病危险因素。结果FAPS患者SCL90评价阳性率显著高于健康志愿者,部分因子分值高于国内常模,焦虑因子与FAPS症状严重程度呈显著相关,精神病性与强迫因子呈显著相关（P〈0.05）。治疗2周后,组内比较显示帕罗西汀组症状显著改善,组间比较显示帕罗西汀改善疼痛优于松弛疗法。治疗8周后,组内比较显示松弛疗法和口服帕罗西汀改善症状与焦虑因子分值差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。非条件Logistic回归分析,负性事件为密切相关危险因素。结论口服帕罗西汀治疗FAPS的短期疗效优于行为疗法,8周后2种方法总体疗效无显著差异;松弛行为疗法更易于患者接受,且成本/效益比优于口服药物。     

放松训练对化疗期乳腺癌患者情绪的影响

目的探讨放松训练疗法对化疗期乳腺癌患者情绪障碍的影响。方法住院的化疗期乳腺癌患者48例,均伴较强的情绪障碍,随机分为研究组和对照组,各24例,研究组进行隔天放松训练,共12周,两组采用HAMA及HAMD量表评估疗效。结果治疗12周后,研究组HAMA、HAMD总分低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论有目的、有计划地放松训练治疗能明显改善化疗期乳腺癌患者的负性情绪。     

Effect of relaxation on the level of nursing internshipstudents＇ stress

Objective： To explore how relaxation reduce the effect of stress in Iranian nursing students. Methods： A total of 40 nursing students were randomly selected and divided into two groups of test and control each with 20 students. An exam questionnaire consisting of the stress test of Spilberger and control of physiological determinants （blood pressure, pulse respiration, temperature） was performed to two groups. The practice of relaxation continued for two weeks and three times a day. Data were collected and analysed using t-test and Chi-square. Results： Two groups did not show any difference in relation to the average of physiological determinants before and after investigation. However, pulse was significantly different between the two groups. The average scores of stress before and after relaxation were significantly differed between the two groups investigation so that the level of stress was reduced in the test group （t= 2.5, df =39, P= 0.02）. Conclusion： To alleviate stressors associated with clinical practice and create a healthy work environment for practice it is recommended that nursing students have some relaxation before entering practical environments.     

亚急性衰老大鼠逼尿肌舒缩功能变化的实验研究

目的观察D—gal致亚急性衰老大鼠膀胱逼尿肌舒缩功能的变化。方法在初筛合格的sD大鼠颈背部皮下注射浓度为5％的D—gaI生理盐水溶液125mg·kg^-1·d^-1连续8周。用离体逼尿肌条实验观察动物逼尿肌舒缩功能,并进行组织病理形态学观察。结果与正常对照组比较,模型组动物逼尿肌自发性收缩频率加快（P〈0．01）．顺应性、弹力下降（P〈0．05～0．01）,但收缩性没有明显改变（P〉0．05）;ATP对亚急性衰老逼尿肌中的收缩作用增强,ISO在亚急性衰老动物逼尿肌中的抑制收缩作用减弱（P〈0．05～0．01）;病理形态学观察显示,模型动物膀胱形态改变明显,逼尿肌中胶原纤维组织所占比例增加（P〈0．01）。结论亚急性衰老大鼠逼尿肌舒缩功能及神经受体敏感性发生显著改变。