松弛反应对健康人群心理改善的荟萃分析

目的应用Meta分析的方法探讨松弛反应对我国健康人群心理状况的作用。方法检索520年有关松弛反应对正常人心理状况改善的文献,按照标准纳入采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）评估的文献,用系统评价软件Review Manage进行Meta分析。结果检索到9篇符合要求的文献,参与被试975人。中国健康人群在松弛反应练习前后SCL-90各因子的合并效应显示,加权均数差值（WMD）为0．10～0．24,合并效应检验的z值为3．64～9．64,P均〈0．05。结论松弛反应对中国健康人群心理状况有改善作用。     

耳穴贴压配合放松训练对四肢骨折患者术前睡眠质量的影响

目的 观察耳穴贴压配合三线放松训练改善四肢骨折患者术前睡眠质量的效果。方法 选取骨科住院的四肢骨折并进行择期手术治疗的患者200例,随机分为对照组和治疗组。对照组实施骨科术前常规护理,治疗组在术前常规护理的基础上采取耳穴贴压配合三线放松训练,干预前后采用阿森斯失眠量表对两组患者进行效果评价。结果 干预后治疗组失眠人数明显少于对照组（P＜0.01）。结论 耳穴贴压配合三线放松训练可以有效改善骨折患者术前睡眠质量,促进康复。     

磁共振T1ρ在大鼠肝纤维化模型中的应用价值

目的研究磁共振T1ρ在肝纤维化进程中的变化特征,探讨T1ρ在肝纤维化大鼠模型中的应用价值。方法 SD大鼠65只(对照组15只,模型组50只),模型组采用四氯化碳诱导不同时间以获取不同程度的肝纤维化。使用3.0T磁共振应用5个自旋锁定时间获得T1ρ值。扫描后行肝脏病理学检查,将影像结果与病理结果行对照分析。结果 5只大鼠在造模过程中死亡,60只大鼠纳入分析,肝纤维化各期的T1ρ值在5组间整体比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。单因素方差分析,T1ρ值在F1期和F2期之间没有差异,在其余各期之间均有统计学差异。相关性分析结果为T1ρ值与肝纤维化程度呈正相关(r=0.863,P0.05)。结论磁共振T1ρ可以作为一种无创、敏感的新技术用于探测肝肝纤维进程中病理及生理改变,有助于早期检测和定量诊断肝纤维化。     

Effect of listening to music and essential oil inhalation on patients undergoing screening CT colonography: A randomized controlled trial

ObjectiveTo prospectively evaluate the effect of listening to music and inhaling aroma oil on patients undergoing screening computed tomography colonography.Materials and methodsTwo hundred and twenty four participants were randomly allocated to one of the four groups including: (1) combined music and aroma, (2) music alone, (3) aroma alone, and (4) control. The visual analog scale for pain and a questionnaire were used for subjective outcomes. We also used a pre-test–post-test design to compare the differences in blood pressure and heart rate as objective outcomes.ResultsThere were no statistical differences between the control group and other groups in the visual analog scale or changes in heart rate. Changes in blood pressure were similar. Participants reported good overall experiences. There were no differences in terms of overall satisfaction, pain rating, willingness to repeat the computed tomography colonography procedure in the future, or preference between colonoscopy and computed tomography colonography. More participants using music and/or aroma requested music and/or aroma during the next computed tomography colonography (P < 0.0001).ConclusionAlthough audio and olfactory intervention had little effect on perceived pain or discomfort and vital signs, participants who listened to music and inhaled aroma during the computed tomography colonography preferred music and aroma during the next computed tomography colonography.     

放松疗法在内镜逆行胰胆管造影术中的应用

目的探讨实施放松疗法对内镜逆行胰胆管造影术（ERCP）患者围手术期心率和血压的影响。方法选择2008年1月一2011年1月在同济大学附属第十人民医院实施ERCP术前出现焦虑、抑郁的患者46例,于手术前3h,术后3h、24h及48h实施放松疗法,并在放松前后测量记录患者心率、收缩压和舒张压。结果术前3h、手术后3h和24h患者在放松前后心率、血压收缩压和舒张压比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;术后48h患者在放松前后心率、收缩压及舒张压比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论通过对ERCP患者实施放松疗法,能稳定患者的心率和血压,帮助患者安全度过围手术期。     

Viscoelastic properties of the ovine posterior spinal ligaments are strain dependent

Background

The biomechanical role of the posterior spinal ligaments for spinal stability has been stated in previous studies. The investigation of the viscoelastic properties of human lumbar spinal ligaments is essential for the understanding of physiological differences between healthy and degenerated tissues. The stress-relaxation behavior of biological tissues is commonly described with the quasi-linear viscoelastic model of Fung, which assumes that the stress-relaxation response is independent of the applied strain. The goal of this study was to investigate the stress-relaxation response of ovine posterior spinal ligaments at different elongations to verify the above-mentioned hypothesis.

Methods

Twenty-four ovine lumbar spinal segments, consisting of only the supraspinous and interspinous ligaments and adjoining spinous processes, were elongated uniaxially to different strain levels within the physiological elastic region (5–20%). The experimental data were described with a non-linear viscoelastic model: the modified superposition method of Findley.

Findings

A linear dependency of the relaxation rate to the applied strains was observed on intact segments, when both ligaments were considered, as well as on each individual ligament. This result can be applied to the human spinal ligaments, due to similarities observed between the sheep and human spinal segment under physiological loading.

Interpretation

The non-linear viscoelastic modified superposition method of Findley is an appropriate model for describing the viscoelastic properties of lumbar spinal ligaments in vitro due to its ability to address variation in applied strain during the force relaxation measurements.     

体外循环心脏不停跳下心肌桥松解术的护理配合

目的总结体外循环心脏不停跳下心肌桥松解术的手术配合。方法2008年4～8月,对4例冠脉动脉左前降支心肌桥患者在心脏不停跳下完成心肌松解术,采用体外循环冠脉搭桥手术一样的暴露方法,锐性切开心肌桥上的心肌组织。结果4例心肌桥松解术均获得成功,术后心肌缺血症状消失,心电图提示心肌缺血改善,术后3个月冠脉造影显示心肌桥消失。结论对于病情严重的心肌桥狭窄50%患者,应该积极干预治疗。体外循环心脏不停跳下心肌松解术效果好,术中更易寻找冠脉,减少对冠脉的损伤,术后心肌桥保护更好,手术效果切实。术中密切观察病情进展,做好术中保温,预防心律紊乱,保持循环稳定等全程护理是促进手术成功的关键。     

放松训练对突发性耳聋患者的影响

目的 探讨治疗突发性耳聋患者有效的护理措施.方法 将符合突发性耳聋患者60例,按入院顺序随机分为两组,实验组30例,对照组30例.两组患者采用同样的治疗和常规护理外,实验组进行放松训练,对两组患者的焦虑、抑郁值及睡眠情况进行评价.结果 两组患者焦虑及抑郁值比较,实验组较对照组降低,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05);实验组患者睡眠质量明显改善.结论 放松训练是治疗突发性耳聋患者有效的护理措施.     

放松训练改善门诊慢性病患者的焦虑情绪和睡眠质量

目的 探讨减轻门诊慢性病患者焦虑情绪、改善睡眠质量的简单有效的护理方法.方法 将60例在门诊接受输液治疗并存在焦虑情绪和睡眠障碍的慢性病患者随机分为实验组和对照组各30例,对照组患者单纯按医嘱实施常规输液治疗,实验组在常规输液治疗的基础上给予放松训练干预,疗程4周,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和睡眠自测量表(AIS)分别于干预前后对患者进行测评.结果 干预后两组患者焦虑评分和睡眠评分比较,实验组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01),实验组的焦虑程度和睡眠障碍较对照组明显减轻.结论 放松训练可以改善门诊慢性病患者的焦虑情绪和睡眠质量.