反流性食管炎4 311例临床分析

目的:对本院24 a间胃镜检查后诊断的反流性食管炎(RE)病例的回顾性总结分析,探讨RE的内镜和临床特点.方法:1982年1月至2006年2月在本院就诊并行胃镜检查诊断为RE者4 311例,按洛杉矶标准进行分级,分析患者年龄、性别、症状、伴发疾病及与各项检查的关系.结果:RE占总胃镜检查总人数的8.39%,1996年至2005年间达12.3%.男女之比为1.97∶1.RE年龄(50.98±15.18)岁.RE患者中22.1%合并消化性溃疡,仅4.0%有典型的反流症状.RE以轻度(洛杉矶标准的A、B级)为多见(74.70%),中、重度较少(25.3%).结论:本院RE的胃镜检出率较高,为门诊患者的常见病、多发病;患者以男性老年人多见,以轻度RE为主;合并消化性溃疡可能是发生RE的危险因素;仅依据反流症状来诊断RE的敏感性较低,内镜对RE的诊断具有重要意义.     

旋覆代赭汤对反流性食管炎大鼠食管组织舒缩神经递质的影响

目的:观察旋覆代赭汤及原方倍用甘补组方对反流性食管炎(RE)模型大鼠食管舒缩神经递质活力的影响。方法:将110只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分成正常对照组、假手术组和造模组。将造模组大鼠制备成反流性食管炎动物模型后随机分为模型对照组、旋覆代赭汤原方组、原方倍用甘补方组、西药对照组。进而观察食管下段黏膜组织形态学变化及食管组织及血浆ChAT及NOS活力的表达情况。结果:原方组、甘补组及西药组大鼠食管组织ChAT活力较模型组明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);原方组、甘补组及西药组大鼠食管组织NOS活力较模型组明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:旋覆代赭汤能够通过影响食管组织及血浆舒缩神经递质合成酶活力,改善食管组织的舒缩功能。     

和降汤治疗反流性食管炎85例

[目的]观察和降汤治疗反流性食管炎的临床疗效。[方法]85例患者均用和降汤加减治疗,1个月为1疗程。[结果]85例中,显效72例,好转11例,无效2例,总有效率97.6%。[结论]和降汤治疗反流性食管炎疗效显著。     

反流性食管炎中医证候分布特点的文献研究

目的:通过文献探讨反流性食管炎中医证候的分布规律,提取证候要素,总结分布特点。方法:检索CBM、CNKI、万方、VIP数据库(截止至2011年9月),收集反流性食管炎的中医证型文献,进行证候要素分析、提取。结果:纳入文献37篇,报告病例3 078例,报道证候类型26种,以肝胃郁热和肝胃不和为主;证候要素16个,主要病位证素为胃、肝、脾,病性证素中实证证素以热、气滞、湿为主,虚证证素以阳虚、阴虚多见。结论:反流性食管炎证候类型以肝胃郁热和肝胃不和为主,主要病位在胃、肝、脾,病性以实证为主。     

320例子宫输卯管造影结果分析

目的：探讨子宫输卵管造影的x线摄片结果与相关症状及造影药物用量的关系。方法：回顾性分析自2008年1月至2012年7月间在山东省计划生育科学技术研究所女性室进行子宫输卵管造影的320例患者,采用泛影葡胺作造影剂,用x线计算机数字摄影系统（cR）行透视观察造影剂流经子宫输卵管情况并摄片。对X线摄片结果、造影剂用量、术中患者的腹痛症状、操作医生注入造影剂时感觉到的阻力情况及造影剂返流情况等相关数据进行统计学分析,利用SPSS17．0进行卡方检验和方差分析。结果：根据x线摄片结果,320例患者中双侧通畅者为176例,双侧梗阻者为56例,单侧通畅者为88例。三组间的腹痛情况、阻力、返流情况有所不同,其差异有统计学意义（x2=58．967,P〈0．05;x2=82．245,P〈0．05;22=58．294,P〈0．05）。双侧通畅组造影剂的平均用量为（9．970±3．369）ml,双侧梗阻组为（7．960±3．096）ml,单侧通畅组为（9．340±3．440）ml,各组间所用造影剂的量有差异（P〈0．05）。结论：根据患者自述的腹痛情况、操作医生的阻力感、造影剂的返流情况以及造影剂的用量,可以初步判断输卵管的通畅情况,与x线摄片结果密切结合可以协助明确诊断。     

Changing epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease in the Asian–Pacific region: An overview

Abstract   Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disease in the West, which now appears to be also increasing in prevalence in the Asian Pacific region. The reasons for this changing epidemiology are two-fold: an increased awareness among doctors and patients, and/or a true increase in the prevalence of the disease. Prevalence rates of reflux esophagitis (RE) of up to 16% and prevalence of GERD symptoms of up to 9% have been reported in the Asian population. However, the frequency of strictures and Barrett's esophagus remain very low. Non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) appears to be the most common form of GERD among Asian patients accounting for 50–70% of cases with GERD. Among Asian patients differences can also be discerned among different ethnic groups. For example, in Malaysia where a multiracial society exists, RE is significantly more common among Indians compared to Chinese and Malays whereas NERD is more frequently seen in the Indian and Malays compared to the Chinese. The reasons for these differences are not known but may indicate both genetic factors and environmental factors peculiar to the particular racial group. GERD has also been increasing in the region demonstrating a time-lag phenomenon compared to the West. Differing predisposition to GERD among different ethnic groups would mean that such an increase would be more prominent among certain racial groups.     

CT评估成人后髁导静脉及其骨管

目的 基于头颈部CTA评估成人后髁导静脉的解剖学特征。方法 分析254例受检者（508侧）的头颈部CTA资料,经多平面重建后评估后髁导静脉的发生情况、走行、长度、截面积、内口连接位置及其与静脉回流优势和颈静脉球窝高位的关系。结果 254例（508侧）中,后髁导静脉发生率为50.98%（259/508）,性别、侧别间差异均无统计学意义,其中双侧37.40%（95/254）;走行为S型者175侧,直线型14侧,不规则型70侧;后髁导静脉中位长度为2.14（1.04,2.97） cm,中位截面积7.55（4.93,11.68） mm²;后髁导静脉内口与乙状窦下曲段连接43侧（43/259,16.60%）,与颈静脉球连接149侧（149/259,57.53%）,与二者交界处连接67侧（67/259,25.87%）;脑静脉回流优势侧（116/218,53.21%）与非优势侧（143/290,49.31%）间同侧后髁导静脉的出现率差异无统计学意义（P=0.759）;在19侧粗大后髁导静脉中,14侧脑静脉回流为同侧优势型,粗大与非粗大后髁导静脉间静脉回流优势侧所占比差异有统计学意义（P=0.021）;颈静脉球窝高位侧后髁导静脉出现率（158/288,54.86%）高于无高位侧（101/220,45.91%;P=0.028）。结论 后髁导静脉不同个体间变化差异大,CT可清晰显示其解剖学特征。     

Bioelectric Impedance Analysis in the Diagnosis of Vesicoureteral Reflux

Background:

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a common abnormality of the urinary tract in childhood.

Objectives:

As urine enters the ureters and renal pelvis during voiding in vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), we hypothesized that change in body water composition before and after voiding may be less different in children with VUR.

Patients and Methods:

Patients were grouped as those with VUR (Group 1) and without VUR (Group 2). Bioelectric impedance analysis was performed before and after voiding, and third space fluid (TSF) (L), percent of total body fluid (TBF%), extracellular fluid (ECF%), and intracellular fluid (ICF%) were recorded. After change of TSF, TBF, ECF, ICF (ΔTSF, ΔTBF%, ΔECF%, ΔICF%), urine volume (mL), and urine volume/body weight (mL/kg) were calculated. Groups 1 and 2 were compared for these parameters. In addition, pre- and post-voiding body fluid values were compared in each group.

Results:

TBF%, ECF%, ICF%, and TSF in both pre- and post-voiding states and ΔTBF%, ΔECF%, ΔICF%, and ΔTSF after voiding were not different between groups. However, while post-voiding TBF%, ECF% was significantly decreased in Group 1 (64.5 ± 8.1 vs 63.7 ± 7.2, P = 0.013 for TBF%), there was not post-voiding change in TSF in the same group. On the other hand, there was also a significant TSF decrease in Group 2.

Conclusions:

Bladder and ureter can be considered as the third space. Thus, we think that BIA has been useful in discriminating children with VUR as there was no decreased in patients with VUR, although there was decreased TSF in patients without VUR. However, further studies are needed to increase the accuracy of this hypothesis.