腹腔镜下精索血管高位离断后大鼠睾丸的形态学改变

目的观察腹腔镜FowlerStephens(FS)手术对青春发育前、中、后期睾丸形态结构的影响。方法30d龄Wistar大鼠麻醉后建立CO2气腹,分别行右侧精索血管游离术(对照组)、右侧腹腔内精索血管离断术(FS组),术后将每大组大鼠再分成7个小组(对照组每小组5只;FS组每小组8～12只),分别在术后第9d(青春发育期前)、20d和45d(青春发育期)、90d和180d(性发育成熟期)、360d和540d(中年期),获取睾丸进行详尽的组织形态学研究。结果FS手术可以引起术后不同时期共85%手术侧睾丸出现轻度(血睾屏障受损为主)、重度(唯支持细胞综合征为主)和完全萎缩(丧失睾丸基本结构,无生殖细胞存活);当轻度或重度萎缩,对侧睾丸未受累;当完全萎缩(49%),对侧睾丸在手术45d后,100%出现轻度(青春发育期后)或重度(中年期)萎缩;间质细胞增生或腺瘤可发生于轻、重和完全萎缩睾丸中(P<0.001)。结论腹腔镜FS动物模型可用幼年大鼠建立;该手术可以引起从青春发育前期至中年期较高比例、不同程度的睾丸萎缩,其中完全萎缩可以影响到对(健)侧睾丸,而可能引起青春发育期后生殖力下降或丧失;睾丸间质肿瘤可以较高比例地发生于不同程度萎缩睾丸中。     

原发性腹膜后肿瘤的CT诊断

目的:探讨CT对原发性腹膜后肿瘤的诊断价值。方法:搜集7例经手术病理确诊的原发性腹膜后肿瘤的病例,分析其影像表现,6例行平扫及增强检查,一例仅行平扫检查。结果:脂肪肉瘤1例、平滑肌肉瘤1例、纤维肉瘤1例、畸胎瘤2例、神经母细胞瘤2例。结论:掌握腹膜后区的正常解剖结构,能提高对肿瘤定位诊断的准确性,同时结合肿瘤的CT表现及临床资料等,对肿瘤的定性诊断有一定帮助。     

食管癌术后完整胸胃的排空功能

目的观察保留完整的胸胃在未附加幽门引流术的情况下,对半固体食物的排空过程,探讨完整胸胃的排空规律。方法20例胸段食管癌病人分2组,近期术后组(12例)和远期术后组(8例),另设对照组(健康成年人10例)。观察不同时期病人,在进食试餐后120min内不同时间点的胃排空率(GER)和0～30min及30～120min的胃排空速率(GEV),并进行组间比较。结果近期术后病人的GER与术前相比,餐后5～100min明显快于术前(P<0.05);120minGER无差别(P>0.05);近期术后病人餐后GEV:0～30min加快而30～120min延迟,两个时间段的GEV比较差别显著(P<0.001);远期术后与近期术后病人的GER各时间点比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论食管癌近期术后大部分病人的胸胃对半固体食物排空呈双相,但120min总排空率与术前相比无差别;远期术后病人胸胃对半固体食物的排空与近期术后无差别,食管癌病人手术时不需要常规附加幽门引流术。     

Rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap in radical oncopelvic surgery: A safe and useful procedure

AIMS: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the usefulness of rectus abdominis myocutaneous (RAM) flaps to treat locally advanced pelvic gynaecological or digestive tumours. METHODS: We reviewed 46 patients, who received RAM flaps after radical oncopelvic surgery, including: (a) total vaginal reconstruction (TVR); (b) partial vaginal reconstruction (PVR); (c) perineal reconstruction (PR). RESULTS: Between 1989 and 1998, 46 patients underwent pelvi-perineal reconstruction with RAM flaps after radical pelvic surgery for carcinoma of the cervix (n=22), anal carcinoma (n=11), rectal carcinoma (n=7), or other pelvic tumours types (n=6). There were two post-operative deaths. Overall surgical morbidity was 45, 6% (n=21). Specific morbidity of the RAM flap was 21, 7% (n=10). Global re-intervention rate was 13% (n=6). CONCLUSION: Rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap in radical oncopelvic surgery is useful for vaginal or perineal reconstruction and prevention of pelvic collections after extended resections with a low rate of associated morbidity.     

眼眶炎性假瘤23例影像诊断分析

目的：比较分析影像检查方法对眼眶炎性假瘤的定位及定性诊断的价值.方法：对23例（25只眼）眼眶炎性假瘤患者的B超、CT及磁共振成像（MRI）检查结果进行观察分析.结果：B超、CT和MRI检查均可确定病变位置并提示病变的性质,但B超能较好显示病变内部结构和动态,CT发现病变及确定位置较精确,MRI可提示病变的组织结构.结论：三种影像学检查均能对眼眶炎性假瘤作出定位及定性诊断,但各有其优缺点,将三者结合可以互补不足,使诊断更确切.     

Predictors of a positive baseline bone scan in breast cancer

The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the predictors of a positive bone scan in female patients with breast carcinoma. The participants were 126 females with newly diagnosed breast carcinoma and a baseline bone scan. Patients who had started treatment before their bone scan were excluded. Bone scans were assessed as ‘no metastases’ or ‘definite skeletal metastases’ without knowledge of the patient's predictor variables. Those with ‘possible metastases’ were correlated with other available imaging and clinical information, and recategorized as ‘no metastases’ or ‘definite skeletal metastases’. Results were compared with predictor variables. Significant predictors were increasing age, a higher histopathological grading and positive progesterone receptor status following a forward-stepwise logistic regression analysis. Axillary nodal status, tumour size and oestrogen receptor status did not correlate with a positive bone scan. Not every patient needs a staging bone scan. This study is important because it predicts the need for baseline scintigraphy for specific patients in whom skeletal metastases are more likely to be present or to develop. The findings are particularly valuable in times of worldwide resource scarcity and evolving surgical practice.     

大黄素对膀胱肿瘤细胞株BIu87和T24的作用研究

目的　探讨大黄素对HER - 2高表达的T2 4和低表达的BIU87膀胱肿瘤细胞株的作用 ,初步明确其用于治疗的可能性。方法　用抗HER - 2单克隆抗体作细胞株的免疫细胞化学 ,用MTT法检测大黄素和阿霉素的细胞抑制率 ,并计算出其相应的IC50 。以IC50 作为参考浓度 ,作用于肿瘤细胞株 ,用流式细胞仪测定细胞凋亡率。结果　T2 4为HER - 2高表达 ,BIU87为低表达。大黄素作用后 72h ,BIU87和T2 4的IC50 分别为 34 2 μM和13 6 μM ,阿霉素的IC50 分别为 19 1μM和 2 5 5 μM。两细胞株的平均IC50 浓度作用于BIU87和T2 4 ,大黄素细胞凋亡率分别为 4 4 5 %和 77 3% (P <0 0 1) ,阿霉素分别为 5 6 9%和 5 7 3% ,P >0 0 5。结论　大黄素对HER- 2高表达之细胞株T2 4的作用优于低表达之细胞株BIU87     

Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia of the breast: A case report

Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) is a rare benign breast entity scarcely reported in the medical literature. Its pathogenesis, etiology, and optimal treatment are still unknown. PASH tumors have a broad spectrum of clinical presentations and might be mistaken for malignancies. The authors present six patients diagnosed with PASH.     

金属蛋白酶解离素9在肿瘤中的研究进展

金属蛋白酶解离素9(ADAM9)是金属蛋白酶解离素家族中的一员,主要以其金属蛋白酶活性和与整合素结合的能力广泛参与人类多种疾病的发生发展,尤其是肿瘤性疾病.深入研究ADAM9在肿瘤发生发展中的作用有助于找到新的靶点,从而为肿瘤治疗提供新的方法.