三种斑马鱼血瘀模型在三七抗血栓及抗心肌缺氧能力评价中的应用

目的:采用不同诱导剂建立3种斑马鱼血瘀模型,优选最适宜评价三七活血能力的模型。方法:花生四烯酸(AA),普纳替尼(Ponatinib),异丙肾上腺素(ISO)分别建立斑马鱼血瘀模型,设置正常组、模型组、阳性药组、不同浓度三七水提物冻干粉组,计算心脏红细胞染色强度、心脏凋亡细胞荧光强度,评价三七的抗血栓作用和抗心肌缺氧能力。基于优选的评价三七活血化瘀活性的血瘀模型—AA,ISO诱导的斑马鱼血瘀模型,比对三七水提取物及70%甲醇提取物之间的活性,并采用UHPLC LTQ-Orbitrap MS/MS技术比对其化学成分差异。结果:AA,Ponatinib诱导后斑马鱼心脏红细胞染色强度显著降低(P<0.01),ISO诱导后心脏凋亡细胞荧光强度显著升高(P<0.01),三七水提物冻干粉可以拮抗AA模型的血栓形成(P<0.01)和ISO模型的心肌凋亡(P<0.05),对Ponatinib模型血栓形成无显著改善作用。三七70%甲醇提取物冻干粉可以抑制ISO血瘀模型的心肌凋亡(P<0.01),作用强于三七水提物冻干粉,其成分差别主要在于人参皂苷Re等部分皂苷类以及氨基酸类...     

细辛的化学成分及药理作用研究进展

细辛是一味传统的解表药,其根和根茎中含有丰富的化学成分,包括木脂素类、黄酮类、甾体类、多糖类和挥发油(萜类、芳香族类、脂肪族类)等.因其具有发表散寒之功,传统上常用于痰饮咳喘、风寒感冒、风湿痹痛等病证的治疗.现代药理研究表明,细辛除具有基于传统功效的镇痛、抗炎、止咳、平喘等药理活性外,还具有抗病毒、抗菌、镇静、抗氧化、...     

云南赤芍抗乙型肝炎病毒的体外实验研究

目的:初步研究云南赤芍的抗乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)作用。方法:通过云南赤芍作用于体外培养的2.2.15细胞,观察其对2.2.15细胞两抗原分泌的影响.初步评价其抗HBV作用。结果:云南赤芍作用于2.2.15细胞12d后,药物对2.2.15细胞的半数毒性浓度为3.85g／L,对HBsAg、HBeAg的半数抑制浓度分别为<0.156g／L、0.54g／L,治疗指数分别为>24.68、7.13。结论:云南赤芍在体外细胞培养中对两抗原的分泌有较好的抑制作用。     

A Study on the Effect of Ethanol Extract of Radix Rhapontici on Erythrocyte Immune Function in Rats

This paper mainly studied the effect of ethanol extract of Radix rhapontici on erythrocyte immune function in SD rats with acute blood stasis. The methods used the effect on erythrocyte immune function. After intragastric administration of suspension of ethanol extract of Radix rhapontici to SD rats for 3 weeks, on the 21st day from intragastric administration, SD rats were made into blood stasis model and bloods were collected to determine the C3b, C3bRR, RFIR, and RFER in erythrocyte immune function. Meanwhile, serum total antioxidant activity (TAA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level of rats were determined, and experimental results were analysed with analysis of variance and Q test. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Radix rhapontici had a very good effect on enhancement of erythrocyte immune function in SD rats.     

Delivery of radix ophiopogonis polysaccharide via sucrose acetate isobutyrate-based in situ forming systems alone or combined with its mono-PEGylation

This work aimed to achieve long-lasting delivery of radix ophiopogonis polysaccharide (ROP) by sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB)-based in situ forming systems (ISFSs) alone or combined with mono-PEGylation of ROP. When the ‘90%SAIB/10% solvent’ system was used, the mean residence time (MRT) of ROP was prolonged by 4.3 5?～?7.00 times and the initial release rate was reduced significantly. However, this system was only suitable for days-long sustained release of ROP in short-term therapy. As to the ‘SAIB/additives/solvent’ system containing mono-PEGylated ROP, the results indicated that SAIB/poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was superior to SAIB/polylactic acid (PLA)/NMP and SAIB/PLA/ethanol in controlled release. Moreover, weeks- to months-long (16–60 d) smooth release of ROP could be achieved by varying the concentration (10–30%) and molecular weight (MW) of PLGA (10–50?kDa) or by employing a moderate MW of PEGylated ROP (～20 or ～30?kDa). With further increasing the conjugate MW to ～40?kDa, the contribution of drug elimination to its plasma retention seemed to surpass that of the SAIB-based system, resulting in that the system no longer had an obvious influence on the in vivo behavior of the conjugate. Besides, the results of host response confirmed that with less solvent being used, the SAIB-based systems showed a higher biocompatibility than the PLGA-based systems, suggesting that they could be freely chosen in the prevention and/or cure of chronic diseases.     

Phytochemical characterization,antioxidant potential,and health risk assessment of Radix Oryzae Glutinosae

Radix Oryzae Glutinosae (ROG) has been used as a traditional anhidrotic agent in China. Ten samples were systematically assessed based on four aspects of their chemical profiles and antioxidant activity. The former was achieved using ultraviolet-visible spectra (UV), infrared absorption spectra (IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H NMR), and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) fingerprints, and antioxidant activity was assessed using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, the 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) assay, and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The presence of amino acids, flavonoids, organic acids, and sugars was indicated in all samples. A hierarchical cluster analysis and a canonical discriminant analysis were introduced to interpret the results of the multi-pattern fingerprint. The results of the correlations between the individual elements and between each element with the different types of metabolites displayed many interesting patterns. In vitro studies revealed that all samples displayed antioxidant activities. A pollution status examination and heavy metal evaluation of the ROG samples were performed. The human health risk assessment associated with the intake of potentially harmful elements in herbs was calculated in terms of the estimated daily intake, the target hazard quotient, and the lifetime cancer risk. The Nemerow multi-factor pollution index results suggested that all samples belonged to the serious pollution level. The results of the noncarcinogenic risk assessment study indicated that the pattern of consumption of this herb in China seems to suggest an excessive health hazard associated with some toxic elements studied. The carcinogenic risk results suggested that there is a potential risk due to As, Cr, Cd, and Ni for consumers, and these may contribute to the population cancer burden through ROG ingestion. This study provides insights into the organic medicinal constituents and the trace elements of the herb. The results will enable this herb to be used more effectively and safely.     

黄芩处方的调查和分析

目的通过处方统计探讨黄芩在医疗机构门诊处方中的使用情况、用药思维和配伍规律。方法调查北京地区医疗机构门诊处方7682张,对其中含有黄芩的处方进行统计分析。结果黄芩处方占门诊处方的15．13％,其中黄芩剂量在6-15g范围的处方占88．83％,黄芩平均剂量为9．82g,黄芩处方主要用于治疗肺系、肝胆系、脾胃系、和妇科四类病证,这四类病证的处方占88．33％,临床常配伍柴胡、黄连、金银花、鱼腥草、半夏、桑白皮、白术等药物。结论黄芩临床使用广泛,配伍药物具有多样性和规律性。     

赤芍的抑菌作用及其防治慢性牙周炎的机制研究

目的 研究赤芍提取物对牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas gingivalis,P.g)、具核梭杆菌(Fusobacterium nucleatum,F.n)和伴放线聚集杆菌(Actinobacillus Actinomycetes,A.a)的抑菌作用,并通过网络药理学方法分析赤芍防治慢性牙周炎(chronic...     

当归在神经退行性疾病中的研究进展

神经退行性疾病是由于中枢神经系统细胞和组织发生变性和功能障碍所导致的一组疾病,主要包括阿尔兹海默病（AD）、帕金森病（PD）、癫痫等神经系统慢性疾病,这些疾病的临床表现均为认知功能下降。神经退行性疾病多发于老年人,随着人口老龄化的问题日益突出,神经退行性疾病逐渐成为大家关注的焦点,且严重影响着人类的健康和生活质量。神经退行性疾病的发病机制非常复杂,主要与线粒体功能障碍、细胞凋亡、神经毒素蛋白、神经递质异常、氧化应激和炎症反应等因素有关。市面上的西药虽能改善神经退行性疾病的症状,但不良反应大,不利于患者长期服用。中药当归最早被记载于《神农本草经》,具有活血补血、免疫调节、调经止痛等功效,研究发现其有效成分可以抑制神经退行性疾病的发病机制,对神经退行性疾病有一定的治疗作用。该文总结了近10年当归及其复方在神经退行性疾病中的作用,以期为当归在今后神经退行性疾病中的应用和研究提供参考。