Q值引导与标准化LASIK术后视觉质量的远期对照研究

目的通过观察对比Q值引导和标准LASIK术后角膜Q值、视力和自觉症状的差异,来探讨Q值引导LASIK对维持角膜非球面状态及改善视觉质量的有效性。方法选择2008年12月至2013年12月在我院做Q值引导准分子激光手术(Q-LASIK)和标准准分子激光手术(S-LASIK)的近视患者各40例(40只眼),于术后1、3、6、12、24、36个月复查裸眼视力、角膜Q值、夜间眩光、夜视力满意度。结果术后1、3、6、12、24、36个月时,两组裸眼视力无显著差异(P>0.05);夜视力满意度随时间递增,视觉质量主诉评分随时间延长逐渐减少,术后1、3、6个月时,夜视力满意度两组组间比较差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);术后1、3、6个月时,视觉主诉评分两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),12个月之后,夜视力满意度和视觉主诉评分两组间比较差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);两组在术后6个月内Q值变化明显,有显著差异,两组的Q值均向负值方向变化。6个月之后,两组角膜Q值均基本稳定。结论 Q-LASIK组较S-LASIK组能更好地提高术后视觉质量和维持角膜的非球面特性,效果稳定。     

鼻内镜下双侧翼管口、筛前神经丛集区射频热凝术的临床应用

目的探讨手术治疗变应性或血管运动性鼻炎的简便方法并评价疗效。方法对65例病人在鼻内镜下对双侧鼻腔翼管及筛前神经丛集区行射频热凝,降低神经兴奋性和敏感性,术后1个月、6个月、1年后进行随诊,根据症状改善情况评价疗效。结果手术能有效消除或缓解病人症状,3个月内、6个月、1年后显效率分别为84.6%,83.0%,61.8%。结论该手术方法视野清楚,方法简便,安全有较,可作为变应性或血管运动性鼻炎的治疗方法之一。     

腔内微波和射频消融闭合大隐静脉主干的疗效及安全性对比分析

目的 探讨血管腔内微波消融（EMA）与射频消融（RFA）闭合大隐静脉主干的疗效和安全性差异。方法 收集2019年1—6月浙江省人民医院收治的316例大隐静脉功能不全患者的临床资料,并按照性别、年龄、病程、体重指数、身高、基础临床表现-病因-解剖-病理生理（CEAP）分级、大隐静脉主干直径的不同将患者筛选并分层配对为EMA组（n=157）和RFA组（n=159）。采用视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评价两组患者术后14 d的大隐静脉主干闭合段疼痛情况和皮肤瘀伤情况;术后第14天、6个月,所有患者均通过超声复查治疗段大隐静脉主干闭合情况。比较两组患者的术后并发症发生情况。结果 RFA组患者的术后VAS最高评分出现在术后第1天,EMA组患者的术后VAS最高评分出现在术后第3天。术后第1～10天,两组患者的VAS评分存在差异;与EMA组患者相比,RFA组患者的术后VAS评分更低。两组患者的皮肤瘀伤最高评分均出现在术后第4天;与EMA组患者相比,RFA组患者的皮肤瘀伤评分较低;术后第5～9天,两组患者的皮肤瘀伤评分差异较大。两组患者术后第14天、6个月的治疗段大隐静脉主干闭合率、术后并发症发生情况比较,...     

QT延长与高血压合并心房颤动导管射频消融术后复发的相关性分析

目的 探讨高血压合并阵发性心房颤动患者的QTc是否与心房颤动导管射频消融术后复发相关.方法 回顾性分析201 1年1月至2012年12月在北京安贞医院第1次行导管射频消融术的高血压合并阵发性心房颤动心功能正常患者242例,将纳入患者按疾病复发情况分为复发组（98例）和未复发组（144例）,收集术前心电图和其他临床资料,术后定期随访.结果 随访（17±9）个月,98例患者（40.0％）心房颤动导管消融术后复发.与未复发组相比,复发组QTc明显延长[（429±26） ms比（419 ±23） ms]（P=0.004）.复发组的左心房前后径较未复发组明显增大[（41±6）mm比（38±5）mm]（P=0.003）.QTc与心率存在明显的相关性（r=0.162,P=0.011）.长QTc组（n=53）的导管消融术后心房颤动复发率明显较正常QTc组（n=165）和短QTC组（n=24）高（P =0.001、P=0.069）;左心房直径＜38.3 mm组与左心房直径≥38.3 mm组消融术后心房颤动复发率比较,左心房增大与导管消融术后复发相关（P=0.017）.多因素Cox回归分析表明QTc和左心房前后径是心房颤动复发的独立危险因素（QTc：风险比=2.361,95％置信区间：1.353 ～4.121,P=0.003;左心房前后径：风险比=1.795,95％置信区间：1.041 ～3.094,P=0.035）.长QT患者心房颤动复发的风险比为2.361（95％置信区间：1.353 ～4.121,P=0.003）.与左心房前后径单独预测术后复发相比,左心房前后径和QTc联合能更好地预测心房颤动导管消融术后复发.结论 QT延长是高血压合并心房颤动导管消融复发的独立危险因素.     

B超引导下射频热凝固微创治疗子宫肌瘤和子宫腺肌瘤

目的探讨射频热凝固微创治疗子宫肌瘤、腺肌瘤的疗效和临床特点。方法应用热凝固器,将射频定点介入到子宫腺肌瘤病灶内,使病变组织热凝固坏死吸收。治疗直径小于5.0cm的子宫肌瘤150例,腺肌瘤70例。结果经妇科检查和B超诊断,本组子宫腺肌瘤平均直径3.6cm。3个月后病灶直径不同程度的缩小,痛经明显减轻或消失,随访18个月,子宫肌瘤总有效率为94%,子宫腺肌瘤为88.6%。结论B超介入射频热凝固器微创治疗子宫肌瘤和腺肌瘤等子宫良性疾病是一种十分有效的微创治疗方法。该方法避免了切除子宫带来的痛苦,对月经无明显不良影响。与其它非手术方法比较具有治疗时间短、见效快、疗效高、住院时间短和费用低等特点,值得进一步推广。     

薄层CT扫描定位选择性射频热凝术治疗原发性三叉神经痛

目的：探讨薄层CT扫描定位选择性三叉神经半月节射频热凝术治疗原发性三又神经痛的临床价值。方法：选择290例原发性三叉神经痛,Hartel前入路穿刺法,局麻下经皮穿刺卵圆孔薄层CT扫描定位三叉神经半月节,经电生理验证后结合患者病变三叉神经分支的电阻、患者病史年限和患者对疼痛及术后感觉减退症状的耐受程度选择个性化的毁损参数对靶点进行选择性温控射频热凝毁损治疗。结果：疗效优良241例（83．10％）,良好38例（13．10％）,无效11例（3．80％）,总有效率为96．20％。290例随访3个月～5年,平均3年。30例（10．5％）复发。结论：薄层CT扫描定位选择性三又神经半月节射频热凝术治疗原发性三又神经痛安全简便,疗效可靠,并发症少。尤其适用于高龄、不能耐受开颅手术及不愿意接受开颅手术的患者。     

Hospital recovery following Thermachoice ablation is not dependent on setting (outpatient or daycase) or rescue analgesia: unexpected result

BACKGROUND: Thermal balloon endometrial ablation (TBEA) is increasingly being performed in the outpatient setting under local anaesthesia (LA) rather than in a daycase setting under general anaesthesia (GA). Our aim was to compare the post operative rescue analgesia requirements and duration of hospital stay in women undergoing outpatient (LA) and daycase (GA) TBEA. METHODS: Prospective observational study of consecutively recruited women who underwent outpatient (LA) TBEA (n=51) and daycase (GA) TBEA (n=50) over the same time period. Analgesia that was provided additional to the standard administered analgesic regimen was considered rescue analgesia. The main outcome measures were requirement for rescue analgesia and duration of hospital stay in both cohorts. RESULT(S): LA compared to GA cohorts had shorter hospital stays (11h [95% CI 9-13] vs. 17h [95% CI 14-20]) and lower analgesia requirements. However, multivariate regression, correcting for all known confounders, showed that duration of stay was independent of setting for ablation or amount of rescue analgesia. CONCLUSION(S): Duration of hospital stay is not entirely dependent on whether outpatient or daycase endometrial ablation is considered. This unexpected preliminary finding deserves to be validated in future confirmatory trials that compare outpatient and daycase treatments. We also discuss the confounding factors that should be considered when designing such trials.     

Cervical ectopic pregnancy after endometrial ablation: a case report

Case report A 44-year-old woman, with prior endometrial ablation, complaining of heavy vaginal bleeding was diagnosed with cervical ectopic pregnancy. Two doses of intramuscular methotrexate were administered as conservative treatment of the cervical pregnancy. Close follow-up in a dedicated early pregnancy unit allowed successful management on an outpatient basis. Conclusion The urine pregnancy test maintains a crucial role in the investigation of abnormal vaginal bleeding in a sexually active patient. Conservative management of a cervical pregnancy can reduce the potential morbidity and mortality associated with the surgical treatment option.     

Randomised comparative trial of thermal balloon ablation and levonorgestrel intrauterine system in patients with idiopathic menorrhagia

AIMS: To compare the effectiveness of thermal balloon ablation (TBA) and levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) in the management of idiopathic menorrhagia and changes in pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC) scores in patients who had failed on oral medical treatment. METHODS: Phase III, single-centre, open randomised controlled trial. Following full screening and evaluation of 104 women, 33 were randomised to TBA and 33 to LNG-IUS. Primary outcomes were changes in PBAC scores from baseline to 12 months. Secondary outcomes were changes in haemoglobin and serum ferritin, at six months, continuation with treatment and hysterectomy rates at two years and changes in PBAC scores at three, six and nine months. RESULTS: All patients randomised had a PBAC score of > or = 120. At all assessment times, median PBAC scores were less than baseline, the greatest reductions being seen at 12 months for both treatments. When the median PBAC for the LNG-IUS (26 (0-68)) was significantly different to the median PBAC for the TBA cohort (62 (0-142)) P < 0.001. Irregular bleeding problems were the most common reason for discontinuation of the LNG-IUS and resulted in more women (39.8%) seeking other treatment by two years than the TBA (23.1%) (P < 0.05) and more undergoing a hysterectomy (20.7% vs 13.3%, respectively) (p > 0.05). Patient acceptability of the LNG-IUS and TBA was similar at 12 and 24 months in terms of their perceived satisfaction of effect on menorrhagia. CONCLUSIONS: Both TBA and LNG-IUS achieved significant decreases in PBAC scores, with those for the LNG-IUS being significantly greater at 12 months. However, prolonged days of bleeding resulted in fewer women continuing with the LNG-IUS at two years.     

3.0 T磁共振弥散加权成像评价肝细胞癌TACE联合射频消融治疗的临床疗效

目的 探讨肝细胞癌(HCC)经导管动脉内化疗栓塞(TACE)联合射频消融治疗后3.0T MR弥散加权成像表观弥散系数(ADC)值特征,评价3.0T MRI及ADC值在肝细胞癌TACE联合射频消融治疗后监测肿瘤变化的价值.方法 收集2008年1月至2009年10月广东省人民医院28例肝细胞癌患者.所有患者均为先行TACE治疗,TACE治疗后对局部肿瘤复发或残留者行射频消融治疗,射频消融后1～4个月行MRI常规及弥散加权成像(DWI)检查.b值选择600 s/mm2.分析TACE联合射频消融治疗后病灶不同区域ADC值特征.评价增强扫描序列、DWI评价TACE联合射频消融治疗后病灶的差别.结果 28例肝细胞癌经TACE联合射频消融治疗后病灶中,局部肿瘤残留或复发14例.b值为600 s/mm2时含碘油坏死组织、不含碘油坏死组织、活性肿瘤组织、正常肝组织ADC值分别为(1.905±0.487)、(0.726±0.116)、(1.449±0.054)、(1. 777±0.094)×10-mm2/s.含碘油坏死组织与正常组织间ADC值差异有统计学意义(P=0.115),含碘油坏死组织、不含碘油坏死组织、活性肿瘤组织间ADC值两比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).TACE联合射频消融治疗后活性肿瘤组织病灶位于TACE、消融灶周边,呈结节状突向TACE、消融灶内.不含碘油坏死组织位于含碘油坏死组织周围,增强扫描各期均无强化.增强扫描序列、DWI判断TACE联合射频消融治疗 后活性残留或复发肿瘤敏感性、特异性差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 3.0T MR弥散加权成像ADC值可用于鉴别肝细胞癌TACE联合射频消融治疗后坏死组织与复发或残留肿瘤组织.