体内γ刀、体外高频热疗、化疗联合治疗晚期肺癌36例疗效观察

目的 观察CT引导下组织间植入125I粒子联合体外高频热疗及化疗对晚期肺癌的疗效.方法 患者入院后先行肺穿刺活检或经支气管镜活检以明确肿瘤病理类型,经TPS计划系统计划后行体内γ刀治疗.3 d后行化疗(EP方案或顺铂 紫衫醇方案,每4周1次)及体外高频热疗(每周2次,共4周).所有患者术后第1、2、3、6、9、12个月内分别行胸部CT检查随访.根据肿瘤变化将疗效分为4级.Ⅰ级,明显缓解(肿瘤缩小50%以上).Ⅱ级,缓解(肿瘤缩小25%～50%).Ⅲ级,轻度缓解(肿瘤缩小1%～25%).Ⅳ级,无效(肿瘤无变化或增大,临床症状亦无缓解).V级,复发或转移.结果 术后第1、2、3、6、9、12个月明显缓解,分别占38.9%、66.7%、77.8%、83.3%、83.3%和77.8%.结论 体内γ刀、体外高频热疗、化疗联合治疗晚期肺癌是一种安全、可靠、疗效显著的治疗方法.     

高温复合脂多糖应激大鼠血清天门冬酸氨基转移酶的变化

目的:探讨高温与脂多糖(LPS)复合应激大鼠血清天门冬酸氨基转移酶(AST)含量的变化特点.方法:雄性SPF级Wistar大鼠64只随机均匀分为常温 生理盐水组(C组),高温 生理盐水组(H组),常温 LPS组(L组),高温 LPS组(HL组).置动物于模拟气候舱,HL和H组暴露环境干球温度(Tdb)为(35.0±0.5)℃,L和C组Tdb为(26±0.5)℃;HL和L组动物经尾静脉注射LPS 10 mg/kg,H和C组动物经尾静脉注射9 g/L NaCl 10 mL/kg.持续监测动物平均动脉压(MAP)的动态变化,检测动物应激0,40,80,120 min时血清AST等物质含量的变化.结果:AST在不同温度、时间、药物水平间存在统计学差异(P＜0.01);时间与温度、时间与药物、温度与药物交互作用有统计学意义(P＜0.05),120 min时相点HL组动物血清AST含量高于其余3组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);AST水平与MAP存在负相关关系(r=-0.818,P=0.029).结论:高温与LPS复合应激可促发、扩大全身炎症反应综合征.     

全身热疗对全凭静脉麻醉下阿曲库铵肌松效应的影响

目的 观察全身热疗(whole body hyperthhermia,WBH)对晚期癌症患者全凭静脉麻醉(total intravenous anesthesia,TIVA)中阿曲库铵用量和作用时间的影响.方法 晚期癌症TIVA患者,分非高温组(24例),高温组(26例).监测两组患者的体温、心电图(ECG)、中心静脉...     

Metal nanoparticles as a promising technology in targeted cancer treatment

Traditional anticancer treatments have several limitations, but cancer is still one of the deadliest diseases. As a result, new anticancer drugs are required for the treatment of cancer. The use of metal nanoparticles (NPs) as alternative chemotherapeutic drugs is on the rise in cancer research. Metal NPs have the potential for use in a wide range of applications. Natural or surface-induced anticancer effects can be found in metals. The focus of this review is on the therapeutic potential of metal-based NPs. The potential of various types of metal NPs for tumor targeting will be discussed for cancer treatment. The in vivo application of metal NPs for solid tumors will be reviewed. Risk factors involved in the clinical application of metal NPs will also be summarized.     

Insights into Nanomedicine for Head and Neck Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

Head and neck cancers rank sixth among the most common cancers today, and the survival rate has remained virtually unchanged over the past 25 years, due to late diagnosis and ineffective treatments. They have two main risk factors, tobacco and alcohol, and human papillomavirus infection is a secondary risk factor. These cancers affect areas of the body that are fundamental for the five senses. Therefore, it is necessary to treat them effectively and non-invasively as early as possible, in order to do not compromise vital functions, which is not always possible with conventional treatments (chemotherapy or radiotherapy). In this sense, nanomedicine plays a key role in the treatment and diagnosis of head and neck cancers. Nanomedicine involves using nanocarriers to deliver drugs to sites of action and reducing the necessary doses and possible side effects. The main purpose of this review is to give an overview of the applications of nanocarrier systems to the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck cancer. Herein, several types of delivery strategies, radiation enhancement, inside-out hyperthermia, and theragnostic approaches are addressed.     

Nursing a canine with presumptive tremorgenic mycotoxicosis following ingestion of mouldy dog food – a case report

A one-year-old neutered female Labrador Retriever presented with twitches and subsequent generalised tonic–clonic seizure activity following ingestion of mouldy dog food. Further complicating factors were hyperthermia and metabolic acidosis. Initial emergency treatment involved seizure management, blood analysis, intravenous fluid therapy, active cooling and decontamination via gastric lavage, administration of activated charcoal and an intralipid infusion. The patient was maintained under general anaesthesia to manage the seizure activity. Post-anaesthetic management included treatment of aspiration pneumonia, physiotherapy, intravenous fluid therapy and management of an indwelling urinary catheter. The patient was discharged 48 h post-admission without further complication.     

Complementary and alternative medicine for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome

To discuss challenges concerning treatment for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) and review complementary and alternative medical (CAM) therapies being evaluated for this condition, we performed a comprehensive search of articles published from 1990-2005 using the PubMed, Medline databases. Data from the articles were abstracted and pooled by subject. Keywords cross-searched with CP/CPPS included: complementary, alternative, integrative, therapies, interventions, nutrition, antioxidants, herbs, supplements, biofeedback and acupuncture. Listed articles with no abstracts were not included. Various CAM therapies for CP/CPPS exist including biofeedback, acupuncture, hyperthermia and electrostimulation. Additionally, a variety of in vitro and in vivo studies testing herbal and nutritional supplements were found. Saw palmetto, cernilton and quercetin were the most frequently tested supplements for CP/CPPS. Although many CAM therapies demonstrate positive preliminary observations as prospective treatments for CP/CPPS, further exploratory studies including more randomized, controlled trials are necessary for significant validation as treatment options for this complex disorder.     

亚高温热疗联合多西紫杉醇对人乳腺癌细胞增殖的影响

目的 观察亚高温热疗联合多西紫杉醇化疗是否具有协同抗肿瘤效应,并探讨其作用机制.方法 首先采用MTT法观察多西紫杉醇对人乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7细胞增殖的影响,并筛选出有效浓度.将体外培养的MCF-7细胞分为空白对照组、多西紫杉醇组及热疗+多西紫杉醇组,热疗+多西紫杉醇组又根据热疗温度(包括39.0℃、39.5℃、40.0℃、40.5℃、41.0℃)不同细分为5个亚组.各组MCF-7细胞分别经相应干预后,利用流式细胞仪检测上述各组细胞凋亡情况及对细胞生长周期的影响.采用Western blotting技术检测各组细胞丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)蛋白、凋亡基因Bcl-2、Bax蛋白、热休克蛋白70(HSP-70)及多药耐药基因(MDR)产物P糖蛋白(P-gp)表达情况.结果 热疗联合多西紫杉醇干预可促进MCF-7细胞凋亡增加,如41.0℃热疗+多西紫杉醇组凋亡率[(37.12±6.73)％]显著高于多西紫杉醇组凋亡率[(19.16±3.42)％];热疗联合多西紫杉醇干预可诱导MCF-7细胞生长周期停滞在G2/M期,如41.0℃热疗+多西紫杉醇组G2/M期细胞比例[(38.18±4.72)％]显著高于多西紫杉醇组[(26.63±4.08)％].热疗+多西紫杉醇组MAPK通路蛋白表达较多西紫杉醇组显著增强,Bcl-2蛋白表达则明显降低,而Bax蛋白表达有轻微升高.热疗+多西紫杉醇组细胞热休克蛋白70(HSP-70)、P-gp蛋白表达均较多西紫杉醇组明显增强.结论 亚高温热疗联合多西紫杉醇干预能抑制人乳腺癌细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,具有协同抗肿瘤效应,其治疗机制可能与激活细胞外调节蛋白激酶(ERK)、c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK)、p38蛋白有关,另外亚高温热疗联合多西紫杉醇干预能增强MCF-7细胞HSP-70及P-gp蛋白表达,这可能会导致肿瘤细胞化疗耐药性产生.     

Repeated social defeat stress induces chronic hyperthermia in rats

Psychological stressors are known to increase core body temperature (T_c) in laboratory animals. Such single stress-induced hyperthermic responses are typically monophasic, as T_c returns to baseline within several hours. However, studies on the effects of repeated psychological stress on T_c are limited. Therefore, we measured T_c changes in male Wistar rats after they were subjected to 4 social defeat periods (each period consisting of 7 daily 1 h stress exposures during the light cycle followed by a stress-free day). We also assessed affective-like behavioral changes by elevated plus maze and forced swim tests.In the stressed rats, the first social defeat experience induced a robust increase in T_c (+ 1.3 °C). However, the T_c of these rats was not different from control animals during the subsequent dark period. In comparison, after 4 periods of social defeat, stressed rats showed a small but significantly higher (+ 0.2-0.3 °C) T_c versus control rats during both light and dark periods. Stressed rats did not show increased anxiety-like behavior versus control rats as assessed by the elevated plus maze test. However, in the forced swim test, the immobility time of stressed rats was significantly longer versus control rats, suggesting an increase in depression-like behavior. Furthermore, hyperthermia and depression-like behavior were still observed 8 days after cessation of the final social defeat session. These results suggest that repeated social defeat stress induces a chronic hyperthermia in rats that is associated with behavior resembling depression but not anxiety.     

Growth hormone and prolactin responses during partial and whole body warm‐water immersions

Aim: To elucidate the role of core and skin thermoreceptors in the release of growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL), a sequence of two experiments using whole‐body (head‐out) and partial (one forearm) hot water immersions was performed. Methods: Experiment 1: Nine healthy men were exposed to head‐out and partial water immersions (25 min, 38–39 °C). Results: Head‐out immersion increased the core temperature (38.0 ± 0.1 vs. 36.7 ± 0.1 °C, P < 0.001) and plasma concentration of the hormones (GH, 16.1 ± 4.5 vs. 1.2 ± 0.4 ng mL^?1, P < 0.01; PRL, 9.1 ± 1.0 vs. 6.4 ± 0.4 ng mL^?1, P < 0.05). During the partial immersion the core temperature was slightly elevated (36.8 ± 0.1 vs. 36.6 ± 0.1, P < 0.001), the concentration of GH increased (4.8 ± 1.7 vs. 0.6 ± 0.3, P < 0.05), while plasma PRL decreased (7.6 ± 0.8, 6.0 ± 0.6, 5.2 ± 0.6, P < 0.01). Experiment 2: Seven volunteers immersed one forearm once in 39 °C and once in 38 °C water. The measurements were performed in 5‐min intervals. The GH concentration increased gradually from the beginning of the immersions (min 10; 39 °C: 1.9 ± 1.0 vs. 0.6 ± 0.3 ng mL^?1, P < 0.01; 38 °C: 0.19 ± 0.03 vs. 0.14 ± 0.03, P < 0.05) and peaked after their completion (39 °C: +10 min, 3.7 ± 2.0, P < 0.001; 38 °C: +15 min, 0.86 ± 0.61, P < 0.01). The core temperature was unchanged until min 15 of the 39 °C bath. Thereafter, it increased about 0.15 °C above the baseline (P < 0.01). Immersion in 38 °C water did not induce core temperature changes. Conclusions: Peripheral thermoreceptors are involved in GH release when the body is exposed to elevated environmental temperature while a substantial elevation of core temperature is a precondition of PRL release.