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71.
目的 探讨胃癌根治术术后肺部并发症(PPCs)的相关危险因素,为PPCs的个体化防治提供相应的对策。 方法 回顾性分析2019年1月至2021年3月兰州大学第二医院普通外科443例胃癌患者的临床资料,统计患者的临床病理特征,采用二分类Logistic回归分析胃癌根治术PPCs的危险因素。 结果 443例胃癌根治术PPCs的发生率为18.1%(80/443),其中肺部感染的发生率为12.4%(55/443),胸腔积液的发生率为11.7%(52/443),发生PPCs较未发生PPCs住院时间延长。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥60岁(OR=0.424、95%CI: 0.241~0.746)、糖尿病史(OR=0.318、95%CI: 0.146~0.693)、每分钟最大通气量(MVV)(%)<85%(OR=0.509、95%CI: 0.297~0.874)、术中失血量≥200 mL(OR=0.496、95%CI: 0.276~0.797)和术后吻合口并发症(OR=4.038、95%CI: 1.250~13.049)是胃癌根治术发生PPCs的独立危险因素。 结论 对于年龄≥60岁、糖尿病史、MVV(%)<85%、术中失血量≥200 mL、术后吻合口并发症的胃癌患者,应注意预防PPCs的发生。 相似文献
72.
Kevin R. Dye Barry J. Marshall Henry F. Frierson Jr Richard L. Guerrant Richard W. McCallum 《Digestive diseases and sciences》1989,34(11):1787-1791
Summary
Campylobacter pylori may not be the only organism that causes active chronic gastritis in man. We report two cases of gastric infection with a spiral organism distinct fromC. pylori. The first patient is a 36-year-old female who presented with epigastric pain and abdominal colic present since childhood and who had 14 cats. Endoscopy was normal. The second patient kept two dogs. Histology of gastric mucosal biopsy specimens in both patients revealed active chronic gastritis, most severe in body mucosa. Giemsa stain revealed bacteria with four to eight spirals, 0.5 m in diameter and 3–7 m in length. The organisms had multiple sheathed flagella at the pole and smooth cell walls without axial filaments. The organisms resembled the gastric spirillum that has been seen in cats, dogs, and nonhuman primates. After antibacterial therapy with bismuth subsalicylate, amoxicillin, and metronidazole, the organisms disappeared in both patients and the gastritis healed.UnlikeC. pylori, this new spirillum prefers to colonize gastric mucosa containing parietal cells. Whereas this type of organism is a common commensal in other mammals, it appears to be associated with and a possible cause of gastritis in humans. 相似文献
73.
74.
目的:建立保留交感神经的高选择性迷走神经切断术(HSV-AP)的动物实验模型。方法:60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为三组:HSV-AP组、HSV组和正常对照组(C组),每组20只。结果:HSV-AP术后胃壁泌酸区交感神经分布密度与C组比较,下降不显著,去甲肾上腺素含量与C组无差别(745.0±408.9VS899.6±235.1,P>0.05)。而HSV术后胃部泌酸区交感神经分布密度显著下降,去甲肾上腺素含量低于HSV-AP术后(293.0±214.8VS745.8±408.9,P<0.01)。HSV-AP术后胃体部迷走神经追踪脑干内未见标记细胞,而胃窦部迷走神经追踪脑干内可见标记细胞。结论:本试验证实采用保留胃小弯血管的HSV—HSV-AP术式,既可完整切断支配胃部泌酸区的迷走神经,又可保留交感神经。 相似文献
75.
李和泉 《中国病理生理杂志》1986,(2)
用反射光谱法,研究了组胺H_2受体阻断剂Famotidine对急性失血大鼠胃粘膜血液量及血氧饱和度的影响。同时观察了胃液量和酸排出量的变化,并计量了溃疡指数。Famotidine(3mg/kg及8mg/kg,iv)对失血前大鼠胃粘膜血液量和血氧饱和度均未见有影响;对失血后胃粘膜血液量和血氧饱和度的降低有明显保护作用,对胃液量和酸排出量均有显著抑制作用,溃疡指数减小。 相似文献
76.
Christoph Olbricht June Mason Toshikazu Takabatake Gero Hohlbrugger Klaus Thurau Sigrid Pätz 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》1977,372(3):251-258
Summary Experiments were designed to determine whether leakage of substances across the tubular epithelium, which are impermeant in the normal kidney, falsifies the measurement of glomerular filtration rate in acute renal failure. Permeability to those substances most commonly used for filtration rate determination, polyfructosan, inulin and ferrocyanide, was estimated by measuring their recoveries following perfusion through various nephron segments in haeme pigment, ischaemic and nephrotoxic models of actue renal failure. Late proximal recovery of14C ferrocyanide was only marginally decreased compared to controls, by a maximum of 6%. Distal recovery of polyfructosan,14C and3H inulin were depressed somewhat more, by a maximum of 11%. Urinary recovery of14C inulin was reduced by only 15% in kidneys showing severely restricted renal function. It is concluded that tubular leakage is not a feature of significance in the early phase of moderate acute renal failure, that ferrocyanide and inulin are reliable markers for the determination of nephron filtration rate and water reabsorption, and that the reduction in whole kidney inulin or polyfructosan clearance reflects primarily a reduction in glomerular filtration rate. 相似文献
77.
Giorgio Torelli Eloisa Milla Leonard I. Kleinman Alide Faelli 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》1973,342(3):219-230
Summary The relationship between sodium reabsorption and oxygen consumption was studied in an isolated rabbit kidney preparation perfused with blood at 37, 28 and 19° C. When the temperature was lowered from 37° C to 28° C and to 19°C the rate of oxygen consumption and of the maximal P.A.H. excretion (Tm P.A.H.) decreased more than that of sodium reabsorption.TheQ
10 for sodium reabsorption is about 1.8, while that for maximal P.A.H. excretion is 2.5. Some hypothesis on the possible mechanisms of the lowQ
10 of the Na+ reabsorption are forwarded.Preliminary reports have been published [Boll. Soc. Ital. Biol. Sper.43, 1019–1023 (1966) and44, 1784–1787 (1967);45, 860–862 (1969) and45, 863–865 (1969)]. 相似文献
78.
G. Holstege L. Meiners K. Tan 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》1985,58(2):379-391
Summary Injections of HRP in the nucleus raphe magnus and adjoining medial reticular formation in the cat resulted in many labeled neurons in the lateral part of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) but not in the medial part of this nucleus. HRP injections in the nucleus raphe pallidus and in the C2 segment of the spinal cord did not result in labeled neurons in the BNST. Injections of 3H-leucine in the BNST resulted in many labeled fibers in the brain stem. Labeled fiber bundles descended by way of the medial forebrain bundle and the central tegmental field to the lateral tegmental field of pons and medulla. Dense BNST projections could be observed to the substantia nigra pars compacta, the ventral tegmental area, the nucleus of the posterior commissure, the PAG (except its dorsolateral part), the cuneiform nucleus, the nucleus raphe dorsalis, the locus coeruleus, the nucleus subcoeruleus, the medial and lateral parabrachial nuclei, the lateral tegmental field of caudal pons and medulla and the nucleus raphe magnus and adjoining medial reticular formation. Furthermore many labeled fibers were present in the solitary nucleus, and in especially the peripheral parts of the dorsal vagal nucleus. Finally some fibers could be traced in the marginal layer of the rostral part of the caudal spinal trigeminal nucleus. These projections appear to be virtually identical to the ones derived from the medial part of the central nucleus of the amygdala (Hopkins and Holstege 1978). The possibility that the BNST and the medial and central amygdaloid nuclei must be considered as one anatomical entity is discussed.Abbreviations AA
anterior amygdaloid nucleus
- AC
anterior commissure
- ACN
nucleus of the anterior commissure
- ACO
cortical amygdaloid nucleus
- AL
lateral amygdaloid nucleus
- AM
medial amygdaloid nucleus
- APN
anterior paraventricular thalamic nucleus
- AQ
cerebral aqueduct
- BC
brachium conjunctivum
- BIC
brachium of the inferior colliculus
- BL
basolateral amygdaloid nucleus
- BNSTL
lateral part of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis
- BNSTM
medial part of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis
- BP
brachium pontis
- CA
central nucleus of the amygdala
- Cd
caudate nucleus
- CI
inferior colliculus
- CL
claustrum
- CN
cochlear nucleus
- CP
posterior commissure
- CR
corpus restiforme
- CSN
superior central nucleus
- CTF
central tegmental field
- CU
cuneate nucleus
- D
nucleus of Darkschewitsch
- EC
external cuneate nucleus
- F
fornix
- G
gracile nucleus
- GP
globus pallidus
- HL
lateral habenular nucleus
- IC
interstitial nucleus of Cajal
- ICA
internal capsule
- IO
inferior olive
- IP
interpeduncular nucleus
- LC
locus coeruleus
- LGN
lateral geniculate nucleus
- LP
lateral posterior complex
- LRN
lateral reticular nucleus
- MGN
medial geniculate nucleus
- MLF
medial longitudinal fascicle
- NAdg
dorsal group of nucleus ambiguus
- NPC
nucleus of the posterior commissure
- nV
trigeminal nerve
- nVII
facial nerve
- OC
optic chiasm
- OR
optic radiation
- OT
optic tract
- P
pyramidal tract
- PAG
periaqueductal grey
- PC
cerebral peduncle
- PO
posterior complex of the thalamus
- POA
preoptic area
- prV
principal trigeminal nucleus
- PTA
pretectal area
- Pu
putamen
- PUL
pulvinar nucleus
- R
red nucleus
- RF
reticular formation
- RM
nucleus raphe magnus
- RP
nucleus raphe pallidus
- RST
rubrospinal tract
- S
solitary nucleus
- SC
suprachiasmatic nucleus
- SCN
nucleus subcoeruleus
- SI
substantia innominata
- SM
stria medullaris
- SN
substantia nigra
- SO
superior olive
- SOL
solitary nucleus
- SON
supraoptic nucleus
- spV
spinal trigeminal nucleus
- spVcd
spinal trigeminal nucleus pars caudalis
- ST
stria terminalis
- TRF
retroflex tract
- VC
vestibular complex
- VTA
ventral tegmental area of Tsai
- III
oculomotor nucleus
- Vm
motor trigeminal nucleus
- VI
abducens nucleus
- VII
facial nucleus
- Xd
dorsal vagal nucleus
- XII
hypoglossal nucleus 相似文献
79.
229 stomachs resected for duodenal and gastric ulcer and carcinoma were examined with special regard to the morphological and histochemical pattern of intestinal metaplasia (IM). The results of qualitative and semiquantitative studies were analysed statistically. Whereas duodenal and gastric ulcer cases are best discriminated by the presence or absence of IM, the strongest discriminating factor between carcinoma and gastric ulcer is the content of goblet cells in metaplastic crypts. Metaplastic crypts lined exclusively with goblet cells producing sulfated acid glycoproteins could be identified in more than one third of the cancer cases. The increase in goblet cells coincides with a loss of the more differentiated cells in the metaplastic glands, such as enterocytes, APUD cells, or Paneth cells. This "enterocoli metaplasia" seems to be specific for cancer bearing mucosa and occurs more often in cancer of intestinal type; it may represent a form of a derepressive dedifferentiation. The significance of enterocoli metaplasia as a premalignant lesion remains to be elucidated. 相似文献
80.
K. Joh S. Aizawa K. Ohkawa T. Morioka T. Oite F. Shimizu S. Batsford A. Vogt 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》1994,424(6):587-591
We developed an experimental protocol for planting exogenous antigens with different molecular weights and charges on the constituents of the renal tubulointerstitium. The cationized antigens were injected selectively into the left renal arteries of Wistar rats. Antigen localization was documented by immunohistochemistry on frozen sections. Cationized bovine serum albumin (BSA; 68 kDa, isoelectric point =9.5) localized almost exclusively along the glomerular capillary wall. After application of highly cationic polyethyleneimine, cationized BSA given subsequently was found in a linear distribution along the glomerular capillary wall and along the peritubular capillaries. The fate of highly cationized ovalbumin conjugated with trinitrophenol (TNP-OA), subjected to gel filtration to obtain monomers (42 kDa, isoelectric point >10) differed; it was deposited in a linear pattern on the tubular basement membrane (TBM) and Bowman's capsule, and remained up to 36 h after injection. Noncationized, monomeric TNP-OA (42 kDa, isolectnic point =4.6) showed fine granular deposition in the tubular epithelium exclusively. These findings indicate that the barrier of the glomerular BM acts selectively on antigens with different molecular weights. They either settle on the peritubular capillaries, after passing the glomerular, or reach the urinary space, after which they are reabsorbed by the tubular epithelial cells to reach the TBM. 相似文献