上海市住院医师规范化培训与临床医学专业学位硕士研究生培养并轨方案的初步研究

《上海市住院医师规范化培训实施办法》规定,从2010年起在全市范围内实施住院医师规范化培训制度,其中,住院医师规范化培训与临床医学专业学位硕士研究生培养并轨是该项工作的亮点和难点.本文从入学方式、培养过程和学位授予三个方面探讨了并轨的可行方案.     

胸外科研究生胸腔镜手术的培养与训练

胸腔镜作为微创手术使用的主要器械之一,已经广泛应用于胸外科领域。培养高层次胸外科医师的重要方法是胸外科研究生教育,研究生阶段的能力培养对胸外科医师整体水平的提高具有重要意义。胸外科研究生教育中,培养胸腔镜手术意识及培训基本技能不但可以提高对胸外科的认识及临床操作水平,有助于提高他们该领域的认识水平及临床基本技能,而且有助于发散科研思维。     

口腔临床医学专业研究生课程进修班的现状分析及对策

通过广州某医科大学口腔临床医学专业研究生课程进修班2002-2008年招生、毕业人数及取得学位人数进行调查,并对此进行分析,以了解广东口腔卫生系统在职人员参加口腔临床医学专业研究生课程进修班学习的需求和现状,评价口腔临床医学专业研究生课程进修班的现状,同时为日后医科院校举办口腔临床医学专业研究生课程进修班提供数据依据.     

研究生培养模式的改革及启示

研究生培养模式的选择是保证研究生培养质量的重要环节。本文对研究生不同培养模式进行比较,对研究生培养模式多元化的原因进行分析,提出了加强研究生培养模式多元化的措施,为完善培养模式提供参考。     

研究生临床心电学教学考核方法探索

如何提高医学研究生教学质量是目前急需解决的问题。在改进教学方法的基础上,相关教学部门从2005年开始探索临床研究生出科考核方法,包括掌握知识面和解决实际问题能力考核;探索创新、自学能力考核;考核评分方法。经3年多时间在临床研究生“临床心电学”教学中应用,收到满意效果。     

Postgraduate specialties interest,career choices and qualifications earned by male dentists graduated from King Saud University

Objectives: To study the career development of male graduates of King Saud University (KSU), College of Dentistry in terms of pursuit of postgraduate dental education, higher degrees or Board Certification, choice of universities and countries of study, and place of work after qualification.Methods: A questionnaire survey was carried out through face to face or telephone interview among 666 KSU graduates of 1982–2004.Results: 80% (532 graduates) response rate. (77%) finished postgraduate dental education. 17% specialized in Prosthodontics, 16% in Saudi Board Advanced Restorative Dentistry, 14% in Advanced General Dentistry, 10.5% in Orthodontics, 10% in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 8.3% in Pediatric Dentistry, 7.7% in Endodontics, 6% in Periodontics, 5.5% in Operative Dentistry, 5% in other Specialties. 61% had a Master’s degree and 16% had a Doctorate degree. 23% had Board Certificates and 8% had a Fellowship Certificate. (78%) are working in the government, 15% at the university and 6% in private, and 19% in administrative positions.Conclusion: Most of the dental graduates were motivated and eager to continue their postgraduate education to get either clinical specialty or academic degrees from nationally and internationally well recognized and known Universities and programs.     

培养鸡胚心室肌细胞内向整流性钾电流及培养时间的影响

用膜片钳技术在细胞贴附式构型下，对原代培养鸡胚心室肌细胞单个通道的内向整流性钾电流（Ｉ＿（ｋ１））的特征及不同培养时间对Ｉ＿（ｋ１）的影响进行了观察。结果显示：在细胞内外Ｋ￣＋浓度相等的条件下（１４０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）。当膜电位负于Ｋ￣＋平衡电位（Ｅ＿ｋ）时，可记录到内向的电流波动。其电流一电压（Ｉ－Ｖ）关系呈线性，斜率电导为３５ｐＳ（培养１～３天）；当膜电位正于Ｅ＿ｋ时，难于记录到外向电流，说明Ｉ＿（ｋ１）呈现强烈的内向整流特性。细胞培养１～３天、４～６天及７～１１天三个时段，Ｉ＿（ｋ１）通道的密度分别为０．６４、０．７６及０．７７ｃｈａｎｎｅｌ／μｍ￣２，其电导分别为３５、２８及３７ｐＳ，说明培养时间对Ｉ＿（Ｋ１）影响不大，这一结果可部分解释动作电位何以不随培养时间而变化。     

研究生人格因素与心理健康水平的相关研究

目的 :探讨研究生人格因素与心理健康水平的关系。 方法 :采用SCL -90临床症状自评量表和卡特尔 16PF人格测验对 2 19名在读研究生进行团体测验 ,并进行相关分析。 结果 :16PF人格测验中的部分因子与SCL -90中的部分因子呈显著相关 ,且有性别上的差异 ;男研究生的躯体化和抑郁因子分低于全国常模 ,精神病性因子分高于全国常模 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,女研究生除躯体因子、人际敏感和偏执外余均明显高于全国常模 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;女研究生的抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖和精神病性因子明显的高于男生 (P <0 .0 5 )。 结论 :研究生的人格结构对其心理健康水平有重要的影响 ,且有性别上的差异。     

The effect on reliability and sensitivity to level of training of combining analytic and holistic rating scales for assessing communication skills in an internal medicine resident OSCE

ObjectiveAlthough previous research has compared checklists to rating scales for assessing communication, the purpose of this study was to compare the effect on reliability and sensitivity to level of training of an analytic, a holistic, and a combined analytic-holistic rating scale in assessing communication skills.MethodsThe University of Alberta Internal Medicine Residency runs OSCEs for postgraduate year (PGY) 1 and 2 residents and another for PGY-4 residents. Communication stations were scored with an analytic scale (empathy, non-verbal skills, verbal skills, and coherence subscales) and a holistic scale. Authors analyzed reliability of individual and combined scales using generalizability theory and evaluated each scale's sensitivity to level of training.ResultsFor analytic, holistic, and combined scales, 12, 12, and 11 stations respectively yielded a Phi of 0.8 for the PGY-1,2 cohort, and 16, 16, and 14 stations yielded a Phi of 0.8 for the PGY-4 cohort. PGY-4 residents scored higher on the combined scale, the analytic rating scale, and the non-verbal and coherence subscales.ConclusionA combined analytic-holistic rating scale increased score reliability and was sensitive to level of training.Practice implicationsGiven increased validity evidence, OSCE developers should consider combining analytic and holistic scales when assessing communication skills.