纳米氧化锌在食品领域中的应用及安全性研究进展

利用体内Pig⁃a基因突变实验方法,检测纳米氧化锌（ZnO NPs）颗粒对大鼠遗传毒性的作用。

结合28 d经口毒性试验,设14、70、350 mg‧kg^-1 ZnO NPs（纳米尺度分散状态最大浓度）3个剂量组、常规ZnO组（350 mg‧kg^-1 ZnO）、阳性对照组（40 mg‧kg^-1N⁃亚硝基⁃N⁃乙基脲）和溶剂对照组（0 mg‧kg^-1 ZnO NPs）,每组各10只大鼠经口灌胃28 d,记录并观察体重变化。在给药0、15、28 d和恢复观察期28 d取各组大鼠尾静脉血200 μL,用APC mouse anti⁃rat erythroid cells及FITC mouse anti⁃rat CD59抗体进行标记后,使用流式细胞仪收集各样本1×10⁶个红细胞信息,计算其中外周血红细胞CD59缺失突变发生率。

与溶剂对照组比较,在灌胃15 d后,350 mg‧kg^-1ZnO NPs组、阳性对照组大鼠外周血红细胞CD59缺失突变发生率均升高,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.01）;在灌胃28 d后,70 mg‧kg^-1 ZnO NPs组、350 mg‧kg^-1 ZnO NPs组和阳性对照组大鼠红细胞CD59缺失突变发生率均升高,且呈时⁃效和量⁃效关系;在停止灌胃28 d后,除阳性对照组外,其余各组大鼠外周血红细胞CD59缺失发生率与溶剂对照组比较差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。

70、350 mg‧kg^-1 ZnO NPs会提高大鼠外周血Pig⁃a基因突变率。

     

Patient informed consent for a clinical trial of gene-edited pig kidney transplantation: A representative consent form

When clinical trials of gene-edited pig organ transplantation are initiated, the consent form that the patient is requested to sign will be an important document. Consent to receive a pig xenograft will have significant differences when compared with the requirements of most experimental clinical procedures. We here suggest a consent form for pig kidney transplantation that addresses the major points that will be required and hope it will provide a basis for discussion and future modification, if necessary. There is purposely some repetition in the document, but we believe this is necessary to ensure that the patient has a clear understanding of what he/she is consenting to.