柴银颗粒治疗流行性感冒（外感风热证）的临床研究

目的 评价柴银颗粒治疗流行性感冒（外感风热证）的有效性及安全性。方法 采用随机、双盲、阳性药对照、多中心设计，于2021年3月—2022年3月在中日友好医院、郯城县第一人民医院、漯河市中医院、临清市人民医院、南宁市第十人民医院、冠县中医院、馆陶县人民医院、聊城市茌平区中医医院共8个临床研究中心选取符合纳入标准的116例流行性感冒（外感风热证）受试者，以2∶1的比例随机分配至试验组与对照组。试验组78例，对照组38例。对照组患者口服磷酸奥司他韦胶囊，每次1粒，每日2次；柴银颗粒模拟剂，开水冲服，每次1袋，每日3次。试验组患者口服柴银颗粒，开水冲服，每次1袋，每日3次；磷酸奥司他韦胶囊模拟剂，每次1粒，每日2次；疗程为5 d。主要疗效指标为流感临床症状缓解时间，次要疗效指标为疾病的痊愈时间/痊愈率、解热起效时间、单项症状疗效、病毒核酸转阴率、并发症/重症/危重症发生率，试验过程中监测药物安全性。结果 试验组和对照组的流感临床症状缓解时间分别为3.133 d和2.939 d，两组差值95%置信区间（95% CI）为（-0.34，0.33），下限大于非劣界值-0.5，表明试验组的流感临床症状缓解时间非劣于对照组。试验组与对照组在疾病痊愈时间、疾病痊愈率、解热起效时间方面均无统计学差异（P>0.05）。试验组在改善流感单项临床症状：身热、咽红肿痛、头痛、咳嗽、汗出、口渴、鼻塞、流涕、恶寒等方面，效果与对照组相当。用药5 d时，试验组和对照组的病毒核酸转阴率分别为76.32%和68.42%；试验过程中无并发症、重症及危重症发生。结论 柴银颗粒在缓解流行性感冒（外感风热证）临床症状方面非劣于磷酸奥司他韦胶囊，在核酸转阴率方面更有优势，产品安全性良好，值得临床推广。     

Five-year clinical evaluation of universal adhesive applied following different bonding techniques: A randomized multicenter clinical trial

ObjectivesTo evaluate the clinical performance of a universal adhesive system (Futurabond U, Voco) when applied following different adhesive strategies in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) after 5 years.MethodsFifty participants were included. Futurabond U (Voco) was applied in NCCLs using four adhesive strategies (n = 50 each): only self-etch (SE); selective enamel etching + self-etch (SET + SE); etch-and-rinse with dry dentin (ERD); and etch-and-rinse with wet dentin (ERW). All cavities were restored with Admira Fusion composite resin (Voco). Restorations were evaluated after 1, 3, and 5 years using the World Federation criteria (FDI) and the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria.ResultsAfter 5 years, retention rates were 81 % (65.8–90.5) for SE, 87 % (73.2–94.4) for SET + SE, 84 % (69.6–92.6) for ERD, and 78 % (63.6–88.9) for ERW (p > 0.05). Thirty-five restorations were considered to have minor discrepancies in marginal adaptation at the 5-year recall (14 for SE, 9 for SET + SE, 6 for ERD, and 6 for ERW; p > 0.05). Sixteen restorations were detected as a minor marginal discoloration (6 for SE, 4 for SET + SE, 1 for ERD, and 5 for ERW; p > 0.05) and one restoration showed a recurrence of caries (1 for ERW; p > 0.05) at the 5-year recall. No restorations showed postoperative sensitivity after 5 years.SignificanceNCCLs restorations using a universal adhesive showed satisfactory clinical performance after 5 years, regardless of the adhesive strategy.     

柴黄颗粒联合奥司他韦治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染的临床研究

目的 探讨柴黄颗粒联合磷酸奥司他韦颗粒治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染的临床疗效.方法 以2018年7月—2020年7月在中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九八八医院进行治疗的154例急性上呼吸道感染患儿为研究对象.根据就诊顺序分为对照组(77例)和治疗组(77例).对照组口服磷酸奥司他韦颗粒,体质量≤15 kg,30 mg/次,2...     

磷酸肌酸钠联合果糖二磷酸钠治疗新生儿窒息后心肌损伤的疗效观察

目的 研究注射用磷酸肌酸钠联合果糖二磷酸钠注射液对新生儿窒息患儿心功能的影响。方法 选择2015年1月—2018年6月宝鸡市人民医院收治的70例新生儿窒息后心肌损伤患儿作为研究对象,采用抽签法将患儿随机分为两组。对照组将果糖二磷酸钠注射液250 mg/（kg·d）溶于30 mL的10%葡萄糖溶液中静脉滴注。观察组在对照组治疗的基础上,将注射用磷酸肌酸钠0.5 g溶于30 mL的10%葡萄糖溶液中静脉滴注。两组均治疗2周。观察两组患者的临床疗效,同时比较两组治疗前后的肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）、肌钙蛋白T（CTnT）、肌酸激酶（CK）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）水平及左室射血分数（LVEF）。结果 治疗后,观察组的总有效率为94.29%,明显高于对照组的71.43%（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组CKMB、CTnT、CK和LDH水平均明显降低（P<0.05）;且观察组血清学指标显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组LVEF均明显升高（P<0.05）,且观察组显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 注射用磷酸肌酸钠联合果糖二磷酸钠注射液可以提高新生儿窒息后心肌损伤的疗效,有效改善心功能,具有临床推广应用价值。     

Phyllanthus emblica (Amla) methanolic extract regulates multiple checkpoints in 15-lipoxygenase mediated inflammopathies: Computational simulation and in vitro evidence

Amla (Phyllanthus emblica) has long been used in traditional folk medicine to prevent and cure a variety of inflammatory diseases. In this study, the antioxidant activity (DPPH scavenging and reducing power), anti-inflammatory activity (RBC Membrane Stabilization and 15-LOX inhibition), and anticoagulation activity (Serin protease inhibition and Prothrombin Time assays) of the methanolic extract of amla were conducted. Amla exhibited a substantial amount of phenolic content (TPC: 663.53 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid content (TFC: 418.89 mg GAE/g). A strong DPPH scavenging effect was observed with an IC₅₀ of 311.31 µg/ml as compared to standard ascorbic acid with an IC₅₀ of 130.53 µg/ml. In reducing power assay, the EC₅₀ value of the extract was found to be 196.20 µg/ml compared to standard ascorbic acid (EC₅₀ = 33.83 µg/ml). The IC₅₀ value of the RBC membrane stabilization and 15-LOX assays was observed as 101.08 µg/ml (IC₅₀ of 58.62 µg/ml for standard aspirin) and 195.98 µg/ml (IC₅₀ of 19.62 µg/ml for standard quercetin), respectively. The extract also strongly inhibited serine protease (trypsin) activity with an IC₅₀ of 505.81 µg/ml (IC₅₀ of 295.44 µg/ml for standard quercetin). The blood coagulation time (PTT) was found to be 11.91 min for amla extract and 24.11 min for standard Warfarin. Thus, the findings of an in vitro study revealed that the methanolic extract of amla contains significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticoagulation activity. Furthermore, in silico docking and simulation of reported phytochemicals of amla with human 15-LOXA and 15-LOXB were carried out to validate the anti-inflammatory activity of amla. In this analysis, epicatechin and catechin showed greater molecular interaction and were considerably stable throughout the 100 ns simulation with 15-lipoxygenase A (15-LOXA) and 15-lipoxygenase B (15-LOXB) respectively.     

Simulated vaginal fluid: Candida resistant strains’ biofilm characterization and vapor phase of essential oil effect

IntroductionVulvovaginal candidiasis is a disease that affects millions of women worldwide. Oral formulations, topical creams or ointments are the conventional dosage forms, with an increase in drug administration through vaginal via. The use of simulated biological fluids (e.g. vaginal fluid) in the evaluation of antifungal therapies may better mimic the real biological environments and therefore provide a better understanding of the behavior of the antifungal.MethodsThe main objective of this work was to compare planktonic growth and biofilm formation of Candida species, on common growth medium, Sabouraud Dextrose Broth (SDB) and on vaginal simulation conditions, Simulated Vaginal Fluid (SVF), through the optical density determination, colony-forming units and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, under the same conditions this study also evaluated the ability of vapor phase of oregano and white thyme essential oils (VP-EOs), potential alternative treatment, to inhibit biofilm formation and to destroy mature biofilms of vaginal isolates, through the colony-forming units determination.ResultsCandida isolates maintained the same biofilm formation capacity and morphology in both media (SVF and SDB). Furthermore, the results obtained in this work related with VP-EOs effect agree with results acquired, previously, with SDB. This means that the effect of VP-EOs is not affected by the SVF medium, and that this fluid allows the dissolution of the volatile and bioactive compounds.ConclusionsThese results can predict the in vivo behavior, suggesting a potential effective application of VP-EOs as prophylactic or therapeutic treatment for biofilm-related vulvovaginal candidiasis.