复方环磷腺苷乳膏治疗银屑病的药效学研究

目的研究复方环磷腺苷乳膏对银屑病动物模型的治疗作用。方法采用小鼠阴道上皮病理模型、小鼠尾鳞片上皮病理模型和豚鼠耳部皮肤银屑病样皮损模型,观察复方环磷腺苷乳膏对上皮细胞分裂及表皮细胞分化的影响。结果复方环磷腺苷乳膏能明显抑制阴道上皮细胞有丝分裂、对小鼠尾鳞片表皮颗粒层形成有显著促进作用、使豚鼠银屑病样模型耳部皮肤厚度显著减少。结论复方环磷腺苷乳膏为治疗银屑病的有效药物。     

磷酸肌酸钠对充血性心力衰竭患者脑钠肽及心功能影响

目的探讨磷酸肌酸钠治疗对充血性心力衰竭（CHF）患者脑钠素及心功能的影响。方法选择60例充血性心力衰竭患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组各30例,对照组以利尿剂,洋地黄制剂、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂及硝酸脂类药物作为常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗基础上给予磷酸肌酸钠治疗,观察治疗前后患者的临床心功能分级,治疗前后做血浆脑钠肽水平及心脏超声心功能指数测定。结果心功能改善率总有效率治疗组83．3％,对照组66．7％,（P〈0．05）,且治疗组心脏左室射血分数（56．75±8．73）,明显优于对照组（45．61±8．92）,P〈0．05。两组治疗后脑钠素浓度均降低,治疗组治疗效果更明显,两组比较有显著差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论磷酸肌酸钠治疗可降低血浆脑钠素水平,明显改善心功能。     

磷酸肌酸钠治疗新生儿窒息后心肌损害临床疗效研究

目的 观察磷酸肌酸钠对新生儿窒息后心肌损害的心肌酶谱、肌钙蛋白（cTnI）、心电图（ECG）的影响以及临床治疗效果.方法 选取成都市新都区妇幼保健院新生儿科84例新生儿窒息后心肌损害患儿按随机数字表分为观察组42例和对照组42例,对照组采用常规方法治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上行静脉点滴磷酸肌酸钠0.5g/次,1次/d,两组均治疗7d.观察治疗前后患儿症状、体征改善情况,检测心肌酶谱、肌钙蛋白水平,进行ECG监测,评价两组临床疗效.结果 观察组和对照组总有效率分别为90.48%、66.67%（χ2=7.071,P＜0.05）,ECG异常率分别为30.95%（13/42）、73.81%（31/42）,（χ2=15.464,P＜0.05）.观察组和对照组治疗后AST、CK、CK-MB、LDH、cTnI均较治疗前降低,LVEF较治疗前明显升高,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 磷酸肌酸钠能够使心肌酶谱尽快地恢复正常,保护心肌,改善心功能,提高临床疗效,值得临床推广使用.     

Antinociceptive,anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of aqueous extract from Remirea maritima (Cyperaceae)

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Remirea maritima Aubl., popularly known as “capim-da-praia”, is popularly employed in the treatment of diarrhea, kidney disease, fever, and for analgesic and anti-inflammatory purposes through the preparation of teas. Few studies have focused on the chemical composition and its biological properties.

Aim of the study

This work evaluated the antinocipetive, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract from Remirea maritima Aubl. as well as the isolation and identification of the chemical compounds.

Materials and methods

Compounds were isolated from aqueous extract of Remirea maritima through preparative HPLC and the structures were identified by means of NMR and MS analysis. The tests for antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, along with motor coordination test (Rota rod), were performed over the aqueous extract.

Results

The phytochemical investigation of aqueous extract of Remirea maritima resulted in the isolation of three flavone glycosides. The structures of these compounds were determined by means of MS and 1D and 2D NMR data as vitexin-2″–O-β-d-glucopyranoside, isovitexin-2″–O-β-d-glucopyranoside, and luteolin-7-O-glucuronide. Acute pretreatment with aqueous extract (100, 200 or 400 mg/kg, i.p.) caused a significant decrease (p<0.001) in the number of abdominal writhes. In the formalin test, higher doses significantly inhibited the late (inflammatory pain) phase of formalin-induced licking (p<0.05 or 0.001). In the hot plate test, there was no significant difference in nociceptive behavior, discarding the possible central effect of the aqueous extract. In the rota rod test, it was verified that the aqueous extract in all concentration evaluated does not alter the motor coordination of mice, such antinociceptive results were unlikely to be caused by motor abnormality. In the peritonitis test, induced by carrageenan, the treatment with aqueous extract produced a significant reduction in leukocyte migration in all concentration evaluated. Additionally, a significant reduction of lipoperoxidation (TBARS test) and in nitric oxide formation (.NO Scavenging assay) was observed in antioxidant activity assay.

Conclusion

The biological and phytochemical investigations of the aqueous extract of Remirea maritima resulted in the identification of three flavone glycosides that have been described here for the first time in Remirea and effective analgesic activity in various pain models, probably mediated via the inhibition of peripheral mediators which could be related to its strong antioxidant effect observed in vitro.     

当归苦参丸联合克林霉素磷酸酯凝胶治疗玫瑰痤疮的临床研究

目的 探讨当归苦参丸联合克林霉素磷酸酯凝胶治疗玫瑰痤疮的临床疗效。方法 选择2019年11月—2022年8月天津市北辰医院收治120例玫瑰痤疮者,随机分为对照组（60例）和治疗组（60例）。对照组患者外涂克林霉素磷酸酯凝胶,2次/d。在对照组的基础上,治疗组口服当归苦参丸,6 g/次,2次/d。两组服药8周。观察两组患者临床疗效,比较治疗前后两组患者症状缓解时间,皮肤病生活质量量表（DLQI）,血清炎性因子肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、抗菌肽-37（LL-37）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和干扰素-γ（INF-γ）水平及不良反应情况。结果 治疗后,治疗组患者临床有效率为98.33%,明显高于对照组（83.33%,P＜0.05）。治疗后,治疗组患者症状缓解时间均早于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后,两组患者DLQI评分均明显下降（P＜0.05）,且治疗组的DLQI评分低于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后,两组患者LL-37、IL-6、TNF-α水平均低于治疗前,而IFN-γ水平高于治疗前（P＜0.05）,且治疗组血清炎性因子水平明显好于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后,治疗组不良反应发生率（5.00%）明显低于对照组（11.67%,P＜0.05）。结论 当归苦参丸联合克林霉素磷酸酯凝胶治疗玫瑰痤疮效果确切,可显著改善症状,有效降低炎性反应。     

Phosphate buffer interferes dissolution of prazosin hydrochloride in compendial dissolution testing

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the lack of supersaturation behavior in the dissolution profile of prazosin hydrochloride (PRZ-HCl) in the compendial dissolution test. The equilibrium solubility was measured by a shake-flask method. Dissolution tests were performed by a compendial paddle method with a phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.8, 50 mM phosphate). The solid form of the residual particles was identified by Raman spectroscopy. In the pH range below 6.5, the equilibrium solubility in phosphate buffer was lower than that in the unbuffered solutions (pH adjusted by HCl and NaOH). Raman spectra showed that the residual solid was a phosphate salt of PRZ. In the pH range above 6.5, the pH-solubility profiles in the phosphate buffer solutions and the unbuffered solutions were the same. The residual solid was a PRZ freebase (PRZ-FB). In the dissolution test, PRZ-HCl particles first changed to a phosphate salt within 5 min, then gradually changed to PRZ-FB after several hours. Since the intestinal fluid is buffered by the bicarbonate system in vivo, the dissolution behavior in vivo may not be properly evaluated using a phosphate buffer solution. For drugs with a low phosphate solubility product, it is necessary to consider this aspect.     

参麦注射液联合地塞米松治疗病毒性心肌炎的临床研究

目的探讨应用参麦注射液联合地塞米松治疗病毒性心肌炎的临床效果。方法选取湖北省中西医结合医院2015年3月—2017年9月收治的病毒性心肌炎患者98例,随机分为对照组(49例)和治疗组(49例)。对照组静脉滴注地塞米松磷酸钠注射液,0.5 mg加入5%葡萄糖注射液250 m L,1次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上静脉滴注参麦注射液,60 m L加入5%葡萄糖注射液250m L,1次/d。两组患者均连续治疗30 d。评价两组患者临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者心肌酶谱指标、血清指标和T淋巴细胞亚群水平。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组临床有效率分别为79.6%和93.9%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组血清肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、磷酸肌酸激酶(CK)浓度均显著减少(P0.01);且治疗组上述心肌酶谱指标明显低于对照组(P0.01)。治疗后,两组患者血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、白细胞介素(IL)-18、丙二醛(MDA水平较治疗前显著降低,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平显著上升,同组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.01);且治疗组患者血清指标治疗后水平明显好于对照组(P0.01)。治疗后,两组患者外周血CD4~+和CD4~+/CD8~+比值较治疗前均显著升高(P0.01),CD8~+值显著降低(P0.01);且治疗后治疗组患者T淋巴细胞亚群水平显著优于对照组(P0.01)。结论应用参麦注射液联合地塞米松治疗病毒性心肌炎可迅速缓解患者症状,有效抑制机体炎症反应,缓解氧化应激,维持细胞免疫平衡。     

Increased serum levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 after an ultradistance run

ObjectivesHealthy bones need to be loaded on a regular basis. However, overstrenuous exercise causes uncoupling of bone metabolism. Thus, it is important to be aware of exercise-induced alterations in bone metabolism. The aim of this observational study was to determine whether participation in an ultradistance run has an impact on the phosphaturic hormone fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), which is produced by osteocytes and suppresses osteoblast differentiation as well as matix mineralization.DesignObservational study.MethodsNine participants of the Spartathlon (246 km) had venous blood samples taken before and within 15 min after finishing the race as well as during recovery. Serum levels of FGF23, phosphate, and blood urea nitrogen were determined.ResultsFGF23 increased 6.5-fold from pre-race to post-race (2.2 pmol/L [IQR: 0.4; 3.2 pmol/L] to 14.4 pmol/L [IQR: 4.7; 20.0 pmol/L]; p = 0.001). Thereafter, serum levels of FGF23 fell to 1.4 pmol/L [IQR: 0.5; 1.7 pmol/L] (p < 0.0001). The differences in FGF23 levels between pre-race and recovery (3 days after the start) did not achieve statistical significance (p = 0.614). Serum levels of phosphate and blood urea nitrogen also did not change significantly.ConclusionsSince FGF23 plays a central role in mineral homeostasis, the transient overexpression of FGF23 may be an important contributor to the short-term uncoupling of bone metabolism induced by overstrenuous exercise.