Pediatric intestinal transplantation

Advancements in donor management, organ preservation and operative techniques, as well as immunosuppressive therapies, have provided children with intestinal failure and its complications a chance not only for enteral autonomy but also long-term survival through intestinal transplantation (ITx). First described in the 1960’s, experience has grown in managing these complex patients both pre- and post-transplant. The goals of this review are to provide a brief history of intestinal transplantation and intestinal rehabilitation in pediatric patients, followed by focused discussions of the indications for ITx, induction and maintenance immunosuppression therapies, common post-operative complications, and outcomes/quality of life post-transplant.     

Detection of contamination with antineoplastic agents in a hospital pharmacy department

The contamination with fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide and methotrexate was studied in a hospital pharmacy department where these drugs were prepared. In the preparation room, air samples were taken before and during preparation of the drugs. Methotrexate was detected in one sample which was collected during preparation (0.3g/m³). Spot samples were taken in the vertical laminar airflow safety hood before and after preparation of the drugs and after cleaning of the hood. Contamination of the laminar airflow hood was: cyclophosphamide: 1–160 ng/cm²; fluorouracil: 10–62 ng/cm² and methotrexate: 2–633 ng/cm². Spot samples from the floor in front of and beneath the laminar airflow hood showed contamination with especially fluorouracil (48–236g/m²). The gloves used during preparation of the drugs were contaminated mainly with fluorouracil (5–980 ng/cm²). Urine samples from two workers involved in the preparation of the drugs were analysed for unmetabolized cyclophosphamide; it was not detected. Although no uptake of cyclophosphamide was established, it is shown that the methods for measurement of cyclophosphamide, fluorouracil and methotrexate in the preparation room are applicable for the control of occupational exposure to these drugs.     

大窗口(前后台)调剂模式在医院门诊药房的应用

目的：探讨大窗口(前后台)调剂模式在门诊药房应用的优势与不足。方法：从大窗口调剂模式在我院门诊药房应用一年的实际情况进行分析。结果：大窗口调剂模式较原有的窗口式调剂模式更能满足病员的需要。结论：医院门诊药房在管理上应符合GSP的要求，药学工作者应转变服务方式，以“单纯执行医嘱的被动服务”转变为“保障用药安全、合理的主动服务”。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定肠安胶囊中黄芩苷的含量

目的 :建立以反相高效液相色谱法测定肠安胶囊中黄芩苷含量的方法。方法 :色谱柱为C18,流动相为甲醇 -0 07 %磷酸溶液 (44∶56),流速为1ml/min ,检测波长为280nm ,柱温为室温。结果 :黄芩苷进样量在0 1054μg～1 0540μg范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系 (r=0 9996) ,平均加样回收率为97 44 % (RSD=2 92 % ,n=5)。结论 :本方法简便、准确、快速 ,可用于该制剂的含量测定。     

对药学实验教学体系构建的思考

在高等应用型药学人才培养中,实验教学对学生能力的培养起着重要作用。就药学人才培养中实验教学体系的构建提出设想和初步模式,并着手实施。     

社区卫生服务对居民健康和医院效益的影响

社区卫生服务是社会进步的一个标志。建立以医院为依托 ,以社区居委会为纽带的社区卫生服务站 ,明确社区卫生服务的目标 ,发挥社区卫生服务的作用 ,满足社区居民对医疗服务的需求 ,及时为居民提供医疗保健卫生服务 ,不仅方便了群众 ,提高了居民的生活质量 ,而且医院通过社区卫生服务 ,综合利用医院的技术、设备、人力资源 ,提升了医院的形象 ,开拓了医院的医疗市场 ,是提高医院效益的途径之一。     

儿童过敏性紫癜及紫癜性肾炎的凝血象及血尿D-二聚体改变

目的　探讨过敏性紫癜及紫癜性肾炎患儿体内否存在高凝状态及其严重程度。方法　使用血液凝固时间自动分析仪和胶体金免疫渗透法对 4 2例过敏性紫癜和紫癜性肾炎以及 2 0例正常对照儿童进行凝血象 (PT、TT、APTT、FIB)和血、尿D -二聚体 (D -D)测定。结果　过敏性紫癜及紫癜性肾炎患儿体内存在不同程度的高凝状态 ,4 2例患儿中TT缩短 2 0例 (4 7 6 % ) ,PT缩短 2 2例 (5 2 4 % )、APTT缩短 18例(4 2 85 % )、血FIB增高 18例 (4 2 8% )、血D -D增高 18例 (4 2 8% )、尿D -D增高 2 0例 (4 7 6 % )。而对照组无1例异常。在对照组、过敏紫癜组、紫癜性肾炎组相互比较中 χ2 >7 79,均有显著性差异。结论　患儿体内外凝血系统被激活 ,为临床上指导用药 ,判断病情提供了理论依据。