1例房间隔缺损并肺动脉高压患者术后的药学监护

1例23岁女性患者,因发现房间隔缺损7个月收入院,诊断为先天性心脏病,房间隔缺损,肺动脉高压(中-重度),行房间隔缺损修补术。术后为维持血流动力学相对稳定,需要用到镇静止痛药、肌肉松弛药、强心利尿药以及多种肺动脉高压靶向制剂。药物种类较多,且呈现不同药代动力学特点。临床药师查阅相关资料,挖掘每个药物的监护点,警惕可能存在的药物相互作用,提出合理用药的建议,保障临床用药安全有效。经积极治疗,最终患者病情稳定出院。     

1例新生儿耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌合并金黄色葡萄球菌感染的药学监护

1例新生儿因"早产儿、新生儿湿肺"收住入院。入院后气管插管末端细菌培养为耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌、脐静脉导管培养为敏感金黄色葡萄球菌,临床药师经分析建议分别给予氨曲南、头孢他啶抗感染治疗,经过积极治疗,患儿细菌培养结果呈阴性,感染指标下降,症状好转出院。临床药师在参与重点病例的治疗过程中,能有效协助医生解决治疗难点,提供药学角度的专业性建议,确保患儿治疗安全有效,体现了临床药师的专业价值。     

住院药房药学服务满意度调查与分析

目的:为满足解放军总医院第五医学中心(以下简称“我院”)住院药房实际工作的需要,优化药学部药学服务质量,提高药学服务满意度。方法:采取随机抽样的方法,收集我院28个临床科室工作人员关于药学服务满意度的调查问卷。采用利克特量表,设置态度分值,通过Microsoft Excel软件对评分进行统计分析。结果:收集有效问卷226份,满意度平均得分>4.3分;病区对住院药房的药学服务基本满意,用药咨询评分最低,仅为(4.38±0.49)分,发药准确度[(4.44±0.89)分]和有效沟通[(4.84±0.39)分]方面有待提高。结论:我院各科室对住院药房的药学服务基本满意,问题主要体现在用药咨询和发药准确度等方面,整体药学服务质量还有一定的上升空间。     

中药注射剂用于新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的药学监护探讨

新型冠状病毒肺炎的爆发严重危害了人们的身体健康和生命安全。国家卫生健康委员会发布的《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第七版)》(以下简称第七版方案)中,推荐临床治疗期重型、危重型患者在使用中药饮片的同时可联合使用中药注射剂。本文针对第七版方案中推荐的部分中药注射剂,详细分析其相关作用特点及药学监护点,帮助临床医护人员合理使用中药注射剂,以利于中医药防治新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情,促进临床一线合理用药。     

Community pharmacists' understanding and perceptions of FDA therapeutic equivalence standards

Background

Pharmacists need to demonstrate knowledge of and have confidence in Food and Drug Administration (FDA) therapeutic equivalence (TE) standards to improve acceptance of generic medicines amongst patients and other healthcare professionals.

网络环境下基于慕课的药物分析学PBL教学模式研究

为了研究基于慕课的以问题为导向教学方法在药物分析教学中的作用,兰州大学药学院药物分析研究所选取试验组44人,对照组38人,分别按照基于慕课的以问题为导向教学方法和传统的讲授式教学方法进行授课,通过两组学生期末成绩以及调查问卷的方式,对此次教学改革进行综合评估,结果两组学生期末成绩水平相当。基于慕课的以问题为导向教学方法在药物分析教学中得到了初步肯定,其有效性和实用性尚需在大规模教学实践中进行检验和完善。     

Three opportunities for standardization: A literature review of the variation among pharmacists’ patient care services terminology

BackgroundVariation describing pharmacists’ patient care services exist, and this variation contributes to the prevalent misunderstanding of pharmacists' roles. In contrast, standard phraseology is a critical practice among highly reliable organizations and a way to reduce variation and confusion.ObjectiveThis work aims to identify and define pharmacists’ patient care service terms to identify redundancies and opportunities for standardization.MethodsBetween May to August 2018, terms and definitions were searched via PubMed, Google Scholar and statements/policies of professional pharmacy organizations. Two references per term were sought to provide an “early definition” and a “contemporary definition.” Only literature published in English was included, and data gathered from each citation included the date published, the term's definition, and characterization of the reference's source as either a regulatory or professional body. A five-person expert panel used an iterative technique to revise and verify the list of included terms and subsequent literature review results. Terms were then searched in the National Library of Medicine's Medical Subject Heading Database (MeSH) in July, 2019.ResultsThere are fifteen commonly misunderstood terms that refer to the patient care services provided by pharmacists. The appearance of these terms in the literature spanned nearly five decades. Nearly half of terms appeared first in regulatory, law or policy documents; of these, two terms had contemporary definitions appearing in the professional literature that differed from their early regulatory definition. Three opportunities to improve standardization include: (1) Implementation of standardized phraseology systems similar to nursing's Clinical Care Classification System; (2) Academics' adherence to standardized MeSH terms; and (3) Clarification of pharmacy education accreditation standards.ConclusionNumerous terms are used to describe pharmacists' patient care services, with many definitions of terms overlapping in several key components. The profession has made concerted efforts to consolidate and standardize terminology in the past, but more opportunities exist.     

Implementing FIP's global pharmaceutical education transformation vision in Sub-Saharan African Countries

The realization of a competent, versatile and adaptable Pharmaceutical workforce which is a key component in achieving the World Health Organization Universal Health Coverage agenda in 2030 depends on the supply of adequately trained pharmacy workforce who can improve access to quality medicines while delivering quality pharmaceutical services. Despite the rise in the density of pharmacists across all World Health Organization regions, African countries still stay considerably behind in terms of absolute capacity per capita which means that the pharmacy workforce in Africa continues to be very low and not adequate to deliver the pharmaceutical services needs of the region. The International Pharmaceutical Federation is leading the transformation of pharmacy education in Sub-Saharan African countries to bridge this gap with a spotlight on increasing academic capacity, establishing needs-based education strategies and creating an enabling practice environment through advocacy. This commentary paper seeks to discuss the strategies such as the FIP-UNITWIN Programme and the Kenya-Nottingham Partnership utilized in transforming the pharmacy education and therefore the pharmaceutical workforce within the Sub-Saharan African Countries. This paper also gives a clue on subsequent steps which can advance pharmaceutical practice and science in the region.     

多肽药物专家共识

中国生化制药工业协会多肽分会日前召开多肽药物专家共识研讨会,专家们就中国多肽药物发展现状,发展重点方向及对相关部门的建议达成共识。     

Multi stakeholders of health and industries perspectives on medicine price transparency initiative in private health care settings in Malaysia

IntroductionMedicine price transparency initiatives provide public or government on information about the product's prices and the components that may influence the prices, such as volume and product quality. In Malaysia, medicine price transparency has become part of the government's strategies in ensuring adequate, continuous and equitable access to quality, safe, effective and affordable medicines. Since the effect of medicine price transparency depend critically on how prices are presented, this study aims to evaluate the stakeholders' perspective of medicine price transparency practice in the private healthcare system in Malaysia.MethodsThis study was conducted as face-to-face, semi-structured interview. Respondents from private pharmaceutical industries, community pharmacists, general practitioners, private hospital pharmacists, governments, academicians and senior pharmacist were recruited using purposive sampling. Using phenomenological study approach, interviews were conducted, and audio recorded with their consent. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis with Atlas.ti 8 software and categorised as strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT).ResultsA total of 28 respondents were interviewed. There was a mixed perception regarding the price transparency implementation in Malaysia's private healthcare settings. The potential strengths include it will provide price standardization, reduce price manipulation and competition, hence allowing the industry players to focus more on patient-care services. Moreover, the private stakeholders were concerned that the practice may affect stakeholders' business and marketing strategy, reduce profit margin, increase general practitioner's consultation fees and causing impact on geographical discrepancies. The practice was viewed as an opportunity to disseminate the truth price information to consumer and strengthen collaboration between healthcare industries and Ministry of Health although this may become a threat that affect the business survival.ConclusionPrice transparency initiatives would benefit the pharmaceutical industries, consumer and countries, but it needs to be implemented appropriately to prevent price manipulation, market monopoly, and business closure. Future study may want to evaluate the impact of the initiatives on the business in the industry.