改良Nuss手术矫治小婴儿漏斗胸

目的探讨改良Nuss手术治疗小婴儿（〈6月）漏斗胸的手术方法及临床初步经验。方法2005年3月至2007年5月,我们对11例患漏斗胸的小婴儿在心脏外科技术辅助下行改良Nuss手术,并设计出个性化的固定棒实施矫形。其中男10例,女1例;年龄7天～6个月,平均4个月。结果11例均顺利完成手术,无术中并发症。手术时间30～50 min,术中平均出血量〈10 ml,术后早期并发气胸1例,无晚期并发症。术后平均住院6 d,畸形矫正,外观满意。结论改良微创Nuss手术方法矫正小婴儿漏斗胸安全可行,且不受临床分型限制,能取得良好的近期矫形效果。     

NUSS手术(微创漏斗胸矫形术)在治疗小儿漏斗胸中的应用

目的:探讨微创漏斗胸矫形术(Minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum或NUSS手术)的近期疗效。方法:3例患儿均应用NUSS手术治疗,即在胸腔镜下将塑形矫正板由一侧胸腔经胸骨后心包裸区穿至对侧胸腔,翻转后固定于对侧胸骨。结果:3例均顺利完成手术。手术时间30~70min,平均47min,无术中并发症。术后住院7~12d,平均10d。3例患儿术后疼痛、发热均不超过3d;无气胸及皮下气肿;术后1个月复查无矫形板旋转,无固定片滑脱。结论:NUSS手术的优越性在于微创、美观,手术时间短,操作简单,近期效果满意,远期效果还需进一步观察。     

漏斗胸矫治术对改善心功能的作用

对１２例漏斗胸病儿术前和术后左心功能的变化作了观察。结果显示术后左心功能有显著改善。术前心功能与年龄和漏斗指数有关。我们认为漏斗胸应早期手术，并推荐漏斗指数作为估计心功能的指标。     

Pectus excavatum complicating breast cancer surgery

Breast cancer surgery in the presence of previous reconstruction for pectus excavatum has not been reported. Such a case is described where simultaneous chest wall resection was undertaken because of fibrous tissue distortion mimicking malignant infiltration. Furthermore, postoperative adhesions necessitated opening the pleural lining during rib resection. This resulted in recurrent pleural effusion from axillary lymphatic leakage that required thoracocentesis. Breast surgery in these circumstances has to be performed with care.     

Efficacy of left thoracoscopy and blunt mediastinal dissection during the Nuss procedure for pectus excavatum

Background/Purpose

The minimally invasive Nuss procedure is emerging as the preferred technique for repair of pectus excavatum. Original methods of pectus bar placement have been modified to improve safety and efficacy and avoid cardiothoracic complications. The currently reported modifications to facilitate retrosternal pectus bar placement include routine use of right thoracoscopy or a subxiphoid incision. The purpose of this article is to describe additional modifications of the Nuss procedure to improve safety and efficacy.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed on 51 patients who have had a thoracoscopic-assisted Nuss procedure at The Children's Hospital, Denver, Colo, between 1999 and 2002. Technical modifications included patient positioning, routine use of left thoracoscopy, and an Endo-kittner.

Results

Fifty-one patients have successfully undergone the Nuss procedure using the new modifications. Surgical time ranged from 45 to 120 minutes. There have been no intraoperative or postoperative bleeding complications. There have been 2 large pneumothoraces requiring needle thoracenteses in the operating room before extubation. No chest tubes were required postoperatively. Subjectively, all patients have been satisfied with their surgical correction. Average length of hospital stay was 4 to 6 days.

Conclusions

By using left chest thoracoscopy and Endo-kittner dissectors, the risk of cardiothoracic injury can be eliminated. Moreover, other methods to ensure safe substernal dissection are unnecessary.     

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in patients with a Nuss bar--a case report and review of the literature

Pectus excavatum (PE) is a common chest wall deformity that may produce a variety of physiological and psychological effects in children and adolescents. In addition, some of these patients have associated cardiac diseases (ie, mitral valve prolapse and Marfan syndrome). Recently, a minimally invasive surgical repair of PE that requires sternal bar placement has become increasingly frequent to enhance patients' cardiopulmonary functioning as well as their self-esteem. However, despite this innovative technique, it is possible for such patients to have a cardiac arrest while their sternal bar is in place. Whether the presence of a metal bar on the underside of their sternum may hinder resuscitative chest compressions (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) is an issue that concerns us, our patients, and their families; the answer requires further investigation. We present a 21-year-old man with PE who underwent a minimally invasive pectus repair but had a fatal cardiac event before bar removal. Paramedics conducting cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the patient later reported that they were unable to deliver effective cardiac compressions and that the sternal bar may have contributed to this.     

Delayed near-fatal hemorrhage after Nuss bar displacement

A novel case of Nuss bar displacement with near-fatal hemorrhage 3 months after insertion and 3 weeks after unreported bar movement is presented. Salient features of presentation, evaluation, and treatment are described including how to divide the bar from an intrathoracic approach.     

Nuss手术治疗漏斗胸31例临床观察

目的:探讨Nuss手术矫正漏斗胸的优越性。方法:实施漏斗胸矫形术共31例。其中10例使用胸腔镜,21例未使用胸腔镜;2例使用固定片,29例使用钢丝固定。结果:手术过程顺利,手术时间为60~90 m in,术中出血量5~15 m l,术后平均9~12 d出院,无并发症发生。出院后随诊2年,30例患者漏斗胸矫形满意,1例术后复发。矫形成功的患者中,有2例钢丝折断。结论:Nuss手术具有切口小而隐蔽、手术时间短、手术创伤小、出血少、活动早、无手术瘢痕、矫形效果好等优点,使用胸腔镜可确保术程清晰可示,手术方法安全可行,值得推广。