白内障形成机制研究

通过对老年性白内障、外伤性白内障、先天性白内障(共14例)及正常晶体(20例)的SOD测定,表明晶体内自由基产生增加,抗氧化能力障碍是白内障形成的重要原因之一。同时,对晶体内自由基的发生及致病机理进行了探讨,提示在白内障形成初期,给予抗氧化制剂在可能阻止或延缓白内障形成。     

Free vascularized jejunum interposition for pharyngoesophageal reconstruction after total laryngopharyngectomy

The records of 28 patients who underwent free jejunal graft reconstruction after resection for cancer involving the pharynx were analysed. Seven patients had a T₃ carcinoma, 15 patients T₄ and six patients recurrence after laryngectomy. Ten patients had received radiotherapy in the past. Post-operatively, 15 patients (54%) had complications and two patients (7%) died. No significant difference was observed in the complication rate between the group that received radiotherapy in the past and those who did not. Nineteen patients received post-operative radiotherapy. Nine patients had no radiotherapy on the basis of complete resection or because of serious complications. For the whole group the 2-year recurrence free period and survival were 42% and 51% respectively. The postoperative radiotherapy group had a significantly better survival (73%) and recurrence free period (63%) than the group without post-operative radiotherapy (0%). Thus, post-operative radiotherapy seems indicated irrespective of resection margins.     

营养干预对骨髓移植病人抗氧化力及脂质过氧化的影响

目的探讨外源性补充抗氧化性维生素对骨髓移植病人抗氧化力及脂质过氧化的影响。方法将19名骨髓移植病人随机分为实验和对照组,实验组在预处理前给予维生素C(300 mg/d)和维生素E(600 mg/d),对照组不予补充,其余处理两者相同。测定移植前后两组病人的血浆总抗氧化力、丙二醛、全血谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶及红细胞超氧化物歧化酶水平。结果(1)移植前后实验组血浆总抗氧化力、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和红细胞超氧化物歧化酶值一直处于正常或正常值附近,对照组则低于正常值,两组相比有显著差异;(2)移植后实验组丙二醛值很快降至正常,对照组则一直处于较高水平,两组有显著差异。结论移植前外源性补充抗氧化性维生素可提高骨髓移植病人机体的抗氧化力,减少了脂质过氧化物的产生,有效缓解移植前大剂量放、化疗对病人机体造成的高氧化胁迫压力。     

Retrospective study on stage B prostate cancer in the Hokuriku District, Japan

BACKGROUND: The present study was conducted to investigate how patients with clinically localized prostate cancer were treated in the Hokuriku District, Japan. METHODS: Medical records of 536 patients with stage B prostate cancer were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were diagnosed and treated at four university hospitals and 32 collaborating hospitals in the Hokuriku District. RESULTS: Because their medical records were incomplete and/or they not available for follow up, 79 cases were excluded from this study. Conservative treatment with hormone therapy was used for 248 cases. Radical prostatectomy was performed in 199 cases, only 27 of whom underwent surgical monotherapy. There was no significant difference in disease-specific survival rates between the hormone (69.0%) and surgery group (83.2%) after 110 months. Results of the analysis of disease-specific survival rates according to histologic grade showed that patients with poorly differentiated cancers treated with hormone therapy were the only subset with significant differences when compared against the other patients. CONCLUSION: The value of prostatectomy alone or added was marginal in terms of survival. Only patients with poorly differentiated cancer might benefit from prostatectomy.     

Off-resonance effects in the transient response of SSFP sequences.

A previously developed eigenvector formalism is adapted to off-resonance in the transient response of quasiperiodic steady-state free precession (SSFP) sequences, including TrueFISP as a special case. The effective relaxation rates for essentially parallel and perpendicular deviations from the steady state are determined analytically in leading order perturbation theory. The latter are a known cause of oscillatory artifacts and therefore constitute the main target of a variety of preparation techniques. In addition, the former also play a dominating role in applications such as inversion recovery (IR) TrueFISP, which intentionally measure far away from the equilibrium. For both components, the approach toward equilibrium turns out to depend sensitively on field inhomogeneities, especially for smaller ratios of T2/T1. For the perpendicular deviations, the calculations show that--except very close to banding artifacts, where the steady-state signal is almost zero--field inhomogeneities additionally increase their effective relaxation rate almost as much as in the free induction decay (FID). The analytical results are tested against numerical simulation and MR measurements.     

View ordering for magnetization prepared steady state free precession acquisition: application in contrast-enhanced MR angiography.

Magnetization prepared segmented acquisition requires a view order that maximizes signal contrast during the acquisition of the central portion of k-space. Steady state free precession (SSFP) acquisition further requires a view order that minimizes changes in phase-encoding gradients from one repetition to the next in order to minimize eddy current artifacts. In this article, optimal view ordering schemes satisfying these two requirements are formulated and applied to inversion prepared 3D SSFP contrast-enhanced MR angiography (MRA). Experiments on phantoms and pigs demonstrated improved background suppression and reduced image artifacts.     

汉防己甲素抑制三种神经递质引起的新生大鼠脑细胞内游离钙的升高

应用Ｐｕｒａ－２技术测定游离新生大鼠脑［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ浓度的技术、研究了Ｔｅｔ对静息脑［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ和３种递质引起的脑［Ｃａ２］ｉ变化的影响。Ｔｅｔ（１，１０和２０μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１）对静息脑［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ无明显影响。Ｔｅｔ（１０μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１）可降低Ｌ－Ｇｌｎ（０．１、１．０和１０μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１）引起的脑（Ｃａ２＋）ｉ的升高。在Ｈａｎｋ＇ｓ液Ｃａ２＋为１．３ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１时，Ｔｅｔ１０μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１可降低Ｈｉｓ（５０和１００μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１）和５－ＨＴ（０．１、１．０、１０和１００μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１）引起的脑［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ的升高。但不能降低Ｈａｎｋ＇ｓ液无Ｃａ２＋时Ｈｉｓ和５－ＨＴ引起的脑［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ的升高。研究表明Ｔｅｔ可阻滞Ｌ－Ｇｉｎ、Ｈｉｓ和５－ＨＴ受体调控的钙通道。但对Ｈｉｓ和５－ＨＴ引起的细胞内贮存钙的释放并无明显影响。Ｔｅｔ的这种降低脑［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ的作用可能是其治疗脑缺血性疾病的机理之一。Ｐ＜０．０１在Ｔｅｔ１０μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１作用下，相同浓度的细胞外液钙和Ｈｉｓ（０、５０和１００μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１），脑［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ分别是２２１±５、２４５±５和３０２±６ｎｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１。增加了１１．８?     

1000例正常人发电子自旋共振（ESR）波谱的饱和特性研究

本文报道1000例正常人发自由基的电子自旋共振波谱饱和功率(ESR-SP)的检测结果。所得正常值的全组中位数为2.496mw;95％上下限分别为2.989及1.720mw。如按性别统计,则女性下限(1.617mw)较男性(1.983mw)为低,(P<0.05)。按年龄分别统计,则40岁以上的中位数(2.376mw)及其下限(2.009mw)高于40岁以下的中位数(2.548mw)及其下限(1.597mw),两者差异有显著性(P<0.05)及极显著性(P<0.01)。因此在使用此正常值指标时,必须注意性别与年龄因素。     

辐照油菜花粉自由基测定

本文采用电子顺磁共振技术测定经Ｃｏ~（６０）γ射线８ＫＧｙ辐照后的油菜花粉中自由基的含量水平。测定结果表明Ｃｏ~（６０）γ射线辐照引起油菜花粉中自由基含量明显升高，但在室温下存放，很快下降至正常水平。     

流行性出血热患者血清超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛含量变化与其发病机理的关系

本文测定32例健康人和101例流行性出血热(EHF)患者血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果表明EHF患者血清SOD、MDA含量均高于健康对照组,以低血压少尿期升高最为明显。测定中还发现SOD、MDA含量升高与病情变化程度有一定关系。作者认为自由基参与了EHF的发病过程。研究EHF与自由基的关系有助于进一步阐明EHF的发病机理并为其临床治疗提供一定的参考价值。