Process Redesign to Improve First Case Surgical Starts in an Academic Institution

Purpose: On time start of the first surgical case improves operating room (OR) utilization, physician, and patient satisfaction and decreases delays in subsequent cases. The goal of our study was to evaluate the effect of a multidisciplinary initiative to improve first patient in the room (FPIR) and first case on time start (FCOTS) metrics in a tertiary care setting. Materials and Methods: A multidisciplinary committee focused on first case start data collection. Reasons for both anesthesia and surgical delays were analyzed. Improvement efforts focused on the timely completion of surgical consent, a requirement of a surgical, anesthesia, and nurse team member presence at the patient's bedside by specific time, and parallel processing in the OR. Results: Over 65,100 OR cases were analyzed between 2007 and 2014. There was a statistically significant improvement in FPIR (82.80% versus 69.60%, p < .0001) and FCOTS (66.60% versus 55.90%, p < .0001). Surgical consent completion rate increased from 35% baseline to 68%–100%, depending on the surgical subspecialty. Improvements appeared sustainable several years following process implementation for both FPIR (84.60% versus 69.60%, p < .0001) and FCOTS (67.60% versus 55.90%, p < .0001). Conclusions: Our study demonstrates a successful targeted, multidisciplinary initiative to improve first case surgical starts in an academic setting. Our approach was organizational rather than punitive or rewarding on an individual basis. Strategies included establishing concrete, time-specific goals and posting them visibly, empowering individuals to fulfill them, and ensuring no compromise in patient safety. In the complex environment of academic medicine including research protocols and teaching in the ORs, our organizational approach proved sustainable over several years.     

手术室护理安全管理评价指标体系的构建研究

目的 通过探讨影响手术室护士护理安全管理因素,为完善相关评价指标及管理体系提供依据.方法 采用质性研究的方法,初步了解手术患者对手术安全的需求以及手术室护士对安全护理管理的相关认知,为初步构建手术室护理安全管理评价指标提供参考;通过对相关专家的咨询并对初步方案进行修订,确定手术室护理安全评价管理评价指标体系.采用现况调查研究,获取手术室患者护理安全的相关情况,进一步验证既定的手术室患者安全评价指标体系并对其进行修改.结果 经过专家咨询,最终确定了含有3个一级指标,12个二级指标的手术室护理安全管理评价体系.通过现况调查可知手术室护士对护理安全相关知识掌握程度得分均＞4分;手术室护士普遍对手术中的安全护理相关知识掌握度较高;影响手术室护士护理安全相关知识掌握的主要因素为工作的年限、技术职称以及从事的工作.结论 构建的手术室护理安全管理评价指标体系在临床上具有良好的可操作性和实用性,较为贴合手术室护士的临床需求并突出了手术室的工作特点,值得临床手术室进行推广.     

实施一体化护理管理对供应室医疗器械护理风险管理的实践与思考

消毒供应室主要针对医院内部不同医疗器械的消毒,医疗器械有的来源于临床科室,有的来源于手术室,统一规范的一体化管理有助于减少医疗器械引发的护理不良事件。本研究旨在采用规范化的管理方式降低因医疗器械引发的医院感染,提高医护人员满意度及工作效率。     

手术室腹腔镜精细化管理探讨

为了实现我院手术室腹腔镜的精细化管理,本研究中引入了一套医疗设备精细化管理系统。该系统采用数据采集系统,可以实现医疗设备使用状态的查询,使用效率分析,成本效益分析,质量控制分析,设备保修维修管理等功能。该系统的使用,提升了我院手术室腹腔镜的管理效率,提升了管理质量,为医疗设备的采购提供准确的数据参考。本管理系统的引入使我院手术室腹腔镜的管理更加规范化,科学化。     

手术室护理教学模式研究

手术室护理教学是临床护理实习的重要组成部分,本文从以问题为基础的教学模式、以“个性化”为重点的教学模式、以“情境模拟”为核心的教学模式、以“信息技术”为载体的教学模式几方面进行综述,以期探索激发护生学习兴趣、缓解焦虑情绪、巩固理论知识以及提高临床实践能力的手术室临床教学新方法,为今后手术室人才培养提供依据。     

Reliable assessment of general surgeons' non-technical skills based on video-recordings of patient simulated scenarios

Background

Nontechnical skills are essential for safe and efficient surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of an assessment tool for surgeons' nontechnical skills, Non-Technical Skills for Surgeons dk (NOTSSdk), and the effect of rater training.

Methods

A 1-day course was conducted for 15 general surgeons in which they rated surgeons' nontechnical skills in 9 video recordings of scenarios simulating real intraoperative situations. Data were gathered from 2 sessions separated by a 4-hour training session.

Results

Interrater reliability was high for both pretraining ratings (Cronbach's α = .97) and posttraining ratings (Cronbach's α = .98). There was no statistically significant development in assessment skills. The D study showed that 2 untrained raters or 1 trained rater was needed to obtain generalizability coefficients >.80.

Conclusions

The high pretraining interrater reliability indicates that videos were easy to rate and Non-Technical Skills for Surgeons dk easy to use. This implies that Non-Technical Skills for Surgeons dk (NOTSSdk) could be an important tool in surgical training, potentially improving safety and quality for surgical patients.     

Outcomes after cardiac arrest in an adult burn center

Objective

Adult burn patients who experience in-hospital cardiac arrest (CA) and undergo cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) represent a unique patient population. We believe that they tend to be younger and have the added burden of the burn injury compared to other populations. Our objective was to determine the incidence, causes and outcomes following cardiac arrest (CA) and cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) within this population.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective review at the US Army Institute of Surgical Research (ISR) burn intensive care unit (BICU). Charts from 1st January 2000 through 31st August 2009 were reviewed for study. Data were collected all on adult burn patients who experienced in-hospital CA and CPR either in the BICU or associated burn operating room. Patients undergoing CPR elsewhere in our burn unit were excluded because we could not validate the time of CA since they are not routinely monitored with real-time rhythm strips. The study population included civilian burn patients from the local catchment area and burn casualties from the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, but patients with do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders were excluded.

Results

We found 57 burn patients who had in-hospital CA and CPR yielding an incidence of one or more in-hospital CA of 34 per 1000 admissions (0.34%). Fourteen of these patients (25%) survived to discharge while 43 (75%) died. The most common initial cardiac rhythm was pulseless electrical activity (50.9%). The most common etiology of CA among burn patients was respiratory failure (49.1%). The most significant variable affecting survival to discharge was duration of CPR (P < 0.01) with no patient surviving more than 7 min of CPR.

Conclusions

CPR in burn patients is sometimes effective, and those patients who survive are likely to have good neurological outcomes. However, prolonged CPR times are unlikely to result in return of spontaneous circulation and may be considered futile. Further, those who experience multiple CA are unlikely to survive to discharge.