子宫肌瘤和子宫内膜异位症对女性性功能的影响

目的评价子宫肌瘤和子宫内膜异位症对女性性功能的影响。方法选取有手术适应证的子宫肌瘤、子宫内膜异位症患者及正常对照各100例,采用国际女性性功能评价表,调查3组人群性欲、性兴奋、性高潮和性交疼痛等状况,并进行统计学分析。结果子宫肌瘤和子宫内膜异位症与正常组相比较,妇女性欲、性兴奋、性高潮的程度等多个项目中差异均有显著性;肌瘤和内膜异位症之间仅性交伴随症状如疼痛等方面差异有显著性。结论子宫肌瘤和子宫腺肌症对女性性功能都有负面影响,两者之间的差异较少。     

子痫前期滋养细胞sFlt-1和HIF-1α表达及细胞功能在低氧条件下的变化

目的探讨低氧对子痫前期滋养细胞中可溶性血管内皮生长因子受体-1（sFlt-1）和缺氧抑制因子-1α（HIF-1α）的表达及滋养细胞凋亡和侵袭能力的影响。方法取正常妊娠及子痫前期孕妇终止妊娠后的胎盘绒毛组织,分离培养滋养细胞。分为：对照组（正常孕妇）：21%O2浓度培养;子痫前期组：分别行21%O2浓度（21%O2组）和1%O2浓度（1%O2组）培养。采用细胞免疫荧光检测滋养细胞密度,实时定量-多聚酶链反应（real tima-PCR）和蛋白印记（Western Blot）法检测滋养细胞中sFlt-1和HIF-1αmRNA及蛋白的表达,TUNNEL法检测滋养细胞调亡,Transwell测定滋养细胞的侵袭能力。结果子痫前期21%O2组、1%O2组与对照组sFlt-1mRNA的表达分别为（2.87±1.94）ng/ml、（3.51±1.25）ng/ml和（1.93±0.77）ng/ml,HIF-1αmRNA的表达分别为（2.79±0.64）ng/ml、（1.77±0.23）ng/ml和（3.63±0.38）,三组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0.01）。21%O2组、1%O2组与对照组sFlt-1蛋白分别为（4.99±1.77）μg/ml、（7.02±1.23）μg/ml和（3.83±0.63）μg/ml,HIF-1α蛋白分别为（3.83±0.63）μg/ml、（3.06±0.25）μg/ml和（7.73±1.02）μg/ml,三组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0.01）。21%O2组、1%O2组与对照组72h滋养细胞凋亡分别为（15.81±3.93）个、（20.18±3.47）个和（6.64±1.37）个,侵袭数目分别为（10.05±1.92）个、（18.65±4.17）个和（2.22±0.43）个,三组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0.01）。结论子痫前期和正常妊娠孕妇滋养细胞均对低氧敏感,低氧对滋养细胞sFlt-1和HIF-1α的表达有影响,且低氧条件下促使滋养细胞凋亡及侵袭能力强化。     

女性盆腔、腹主动脉旁及腹股沟淋巴结解剖与生理功能

妇科恶性肿瘤易发生淋巴结转移。盆腔、腹主动脉旁及腹股沟区域是最常发生转移的部位。大多数妇科恶性肿瘤手术需行淋巴结切除或活检,但是目前对于盆腔、腹主动脉旁及腹股沟区域淋巴结解剖命名尚不规范,淋巴转移的常见途径尚未充分阐明,常见恶性肿瘤的淋巴结转移规律亦有争议。文章针对该问题进行探讨。     

Construction of an integrated sexual function questionnaire for women with breast cancer

ObjectiveWith the increasing incidence of breast cancer in young women, its side effects have extended into the sexual lives of women. However, an appropriate tool to measure the sexual function is nonexistent. The aim of this study was to develop a suitable tool to measure sexual function in women with breast cancer.Materials and methodsAfter conducting literature reviews regarding the sexual function characteristics of women with breast cancer, this study designed a set of integrated sexual function questionnaires, which included pertinent information and three scales. The validity of the scales was examined under the guidance of three gender studies experts and two gynecologists who are also professors. Regarding the construct validity, researchers conducted exploratory factor analysis on the measurement results of 196 women with breast cancer.ResultsThe integrated sexual function questionnaires included the following three scales: “Breasts' Role Self-Checklist,” “Scales for Breasts' Role in the Foreplay,” and “Female Sexual Function Scale for BCSs.” The questionnaire tool consisted of the longitudinal time change, patients' and their partners' situation, information related to the recovery process, participants' perspective toward objectification of women's breasts, the role of breasts in foreplay during sexual activities, sexual desire, sexual satisfaction, sexual obstacle, and other self-evaluations. We first derived one factor from six questions in “Breasts' Role Self-Checklist” and named it as “The Importance of Breasts for Women.” The other two factors were obtained from eight questions in “Scales for Breasts' Role in the Foreplay” and named as “Sexual Attraction to Breasts” and “Function of Breasts in Foreplay.” In addition, three factors were derived from 16 questions in “Female Sexual Function Scale for BCSs” and named as “Sexual Desire,” “Sexual Satisfaction,” and “Sexual Obstacle.“ConclusionThis study determined that these integrated scales for breast cancer survivors are suitable due to their content validity, construct validity, and high internal consistency reliability, with a Cronbach's alpha of higher than 0.9 for all the three scales.     

Effects of dry needling plus exercise therapy on post-stroke spasticity and motor function: A case report

Background and purposeThe use of dry needling (DN) with other treatments may be more beneficial in managing post-stroke spasticity. We report the effects of DN plus exercise therapy (ET) on wrist flexor spasticity.Patient presentationThe patient was a 45-year-old man with an 8-year history of stroke. The outcome measures included the Modified Modified Ashworth Scale (MMAS), H_max/M_max ratio, H-reflex latency, Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), and range of motion (ROM) which were assessed before (T1), after (T2), and after 3-week follow-up (T3).ConclusionThe MMAS was improved at T2 from “3” to “2”. The H_max/M_max decreased from 0.77 to 0.53 at T3. The H-reflex latency increased from 15.4 ms to 18.5 ms at T3. The wrist active and passive ROM increased ∼30° and ∼20° at T2, respectively.A 4-session DN plus ET may improve spasticity and ROM. No meaningful improvement was observed in function.     

小儿泄泻停冲剂的止泻及改善肠道吸收作用

目的：探讨小儿泄泻停冲剂的止泻和改善肠道吸收作用。方法：小鼠灌胃给予小儿泄泻停浸膏30mg/kg、15mg/kg、7．5mg/kg,采用生大黄致泻模型、溴吡斯的明肠蠕动亢进模型观察其止泻作用;采用小肠木糖吸收试验,观察其改善肠道吸收的作用。结果：小儿泄泻停冲剂可使小鼠腹泻率和小肠推进率明显降低,小肠木糖吸收明显增加,明显促进肠道吸收功能。结论：小儿泄泻停冲剂具有止泻、改善肠道吸收的作用。     

震动眼震试验在眩晕诊断中的应用

目的:观测震动眼震(VIN)在眩晕诊断中的临床意义。方法:健康志愿者30例作为对照组,单侧前庭周围性疾病眩晕缓解期患者67例为实验组,分别进行震动试验(VT)和摇头试验(HST),观察眼震诱发情况。眩晕患者同时还进行冷热试验(CT)。结果:实验组VT中52例(77.6%)出现VIN,主要是水平眼震,其中44例VIN方向朝向健侧,梅尼埃病和前庭神经元炎患者分别有2例、6例VIN方向朝向患侧;引出摇头眼震(HSN)46例(68.7%),CT存在一侧半规管反应减退(UW)54例(80.6%)。对照组均无VIN和HSN。结论:VIN试验具有较高的敏感性,能够为评定前庭损伤侧别提供有益信息,安全性强、患者无痛苦、简便、易于推广,适合各级眩晕门诊的快速筛查。     

创伤性腕关节不稳定应用手术治疗的疗效分析

目的 探讨应用手术治疗对创伤性腕关节不稳定患者的疗效.方法 收集本院2013年1月至2014年1 1月入院的80例创伤性腕关节不稳定患者随机分为两组.对照组患者给予手法复位石膏固定治疗,实验组患者则给予手术治疗,比较两组患者治疗前后Jiranek与Gartland-Werley评分、整体治疗效果与腕关节稳定情况.结果 实验组治疗后患者Jiranek评分(169.24±25.28)分,显著高于对照组的(136.04±18.25)分,Gartland-Werley评分为(3.76±2.03)分,显著低于对照组的(10.36±3.95)分,差异有统计学意义(t=6.734,9.399,P＜0.01);实验组患者整体治疗效果显著优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(Z=-2.979,P＜0.01);实验组患者出院后6个月(95.00％)与12个月腕关节稳定率(80.00％)显著高于对照组(65.00％,30.00％),差异具有统计学意义(x2=11.250,2.202,P＜0.01).结论 应用手术治疗对创伤性腕关节不稳定患者的疗效显著,具有借鉴性.     

PBL教学方法在泌尿外科临床教学中的应用

根据PBL（Problem-based learning）教学法的特点,结合目前泌尿外科临床教学过程中存在的问题,探索PBL教学模式在泌尿外科临床教学中的作用.该文通过对外科学-泌尿外科章节分别采用以问题为基础（PBL）和以授课为基础（Lecture-based learning,LBL）的教学方法,比较PBL和传统LBL教学效果的差异.教学实践结果提示PBL教学法的教学效果优于LBL,其主要表现在提高学生自主学习能力和兴趣、临床分析能力、知识理解力和记忆力,以及活跃课题气氛等方面.     

卡维地洛对慢性心衰合并肾功能不全患者肾功能的影响

目的:评价卡维地洛对慢性心衰(CHF)合并慢性肾功能不全(CRF)患者肾功能的影响。方法:入选27例CHF合并CRF患者,在充分抗心力衰竭治疗的基础上,加用卡维地洛,观察不同阶段左室射血分数(LVEF)和肾功能的变化。结果:卡维地洛治疗后,LVEF在治疗3个月后开始升高,12个月后显著高于基线水平(p<0.01)。治疗后1个月,血肌酐(Scr)升高(p<0.05),3个月时回落到基线水平以下(p<0.05),12个月时仍低于基线水平(p<0.05);治疗后1个月,内生肌酐清除率(Ccr)先轻度下降(p<0.05),3个月时回升高于基线水平(p<0.01),12个月时仍显著高于基线水平(p<0.01)。卡维地洛对尿微量白蛋白和24h尿蛋白定量影响不大(p>0.05)。结论:第三代β-受体阻滞剂卡维地洛,可改善慢性心衰合并慢性肾功能不全患者的心功能,早期引起肾功能的轻度降低,随后肾功能显著改善。