鼻内镜下切除鼻窦低分化神经内分泌癌5例报告

目的探讨鼻内镜下切除鼻窦低分化神经内分泌癌（ poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma, PNEC ）的疗效。方法2004年8月-2011年9月采用鼻内镜手术联合术后放化疗治疗鼻窦PNEC5例,术中根据肿瘤累及范围,开放相应的鼻窦,去除肿瘤及周围破坏的骨质。术中行颅底修补1例。结果手术时间40-180min,平均105min;术中出血量150—400ml,平均240ml。术后颅内感染1例,应用大剂量抗生素静点及椎管内注射后感染控制。5例随访4～34个月,平均20．8月,1例蝶窦肿瘤术后3个月侧颅底及颅内复发,术后4个月死亡,余4例无复发。结论鼻内镜下切除联合术后放化疗治疗鼻窦PNEC疗效确切。     

自体鼻中隔软骨联合膨体聚四氟乙烯假体修复单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形

目的 探讨自体鼻中隔软骨联合膨体聚四氟乙烯(e-PTFE)假体修复单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形的手术方法和疗效.方法 采用口腔前庭切口,将e-PTFE假体垫于患侧梨状孔边缘,以抬高患侧鼻翼基底.切取自体鼻中隔软骨,将e-PTFE假体与软骨共同形成类似“三明治”结构的支架,以抬高鼻尖和修复塌陷的鼻孔及鼻翼畸形.结果 50例患者中8例失访,其余42例经3个月至1年半的随访,鼻畸形得到明显改善,外形基本接近正常.3例术后1年出现畸形轻度复发.结论 自体鼻中隔软骨联合e-PTFE假体能有效地改善单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形,值得临床推广应用.     

软组织激光全息扫描鼻眶窝的三维数字图像分析

目的　介绍三维扫描仪在非接触条件下采集面部软组织精确数据的方法 ,为临床整形提供标准的鼻眶窝三维测量数据。方法　应用三维激光扫描仪和Geomagic软件 ,采集 12例标准汉族人的颜面轮廓 ,并对鼻眶窝进行数据测量和分析。结果　通过三维激光扫描和逆向工程软件可以再现出面部形态有意义的任一角度的三维图像 ,且精确度达到 0 0 1mm ,实验初步确定了鼻眶窝最低点的三维定位 ,描述了鼻眶窝的三维形态特征。结论　此方法可以全面反映鼻眶窝与周围结构形态学上的相互关系 ,三维激光扫描是实现术前设计、手术模拟和术后效果评价的新途径     

鼻内镜下低温等离子消融术治疗肥厚性鼻炎临床分析

目的探讨对于肥厚性鼻炎患者采用鼻内镜下低温等离子消融术进行治疗的临床疗效。方法随机将256例肥厚性鼻炎患者分为对照组128例与治疗组128例。对照组采用传统下鼻甲部分切除手术,治疗组采用鼻内镜下低温等离子消融术。对2组疗效进行对比分析。结果治疗组有效率显著优于对照组,术后并发症发生情况显著低于对照组,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论采用鼻内镜下低温等离子消融术治疗肥厚性鼻炎,能显著提高疗效、微创、痛苦较小、术后恢复快及并发症少,有重要临床意义。     

Normal and abnormal embryonic development of the anorectum in rats

Background

The embryologic and pathologic aspect of anorectal malformation (ARM) remains poorly understood. There is no universally accepted theory to explain anorectal embryology and the abnormal development that produces ARM. The aim of this study was to observe the developmental processes of anorectum in rats and to explore the abnormal embryonic development that leads to ARM.

Methods

Rat embryos with ARM were obtained by treating pregnant rats with administration of ethylenethiourea (ETU). Normal rat embryos and embryos with ARM from gestational days 12.5 to 20 were sectioned serially and sagittally and stained with H & E. The relevant structure including cloaca and urorectal septum (URS) were examined in a temporospatial sequence.

Results

Characteristics of anorectum development in ARM rat embryos treated by ETU were as follows: (1) URS never fused with cloaca membrane. (2) Dorsal cloacal membrane was maldeveloped. (3) Cloacal configuration was abnormal. (4) Tail groove never appeared. All type of ARM was the rectourethal fistula and common cloaca in ETU-treated rat embryos and was discernible on gestation day 16.

Conclusions

Absence of the tail groove and maldevelopment of the dorsal cloacal membrane, cloacal configuration, and urorectal septum are likely to be responsible for the formation of ARM. Failure of fusion of the URS with cloacal membrane is the immediate reason for rectourethral fistula or common cloaca in ETU-treated rats.     

Myosin light chain compositions of the interatrial and interventricular septa of sheep heart

Summary The myosin light chain composition of sheep interatrial and interventricular septa were analysed by one- and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel. The interventricular septum has myosin light chain composition indistinguishable from that of ventricular myosin. Myosin from the interatrial septum contains three light chains, two of which co-migrated with the two atrial light chains (ALC₁ and ALC₂), while the third co-migrated with ventricular light chain 2 (VLC₂). ALC₁ are more abundant than ALC₂ or VLC₂ suggesting a mixed myosin population. Myosin with ALC₁ and VLC₂ light chain composition may be present, and its possible relationship with cardiac conducting cells is discussed.     

NASAL MUCOSAL INVOLVEMENT IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS

Abstract: :A patient with ulcerative colitis, sclerosing cholangitis, and mouth ulceration, developed an unusual lesion involving the nasal mucosa. This was thought to represent another extra-intestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease.     

Comparison of Foaming Properties Between the Shirasu Porous Glass Membrane Device and Tessari’s Three-way Stopcock Technique for Polidocanol and Ethanolamine Oleate Foam Production: A Benchtop Study

PurposeTo compare the characteristics of polidocanol (POL) and ethanolamine oleate (EO) sclerosing foams produced by a Shirasu porous glass membrane (SPGM) device with those made using a 3-way stopcock (3WSC).Materials and MethodsFoam half-life times were measured in an ex-vivo benchtop study. Computed tomography (CT) images of each foam were obtained over the time course, and a CT texture analysis was conducted. The bubble size in each foam was measured by an optical microscope.ResultsMedian foam half-life times were longer in the SPGM group than in the 3WSC group (POL: 198 vs 166 s, P = .02; EO: 640 vs 391 s, P < .01). In the CT texture analysis, median standard deviation (SD) and entropy (randomness) were lower, and median energy (uniformity) and gray-level cooccurrence matrix (GLCM) homogeneity were higher in the SPGM group than in the 3WSC group (POL SD: at 30 s and 50–300 s; POL entropy: at 0–60 s; EO SD: at 0–600 s; EO entropy: at 0–460 s; POL energy: at 0–40 s; POL GLCM homogeneity: at 0–250 s; EO energy: at 0–360 s; EO GLCM homogeneity: at 0–480 s; all P < .05). Median bubble diameters in the SPGM group and in the 3WSC group were 69 and 83 μm (P < .01), respectively, in the POL foam; and 36 and 36 μm (P = .45), respectively, in the EO foam.ConclusionsPOL and EO foams had greater uniformity and longer foam half-life time when prepared with an SPGM device than with a 3WSC.     

滑车上动脉的影像学研究及在鼻再造术中的应用

目的通过颈内、外动脉造影对滑车上动脉分支血管进行影像学研究,并设计改良额部皮瓣行鼻再造术。方法选用30例成人颈内、外动脉造影资料进行血管三维成像,对滑车上动脉分支(肌支和皮支)进行研究,探讨滑车上动脉分支走行、层次以及与眶上动脉的交通情况。根据影像学检测结果临床应用滑车上动脉分支设计额部皮瓣对11例鼻缺损患者行鼻再造术。其中男7例,女4例;年龄15～48岁,平均23岁。鼻缺损范围3.0 cm×2.5 cm～5.0 cm×3.5 cm。结果颈内动脉造影和三维成像显示,30例滑车上动脉恒定出现,直径(0.9±0.6)mm;其中浅层皮支恒定出现,直径(0.7±0.3)mm;深层肌支4例缺失,直径(0.5±0.5)mm,走行于额肌间,长(32.0±6.2)mm,分支间互有交通并与眶上动脉亦有吻合。临床应用皮瓣均成活,无软骨外露,外形良好。术后经4个月～3年随访,鼻尖、鼻翼及鼻小柱外形接近正常,鼻高度和坡度适中,再造鼻质地弹性良好,鼻孔无狭窄,通气功能正常。结论影像学检测结果佐证了滑车上动脉存在恒定皮支,以其分支为血管蒂设计的额部皮瓣提高了鼻再造疗效。