Minimum clinically important difference of the health-related quality of life scales in adult spinal deformity calculated by latent class analysis: is it appropriate to use the same values for surgical and nonsurgical patients?

BACKGROUND CONTEXT

Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) parameters have been shown to be reliable and valid in patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD). Minimum clinically important difference (MCID) has become increasingly important to clinicians in evaluating patients with a threshold of improvement that is clinically relevant.

MiR-30a-5p通过泛素水解酶22抑制人宫颈癌细胞上皮-间质转化功能

【目的】研究microRNA-30a-5p（miR-30a-5p）对人宫颈癌Hela细胞上皮-间质转化功能的影响及其相关机制。【方法】宫颈癌Hela细胞株分别转染目的mir的模拟物和阴性对照模拟物,分别以30a-5p组、NC组命名并标记细胞。同时,以未经过处理的Hela细胞作为对照（Control组）。分别用逆转录-聚合酶链反应法检测各组宫颈癌细胞的miR-30a-5p含量。Transwell实验检测3组细胞迁移能力和侵袭能力。Western-blot法检测3组细胞神经-钙粘素（N-cadherin）、α-连环蛋白（α-Catenin）和泛素水解酶22（USP22）表达水平。运用生物信息学方法预测miR-30a-5p的靶基因。采用Western blot法检测USP22过表达对miR-30a-5p抑制EMT的拮抗作用。双荧光素酶实验检测miR-30a-5p与USP22的关系。建立皮下移植瘤模型观察miR-30a-5p的体内作用。【结果】30a-5p组宫颈癌细胞miR-30a-5p的表达水平明显上调,表达水平为Control组的853.82（862.26~843.11）倍（P＜0.01）。30a-5p组侵袭细胞数量8.17（8.32~8.03）明显低于Control组（P＜0.01）。30a-5p组细胞N-cadherin蛋白的细胞内含量明显下降,α-Catenin蛋白的细胞内含量明显上升,USP22蛋白表达量明显降低。合并USP22过表达处理的30a-5p组宫颈癌细胞中N-cadherin蛋白表达量明显升高,α-Catenin蛋白表达量明显降低。双荧光素酶检验结果显示USP22为miR-30a-5p的下游靶基因（P＜0.01）。30a-5p组皮下移植瘤明显小于Control组（P＜0.01）。与Control组肿瘤组织相比,30a-5p组肿瘤组织miR-30a-5p的相对含量升高,USP22蛋白含量降低,N-cadherin蛋白的含量降低,α-Catenin蛋白含量升高。【结论】miR-30a-5p在宫颈癌Hela细胞中,可能通过靶向识别下游靶基因USP22,进而抑制其翻译。最终实现对宫颈癌细胞EMT过程的抑制。     

泛素水解酶22调控丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶6基因的转录活性

目的：克隆丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶6(mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6,MKK6)基因启动子,研究泛 素水解酶22(ubiquitin specific peptidase 22,USP22)对MKK6转录活性的调控作用。方法：采用PCR扩增MKK6基因启动 子片段,并以该片段为模板对USP22结合位点进行定点突变,将野生型与突变型启动子片段定向插入荧光素酶表达 载体pGL3-Basic;用重组载体与内参质粒pRL-TK共转染HeLa细胞,行双荧光素酶活性检测以确定其转录活性;利用 染色质免疫共沉淀(chromatin immunoprecipitation,ChIP)实验观察USP22蛋白与MKK6启动子是否存在直接的结合;下 调USP22表达后,检测MKK6转录活性的变化。结果：成功扩增MKK6启动子及其突变体并构建荧光素酶表达载体; USP22结合位点的突变导致该启动子活性在HeLa细胞中明显降低(P<0.05);USP22与MKK6启动子在细胞中存在直接结 合;抑制USP22的表达导致MKK6转录水平明显下降(P<0.05)。结论：在HeLa细胞中,USP22有效地调控MKK6基因的 转录。     

高血压肾损害患者血清IL-22水平变化及其临床意义

目的：通过观察原发性高血压及高血压肾损害患者血清白细胞介素-22(IL-22)浓度变化及与相关指标的关 系,探讨其在高血压肾损害中的作用及临床意义。方法：收集97例原发性高血压患者,根据24 h尿蛋白定量结果分为 单纯高血压组(n=45)和高血压肾损害组(n=52),40例健康体检者为对照组。用酶联免疫吸附试验检测各组血清IL-22 水平,流式细胞术检测外周血Th22细胞亚群比例,免疫比浊法测定超敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)的浓度,并进行相关性分 析。结果：与对照组相比,单纯高血压组血清IL-22水平升高,外周血Th22细胞比例明显上升(均P<0.01);高血压肾 损害组血清IL-22较单纯单纯高血压组升高(P<0.01),外周血Th22细胞亚群比例也高于单纯高血压组(P<0.05)。直线相 关分析显示：单纯高血压组血清IL-22与收缩压、舒张压及hsCRP水平呈正相关(r=0.367,P<0.01;r=0.402,P<0.01; r=0.329,P<0.05),与Th 22细胞比例呈正相关(r=0.478,P<0.01)。高血压肾损害组血清IL-22水平与24 h尿蛋白定量呈正 相关(r=0.318,P<0.05)。结论：高血压肾损害患者血清IL-22水平及外周血Th 22细胞比例均较单纯高血压患者升高,血 清IL-22水平和血压水平与高血压肾损害的程度呈正相关,提示其可能参与高血压肾损害的发生发展。     

抑制USP22基因对人结直肠癌细胞增殖的影响

目的 利用RNA干扰技术探讨泛素特异性肽酶22（USP22）对人结直肠癌细胞增殖的影响。方法 免疫荧光检测结直肠癌组织中USP22的表达;Western blotting检测体外培养的HCT-116、SW480、HC-29结直肠癌细胞株中USP22的表达,筛选出表达量最高的细胞作为研究细胞。设计、合成针对USP22特异性siRNA,同时设置阴性对照siRNA,利用脂质体转染结直肠癌细胞后,Western blotting检测siRNA抑制效率;通过MTT法检测细胞的增殖能力;流式细胞术检测细胞的周期及凋亡;Western blotting检测周期相关蛋白CyclinB1、p21、p53、CDK2的表达。结果 结直肠癌组织中USP22表达量与癌旁组织比较,差异有统计学意义（P?<0.05）,结直肠癌组织中USP22表达量升高。SW480细胞中USP22的表达量最高,因此作为靶细胞进行后续研究。与对照组比较,USP22 siRNA能够降低USP22的表达（P?<0.05）。USP22抑制后,与对照组比较,能够抑制SW480细胞的增殖,促使SW480细胞停滞于G0/G1期,抑制细胞周期进程,增加细胞凋亡率（P?<0.05）,进而抑制细胞增殖（P?<0.05）;同时,与对照组比较,CyclinB1、CDK2的表达量降低（P?<0.05）,p53和p21的表达量升高（P?<0.05）。结论 USP22抑制后,能够抑制结直肠癌细胞的增殖,其机制可能与抑制细胞周期进程、促进细胞凋亡有关。     

香萱解郁方对血清剥夺诱导HT22细胞损伤模型的神经保护作用

探讨香萱解郁方含药血清对血清剥夺致小鼠海马神经元HT22细胞损伤模型的影响。方法 采用血清剥夺培养HT22细胞建立神经损伤体外模型,实验分为对照组、模型组和中药组［中药组A（含药血清15%浓度）、中药组B（含药血清20%浓度）］,各组血清剥夺12 h后,通过CCK8法检测各组细胞活力,确定15%浓度含药血清干预后细胞的存活率最高,设定为后续实验中药组的药物浓度。免疫荧光染色法检测神经元特异性微管蛋白（β-Tubulin Ⅲ）在各组中的表达,蛋白质免疫印迹法及qPCR法检测脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）蛋白及其mRNA在各组中的表达。结果 在加药后培养12 h,中药组的细胞活力明显高于对照组与模型组（P＜0.001）。培养24 h,模型组细胞活力较对照组明显下降（P＜0.001）,中药组较模型组明显提高（P＜0.001）。培养36 h,模型组细胞活力较对照组显著下降（P＜0.001）,中药组较模型组明显提高（P＜0.001）。模型组BDNF蛋白含量及 BDNF mRNA表达量较对照组显著降低（P＜0.05,P＜0.001）,模型组少数神经元长出突起;中药组BDNF蛋白含量及BDNF mRNA表达量较模型组显著增加（P＜0.05）,中药组HT22细胞轴突突起长度和分支增加,β-Tubulin Ⅲ阳性表达明显增多。结论 香萱解郁方含药血清对血清剥夺诱导小鼠海马神经元HT22细胞损伤具有神经保护作用,可能与促进BDNF蛋白表达有关     

Comparison of the nuclear matrix protein 22 with voided urine cytology in the diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder

Several urinary markers for transitional cell carcinoma have been investigated, including urine cytology, bladder tumor antigen, autocrine motility factor receptor and fibrin degradation products. Unfortunately, they have poor overall sensitivity. The United States Food and Drug Administration have recently approved nuclear matrix protein (NMP 22) for the detection of occult or rapidly recurring disease after transurethral resection of bladder tumor. The objective of the current study was to assess the sensitivity of NMP 22 for the detection of bladder carcinoma, as well as to correlate the NMP 22 values with multiplicity of tumor, tumor size, configuration, stage and grade respectively. A total of 78 patients (38 with bladder cancer) provided a urine sample which was divided into appropriate aliquots for each of urine cytology and NMP 22. Comparative results demonstrate a clear superiority of NMP 22 in bladder cancer detection (52.6% vs 31.6% sensitivity), while specificity was in favor of urine cytology (100% vs 82.5%). For superficial tumors, sensitivity was 78.5% for NMP 22 and 41.6% for cytology and for invasive cancers, sensitivity was 90% for NMP 22 and 60% for cytology. Urinary NMP 22 levels were significantly correlated with tumor grade and were significantly higher in large tumors than small tumors. NMP 22 test results showed sufficient sensitivity in comparison with urine cytology for the detection of transitional cell carcinoma. However, we do not think that it is a useful tool as a substitute for endoscopic examination for the detection and surveillance in bladder cancer.     

Decreased collagen-degrading activity could be a marker of prolonged mesangial matrix expansion

Background Mesangial matrix expansion is caused by the overproduction and/or the impaired proteolytic degradation of the extracellular matrix. However, the relative contribution of these changes to the development of prolonged mesangial matrix expansion is still poorly understood. We aimed to elucidate the relative role of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)/tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) system in the development of prolonged mesangial matrix expansion.Methods We prepared two rat models, showing reversible or prolonged mesangial matrix expansion, induced by a single injection or two consecutive injections of anti-Thy-1.1 monoclonal antibody 1-22-3, respectively. We analyzed the glomerular expression of type I and type IV collagens; MMP-2, -9, and -13; membrane type 1-MMP (MT1-MMP); TIMP-1; and urinary type I collagen-degrading activity in both models.Results There were no differences in glomerular mRNA levels of type I and type IV collagens between the reversible and the prolonged models. MMP-9 mRNA expression and protein level was lower in the prolonged model than in the reversible one, whereas there were no differences in mRNA levels of MMP-2, -13, MT1-MMP, or TIMP-1 between the two models. Urinary type I collagen-degrading activity in the prolonged model was lower than that in the reversible one. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between the mesangial matrix expansion and urinary type I collagen-degrading activity.Conclusions Impaired expression of MMP-9 may contribute to the development of prolonged mesangial matrix expansion. Analysis of urinary type I collagen-degrading activity may provide additional diagnostic information in mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis.     

稳定沉默Rictor表达的前列腺癌CWR22RV1的构建

目的 应用RNA沉默技术下调前列腺癌CWR22RV1细胞株的Rictor基因表达,并筛选具有稳定转染Rictor-shRNA的细胞株,为进一步研究Rictor在前列腺癌中的作用打下基础.方法 针对Rictor基因设计合成siRNA序列;鉴定、测序并转染293T细胞观察基因表达情况;构建Rictor-shRNA慢病毒载体;进行Rictor-shRNA慢病毒包装及滴度测定;筛选稳定表达Rictor-shRNA的前列腺癌CWR22RV1细胞株;Western blot检测稳定转染前列腺癌CWR22RV1细胞株Rictor的表达水平.结果 Rictor-shRNA慢病毒成功包装后转染前列腺癌CWR22RV1细胞,进行嘌呤霉素筛选,获得沉默Rictor基因的前列腺癌CWR22RV1细胞株,Western blot检测显示该细胞株Rictor水平明显降低(P＜0.01).结论 成功构建了稳定沉默Rictor表达的前列腺癌CWR22RV1细胞株,为后续的实验了打下坚实的基础.     

A short time interval between the neurologic index event and carotid endarterectomy is not a risk factor for carotid surgery

Objective

Current guidelines recommend that carotid endarterectomy (CEA) be performed as early as possible after the neurologic index event in patients with 50% to 99% carotid artery stenosis. However, recent registry data showed that patients treated ≤48 hours had a significantly increased perioperative risk. Therefore, the aim of this single-center study was to determine the effect of the time interval between the neurologic index event and CEA on the periprocedural complication rate at our institution.