一种改进的Kirsch边缘检测方法

Kirsch边缘检测算子在医学图像处理中有重要应用,它在保持细节和抗噪声方面都有较好的效果。但Kirsch算子得到的图像边缘仍存在连续性较差的问题。本文利用边缘连接算法对Kirsch边缘检测方法进行了改进,获得较好的检测结果。     

早期乳腺癌的诊断和钼靶摄影的应用

目的 探讨乳腺钼靶摄影对早期腺癌的早期诊断价值，提高腺癌的早期诊断率。方法 总结近3年经乳腺钼靶摄影确诊同时经手术病理证实的早期腺癌33例，分析钼钯摄影的X线征象对早期腺癌的诊断价值。结果 33例腺癌中16例有明显肿块影，部分有毛刺样改变或呈分叶状，8例仅有细小点状钙化，5例有导管扩张改变，其中14例伴有间接征象。结论 临床确诊结合乳腺钼靶对腺癌早期诊断具有重要价值，尤其对于触诊阴性者，乳腺钼靶摄影检查更是必不可少的手段。     

Transient alteration of the blood-brain barrier: effect of hypertonic solutions administered via carotid artery injection

Transient increases in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier were observed after the intracarotid administration of hypertonic solutions in rats. The alterations were similar to those described by other investigators, but occurred after less-severe cerebral vascular insults. More subtle changes in permeability were identified using sodium-22, than with conventional techniques employing labeled proteins.     

Obsessive-compulsive neurosis: Record,follow-up,and family studies. I. Inpatient record study

This study consisted of 150 inpatients in whom obsessions and compulsions were major or predominant symptoms. Twenty-one per cent of the patients were included in subgroup I. The clinical picture and course of illness in this subgroup consisted only of obsessions and compulsions, and the cause for hospitalization was incapacitation by these symptoms. Patients in this subgroup were distinguished from all other patients by the absence of decline in their occupational status. Subgroup II, the largest in the study, consisted of 38% of the patients in whom depression followed many years of severe obsessions and compulsions. Depression is recognized as “probably the most common complication of obsessional neurosis,”¹⁶ and it would appear that it is the largest single cause of hospitalization for patients with obsessive-compulsive neurosis. Eleven per cent of the patients had primary depressive illness with obsessions and compulsions and were included in subgroup IV which, despite its small size, was readily distinguishable from the previously mentioned subgroup II.The important question of the association between obsessive-compulsive illness and schizophrenia was raised by the 14 patients (9%) in subgroup V who are presented in detail in Table 5. The effective, paranoid, and sometimes remitting types of psychosis that appear to be associated with some cases of obsessive-compulsive illness do not meet the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia that we have used, and the divergence of opinions in the literature may reflect the impressionistic, rather than systematic, way that the diagnosis of schizophrenia is made.A blind personal follow-up of the patients and the study of psychopathology in their families will provide us with more data that are essential to answer some of the questions and confirm (or reject) findings presented in this study.