4种临床用烤瓷合金材料细胞毒性研究

目的　选择 4种临床用烤瓷合金 ,对其细胞毒性进行检测和比较。方法　采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝比色法 (MTT法 )检测乳酸脱氢酶活性来测定合金析出离子对体外培养细胞的影响 ,比较不同合金对细胞增殖的作用 ,评定 4种烤瓷合金的毒性作用。结果　镍铬烤瓷合金抑制细胞增殖最明显 ,含钛的镍铬烤瓷合金、钴铬烤瓷合金次之 ,金合金基本不影响细胞增殖。结论　应根据临床情况和合金细胞毒性情况合理选用烤瓷合金材料     

非贵金属烤瓷冠适合性的实验研究

目的 研究非金属烤瓷冠的适合性;方法 用甲基丙烯酸甲酯制作基牙,分别成肩台支持型、斜肩型、斜面型三种颈部边缘形态,用三元方法研究烤瓷冠的适合性。结果 烤瓷冠三种颈部形态舌侧边缘适合性几乎无明显差异,唇侧边缘适合性以斜面型为最好。结论 斜面型颈部边缘形态其边缘适合性为最好。     

Modulation of serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) complexes: A promising approach in cancer treatment

Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the availability of numerous therapeutic options, tumor heterogeneity and chemoresistance have limited the success of these treatments, and the development of effective anticancer therapies remains a major focus in oncology research. The serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and its complexes have been recognized as potential drug targets. Research on the modulation of PP1 complexes is currently at an early stage, but has immense potential. Chemically diverse compounds have been developed to disrupt or stabilize different PP1 complexes in various cancer types, with the objective of inhibiting disease progression. Beneficial results obtained in vitro now require further pre-clinical and clinical validation. In conclusion, the modulation of PP1 complexes seems to be a promising, albeit challenging, therapeutic strategy for cancer.     

Efficient immunogenic peptide antigen delivery to dendritic cells using an ESCRT-mediated extracellular vesicle formation method

In the activation of cell-mediated adaptive immune responses that play major roles in the elimination of virus-infected or tumor cells, it is important that dendritic cells present antigen peptides on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and activate pathogen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). As exogenous peptide antigens are generally presented on MHC class II but not class I, the development of a method for exogenous antigen delivery that facilitates MHC class I presentation is necessary for a potentially effective vaccine that is expected to provoke cell-mediated adaptive immune responses. Here, we developed extracellular vesicles that incorporate antigenic proteins by utilizing endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT)-mediated vesicle formation pathway. Furthermore, we proved that these vesicles could deliver their contents to the cytoplasm of dendritic cells and activate antigen-specific CTLs. These technologies could be applied to the development of novel CTL-inducing peptide vaccines.     

Proteins immobilization on the surface of modified plant viral particles coated with hydrophobic polycations

Two hydrophobic cations based on poly-N-ethyl-vinylpyridine were used to produce biologically active complexes. The complexes obtained from tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) spherical particles (SPs), hydrophobic polycation, and a model protein were stable and did not aggregate in solution, particularly at high ionic strengths. The nucleic acid-free SPs were generated by thermal remodeling of the TMV (helical rod-shaped plant virus). The model protein preserved its antigenic activity in the ternary complex (SP–polycation–protein). Immobilization of proteins on the surface of SPs coated with hydrophobic cation is a promising approach to designing biologically active complexes used in bionanotechnologies.     

内镜下金属钛夹治疗上消化道Dieulafoy病的临床分析

目的探讨经内镜金属止血夹治疗Dieulafoy病的疗效。方法回顾性分析本院2010年2月至2011年2月收治的20例Dieulafoy病患者的临床资料。结果本组患者再出血率为5%,早期止血率为100%。平均住院天数(4±0.75)d,无1例需转外科手术治疗,无穿孔及其他并发症发生。结论经内镜下金属止血夹治疗Dieu-lafoy病是一种积极有效的方法,方法简单、可靠,值得临床推广使用。     

“High-precision,reconstructed 3D model” of skull scanned by conebeam CT: Reproducibility verified using CAD/CAM data

Computed tomography (CT) scanning has recently been introduced into forensic medicine and dentistry. However, the presence of metal restorations in the dentition can adversely affect the quality of three-dimensional reconstruction from CT scans. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the reproducibility of a “high-precision, reconstructed 3D model” obtained from a conebeam CT scan of dentition, a method that might be particularly helpful in forensic medicine.We took conebeam CT and helical CT images of three dry skulls marked with 47 measuring points; reconstructed three-dimensional images; and measured the distances between the points in the 3D images with a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) marker. We found that in comparison with the helical CT, conebeam CT is capable of reproducing measurements closer to those obtained from the actual samples.In conclusion, our study indicated that the image-reproduction from a conebeam CT scan was more accurate than that from a helical CT scan. Furthermore, the “high-precision reconstructed 3D model” facilitates reliable visualization of full-sized oral and maxillofacial regions in both helical and conebeam CT scans.     

Histological alterations and oxidative stress in adult zebrafish muscle after aluminium exposure

Aluminium (Al) is among the most abundant metals in nature, and its presence in the environment is further increasing by anthropogenic activities. In water bodies, the Al concentrations ranged between 0.001 and 50 mg/L, raising concerns about the health of aquatic organisms. For this reason, zebrafish was chosen as the model, since it is well suited for ecotoxicological studies. Adult specimens were exposed to 11 mg/L of Al for 10, 15 and 20 days to assess both the morphology and the oxidative state of muscle tissue. Considering the involvement of ROS, the activity of the main antioxidant enzymes, metallothioneins contents, but also oxidative damage and enzymes involved in energy consumption and neuromuscular transmission were assessed. Collected data showed an increase in the thickness of the endomysium and resorbed myofibrils in the organisms exposed to Al for 10 days, and an increase of myotomes' size in the organisms exposed to Al for 15 days. Moreover, the organisms exposed for less time to Al, it was evident an activation of anaerobic metabolism and the increased activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferases. However, these effects stabilized with increasing exposure time. In addition, only after 20 days of treatment did the oxidative damage to the proteins and the activity of acetylcholinesterase increase while the levels of metallothioneins and the lipid peroxidation were lower for all treated animals when compared to the control group. Overall, the biochemical and histological changes induced by aluminium exposure in the muscular tissue represent a relevant contribution to understanding the environmental risk due to the diffusion of this metal within the aquatic compartment.     

Repurposing of the gold drug auranofin and a review of its derivatives as antibacterial therapeutics

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a significant issue associated with the clinical application of antibiotics. It is also challenging to discover and develop new antibiotics with novel scaffolds. Therefore, the repurposing of existing drugs has become a promising strategy for antibiotic drug discovery. Auranofin, an approved gold metallic drug, has been used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for many years. Recent research revealed that auranofin has strong antibacterial activity against multiple Gram-positive bacteria by inhibiting thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). These results inspired the development of gold complexes as antibacterial agents. Herein, we discuss recent advances in the development of auranofin and other gold complexes as antibacterial agents, providing a new viewpoint for the treatment of bacterial infection.